Objective To establish a new model for predicting cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)by using biochemical indicators,in order to find the intrinsic factors affecting cardiac function in T2DM patients.Methods A total of 361 patients with T2DM admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2023 to January 2024 were retrospectively selected.They were divided into T2DM group(n=117)and decreased ventricular diastolic function group(n=244)according to cardiac function.General characteristics and biochemical indicators were collected in the two groups,as well as echocardiography.Logistic regression was used to construct a new prediction model.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)was used to evaluate the accuracy of the model,and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to evaluate the calibration of the model.Results Age,DM duration,TC,urea,serum creatinine(Scr),25(OH)D3 and HDL-C were higher,while TG,triglyceride and glucose product index,serum uric acid(SUA)and glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)were lower in the ventricular diastolic function decline group than in the T2DM group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of DM,urea,Scr,SUA and eGFR were the influencing factors for cardiac diastolic function decline inpatients with T2DM,and the prediction model was constructed as follows:y=7.054+0.097×ln DM duration+0.209×ln urea-0.203×ln Scr-0.003×ln SUA-0.052×ln eGFR,AUC was 0.832,sensitivity was 0.713,specificity was 0.803,cut-off value was 0.69,and the model fitted well and had certain predictive value.Conclusions The decline of cardiac diastolic function in patients with T2DM is related to DM duration,urea,SUA,Scr and eGFR.The new model has a good predictive effect on cardiac function in patients with T2DM and provides clinical value.

Objective To construct a clinical-radiological nomo-gram model for severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia coinfec-tion with other pathogens(Co-SMPP)in children.Methods The clinical and radiological data of children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(SMPP)who underwent nucleic acid testing or bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL)were analyzed retrospectively.The data analysis were performed by using SPSS 27.0 software.The group comparison between simple SMPP and Co-SMPP children was conducted by using t-tests,Mann-Whitney U tests,or chi-square tests.Nomogram analysis was performed by using R software and rms packages.The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results A total of 194 SMPP children were included in the study,including 136 cases(70.1％)with simple SMPP,58 cases(29.9％)with Co-SMPP.The fibrinogen and albumin levels were lower in Co-SMPP children[(3.53±0.85)g/L,41.00(39.03,43.68)g/L]than in simple SMPP children[(3.79±0.80)g/L,42.80(41.00,44.40)g/L],with P values of 0.047 and 0.036,respec-tively.The probability of bronchial stenosis and grid shadow were higher in Co-SMPP children than in simple SMPP children,and there were significant differences between the two groups(P＜0.001,P=0.010).The odds ratio of bronchial stenosis in predicting Co-SMPP children was 14.085.The clinical-radiological nomogram model had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.840,with sensi-tivity and specificity of 0.756 and 0.848,respectively.Conclusion The nomogram model based on clinical-radiological features can effectively predict Co-SMPP.

Objective To establish a new model for predicting cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)by using biochemical indicators,in order to find the intrinsic factors affecting cardiac function in T2DM patients.Methods A total of 361 patients with T2DM admitted to the Department of Endocrinology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2023 to January 2024 were retrospectively selected.They were divided into T2DM group(n=117)and decreased ventricular diastolic function group(n=244)according to cardiac function.General characteristics and biochemical indicators were collected in the two groups,as well as echocardiography.Logistic regression was used to construct a new prediction model.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUC)was used to evaluate the accuracy of the model,and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to evaluate the calibration of the model.Results Age,DM duration,TC,urea,serum creatinine(Scr),25(OH)D3 and HDL-C were higher,while TG,triglyceride and glucose product index,serum uric acid(SUA)and glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)were lower in the ventricular diastolic function decline group than in the T2DM group(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of DM,urea,Scr,SUA and eGFR were the influencing factors for cardiac diastolic function decline inpatients with T2DM,and the prediction model was constructed as follows:y=7.054+0.097×ln DM duration+0.209×ln urea-0.203×ln Scr-0.003×ln SUA-0.052×ln eGFR,AUC was 0.832,sensitivity was 0.713,specificity was 0.803,cut-off value was 0.69,and the model fitted well and had certain predictive value.Conclusions The decline of cardiac diastolic function in patients with T2DM is related to DM duration,urea,SUA,Scr and eGFR.The new model has a good predictive effect on cardiac function in patients with T2DM and provides clinical value.

Objective To construct a clinical-radiological nomo-gram model for severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia coinfec-tion with other pathogens(Co-SMPP)in children.Methods The clinical and radiological data of children with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(SMPP)who underwent nucleic acid testing or bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL)were analyzed retrospectively.The data analysis were performed by using SPSS 27.0 software.The group comparison between simple SMPP and Co-SMPP children was conducted by using t-tests,Mann-Whitney U tests,or chi-square tests.Nomogram analysis was performed by using R software and rms packages.The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results A total of 194 SMPP children were included in the study,including 136 cases(70.1％)with simple SMPP,58 cases(29.9％)with Co-SMPP.The fibrinogen and albumin levels were lower in Co-SMPP children[(3.53±0.85)g/L,41.00(39.03,43.68)g/L]than in simple SMPP children[(3.79±0.80)g/L,42.80(41.00,44.40)g/L],with P values of 0.047 and 0.036,respec-tively.The probability of bronchial stenosis and grid shadow were higher in Co-SMPP children than in simple SMPP children,and there were significant differences between the two groups(P＜0.001,P=0.010).The odds ratio of bronchial stenosis in predicting Co-SMPP children was 14.085.The clinical-radiological nomogram model had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.840,with sensi-tivity and specificity of 0.756 and 0.848,respectively.Conclusion The nomogram model based on clinical-radiological features can effectively predict Co-SMPP.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Setaria italica extract on improving insomnia model mice and to explore its potential mechanisms. METHODS The mice were randomly assigned into blank group， model group， positive control group （diazepam， 2.6 mg/kg）， and S. italica extract low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups （1.2， 2.4， 4.8 g/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. Except for the blank group， all other groups received intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine （PCPA） to establish the insomnia model. After modeling， the blank group and model group were given a constant volume of normal saline intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically， with a volume of 0.01 mL/g， once a day， for 7 consecutive days. After the administration， the open-field test was conducted to observe the praxiological changes of mice， and to determine the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid （5-HTAA） in the hippocampal tissue， as well as the contents of 5-HT， brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， interleukin-2 （IL-2）， IL-6， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl- 2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in the serum. The expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/nuclear factor- κB （PI3K/Akt/NF-κB） signaling pathway related protein was determined in the hippocampus of mice. RESULTS Compared with the model group， the total exercise time of mice in S. italica extract high-dose group was significantly prolonged， but the total rest time was significantly shortened （P＜0.01）； the number of standing times and modification times were significantly reduced （P＜ 0.01）. The contents of 5-HT， BDNF， and Bcl-2 in serum， and Bcl-2/Bax were significantly increased， while the contents of IL-2， IL-6， and Bax were significantly reduced （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）. The content of 5-HTAA in the hippocampal tissue and 202104010910029）；the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt proteins were increased significantly， while the phosphorylation level of NF-κB p65 protein was decreased significantly （P＜0.05）.CONCLUSIONS High-dose of S. italica extract demonstrates significant therapeutic effects on insomnia in mice， and the mechanism of which may be associated with the regulation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

This paper is based on the literature of the last ten years by summarizing and analyzing the progress in the study of Rehmanniae Radix, focusing on the research progress are reviewed at the dynamic changes of the main Chemical indicators of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, objective expression of four kinds of processed products (Steamed, steamed with wine, wine stew, ancient law (steamed for nine times and shined for nine times) ) and the objective expression of four kinds of processed products and the change of the pharmacological effects.There are many objective expression methods for processing end points of different processed products of Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, But processing are unclear until now. Innovative research on standardized unification and new research ideas are needed.

82 cases were treated with acu—moxibustion and tra-ditional materia medica,while 42 cases were treatedwith routine western drugs.Results revealed that theamelioration of clinical symptoms,signs and total ef-fectiverate in the traditional modality group was betterthan the western drug group.