Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high morbidity and mortality, but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking. Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases, but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI. We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome (AS-Lipo), mainly acting on macrophages, effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice. By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice, we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI. Furthermore, our study provided evidence of FoxO1's pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis, inflammation, and migration. Moreover, the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (ARHGEF1), indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway. Consequently, our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI. Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.

Probiotics play a crucial role in colon cancer treatment by metabolizing prebiotics to generate short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Colon cancer patients are frequently propositioned to supplement with probiotics to enhance the conversion and utilization of prebiotics. Nevertheless, the delivery and colonization of probiotics is hindered by the harsh conditions of gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Here, we devised a straightforward yet potent modified prebiotic-based "shield" (Gelatin-Inulin, GI), employing dietary inulin and natural polymer gelatin crosslinked via hydrogen bonding for enveloping Lactobacillus reuteri (Lr) to formulate synbiotic hydrogel capsules (Lr@Gl). The GI "shield" serves as a dynamic barrier, augmenting the resistance of Lr to gastric acid and facilitating its bioactivity and adherence in the GIT, synergizing with Lr to elicit an anti-tumor effect. Simultaneously, Lr@GI demonstrates anti-tumor effects by depleting glutathione to release reactive oxygen species, accompanied by the activation of NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3), and the induction M1 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, Lr@GI can not only promote the recovery of intestinal barrier but also regulate intestinal flora, promoting the production of SCFAs and further exerting anti-tumor effect. Crucially, Lr@GI also potentiates the anti-tumor effect of 5-Fluorouracil. The construction and synergistic anti-tumor mechanism of synbiotic hydrogel capsules system provide valuable insights for gut microbial tumor therapy.

Objective:To explore the clinical significance of the dominant B-cell epitope peptide of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL95 gene, as well as the correlation between the plasma UL95 specific antibody levels and clinical indicators in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, in order to find auxiliary diagnostic indicators for SLE.Methods:A non-randomized control study was conducted to analyze the sequencial characteristics and polymorphisms of HCMV UL95 gene, and bioinformatics analysis and chemical synthesis were used to synthesize UL95 dominant B cell epitope short peptides, which were used as coating antigens. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay was used to detect the specific antibody levels of plasma UL95 of 97 SLE patients and 35 healthy controls (HC). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of UL95 short peptide antibodies for SLE diagnosis. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between UL95 specific antibody levels and clinical indicators in SLE patients.Results:The nucleotide sequence similarity of UL95 gene was 92.9%-100%, and the amino acid sequence similarity was 92.1%-100%, whose sequences were highly conserved and homologous. A comprehensive prediction of multiple parameters resulted in 6 possible dominant B cell epitopes, named (Bp1, Bp2, Bp3, Bp4, Bp5, Bp6) respectively. The ELISA results showed that the levels of plasma UL95 specific antibodies (0.35±0.12) in SLE patients were significantly higher than those of the HC group (0.28±0.10)( t=3.091, P=0.002). The area under the ROC curve for distinguishing SLE and HC was 0.703, with a sensitivity of 54.6% and a specificity of 88.6%. In addition, the UL95 specifific antibody levels ( OD value) in the middle-high activity subgroup (systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index, SLEDAI≥4) were higher (0.36±0.10) than those in the low activity subgroup (SLEDAI<4)(0.30±0.07) ( t=?2.055, P=0.044). UL95 specific antibody levels were positively correlated with clinical indicators such as total immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total immunoglobulin M (IgM), while negatively correlated with complement component 3 (C3), complement component 4 (C4), and platelet count. Conclusions:The antibody level of UL95 is closely related to the activity of lupus disease. The Bp1 (10-21) peptide segment of UL95 has important significance for the auxiliary diagnosis of SLE and is expected to become a new reference indicator.

Objective To screen the main environmental factors affecting the growth of Prunella vulgaris L.based on MaxEnt model and ArcGIS;To predict its potential suitable habitats in China;To provide reference for the artificial cultivation of Prunella vulgaris L.Methods Totally 346 pieces of sample point data of Prunella vulgaris L.were collected.Combined with data of 38 ecological factors,the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Prunella vulgaris L.were screened using MaxEnt model.ArcGIS software was used to evaluate the habitat suitability of Prunella vulgaris L.and analyze the distribution of suitable areas for Prunella vulgaris L.worldwide and in China.Results The main ecological factors affecting the distribution of Prunella vulgaris L.were upper(0-30 cm)soil gravel volume percentage,soil effective water content,upper(0-30 cm)soil exchangeable sodium salt,specific soil types related to agricultural use in soil units and upper(0-30 cm)soil sand content.The highly suitable areas of Prunella vulgaris L.were mainly in Yunnan,Heilongjiang,eastern Inner Mongolia and central Sichuan.Conclusion The predicted results can provide a reference for the introduction of cultivation and sustainable resource utilization of Prunella vulgaris L.

Objective:To investigate the value of 3D CT reconstruction in diagnosis of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) combined with syndesmotic diastasis (SD).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 160 patients with CLAI who had been examined by arthroscopy from January 2018 to September 2022 at Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital. There were 64 males and 96 females with an age of (39.8±12.6) years. Eighty-one left and 79 right feet were affected; the time from injury to surgery was (27.3±11.6) months. The patients were divided into a widened interval group and a normal interval group according to the syndesmotic width measured, with 2 mm as a critical value. After preoperative 3D CT reconstruction, the differences in anterior tibiofibular distance, posterior tibiofibular distance, the narrowest tibiofibular distance, fibular translation, fibular rotation, and syndesmotic area (SA) were compared between the 2 groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed successively to identify the risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the best predictive factor and critical value. According to the findings of previous research, the above analyses were repeated to determine the best predictive factor and critical value respectively in the sex subgroup, fibular morphology subgroup and incisura feature subgroup.Results:The binary logistic regression showed that SA was a risk factor for CLAI combined with SD ( OR=1.196, 95% CI: 1.122 to 1.275, P < 0.001). The ROC curve revealed an area under curve of 0.847 and the difference critical value of 22.06 mm 2 that indicated a sensitivity of 80.4% and a specificity of 78.9%, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that SA was suitable for male and female patients and patients with different fibular morphologies and incisura features but the difference critical values were different. Conclusion:In 3D CT reconstruction, measurement of SA may help the diagnosis of CLAI combined with SD.

Wubeizi(Galla Chinensis)is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in modern clinical practice,which is widely used to treat hemorrhoids,bleeding,mouth ulcers and other diseases.Based on the incopat patent database,the global Galla Chinensis sub-patent search in the past 20 years was conducted,and a total of 8123 related patents were retrieved;Using the basic chart analysis method,the pattern analysis of Galla Chinensis sub-patents was carried out from the aspects of application trend,patent value,technical field,legal status,etc.The analysis results show that the development of Galla Chinensis is in the rapid development stage,Galla Chinensis has in-depth research in the treatment of hemorrhoids,oral ulcers,bleeding,Chinese herbal medicine,Chinese patent medicine and cosmetics are the hot spot of research and development at present,China and South Korea are the main distribution countries of Galla Chinensis patents.The number of Chinese Galla Chinensis patents is large,but the patent quality,value and patent level of the world have a certain gap.In view of the current development trend of Galla Chinensis,there is still a large amount of patent application space in this field.Chinese Galla Chinensis patent applicants can combine their own advantages,development trend and short board to formulate scientific development strategy,thus improving the core competitiveness of Galla Chinensis industry fundamentally.

Objective:To research the efficacy and safety of robotic thyroidectomy and bilateral modified radical neck dissection through bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) .Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 37 patients with thyroid cancer who received bilateral modified radical neck dissection through the BABA at the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery of the 960th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army from Jan. 2014 to Jan. 2023. There were 24 females and 13 males, and the average age of the patients was (33,22±10.53) years old. The tumor diameter, number of lymph node dissection and metastasis in the central and lateral regions, average operation time, average hospital stay, complications, and aesthetic score were recorded. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the measurement data was calculated using mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and the counting data was expressed in percentages and numbers. Results:A total of 37 thyroid cancer patients underwent robotic bilateral regional lymph node dissection. The 37 patients received total thyroidectomy, bilateral central compartment and cervical lateral regional lymph node dissection. All the pathological types were papillary carcinoma, with a maximal tumor diameter of (1.47±0.85) cm. The average number of central lymph nodes dissected was 19.46±8.84, and there were (10.24±5.95) metastases; The average number of lymph nodes removed from the bilateral cervical region was 38.92±14.21, and there were (7.92±5.84) metastases. The average operation time was (288.05±77.09) min, the average length of stay in the hospital was (10.76±3.92) days, and the average length of stay in the hospital following surgery was (8.03±2.08) days. These patients had no permanent hypoparathyroidism, permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, infection, accessory nerve injury and phrenic nerve injury after operation. Transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in 15 patients, transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in 1 patient, and chyle leak occurred in 2 patients. One month after surgery, the aesthetic score was 9.51±0.69.Two patients were found lymph node metastases during the (27.81±15.10) months of follow-up, and received robotic cervical lymph node dissection with BABA.Conclusion:For carefully chosen thyroid cancer patients with bilateral lateral cervical region lymph node metastases, robotic bilateral cervical lymph node regional dissection via BABA is safe and feasible, and good cosmetic results can be obtained.

ObjectiveTo analyze the polarized light microscopic characteristics， the composition of physical phases and their relative contents of Maifanitum from different origins， and to establish the Fourier characteristic fingerprint of Maifanitum powder crystals by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. MethodA total of 26 batches of Maifanitum samples were selected， and the microscopic characteristics of the sample powders and grinding flakes were observed by polarized light microscopy under single polarized light and orthogonal polarized light， and the main phase compositions and their relative contents were analyzed by powder crystal XRD technique， and the XRD Fourier characteristic fingerprint of Maifanitum was established. The incident light source of XRD was Cu target Kβ radiation， the light tube voltage and light tube current were 40 kV and 40 mA， respectively， the divergence slit was 1°， the scattering slit was 1°， the receiving slit was 0.2 mm， the scanning speed was 5°·min^-1 with continuous scanning and scanning range of 5-90°（2θ）， and the step length was 0.02°. ResultThe polarized light micrographs of powders and grinding flakes of Maifanitum were obtained， and the main phases were plagioclase， potassium feldspar and quartz， and a few samples also contained illite， pyrite， iron dolomite， calcite， iron amphibole and chlorite， etc. The relative total content of feldspar phases was 61.9%-82.4%， and the relative content of quartz was 12.6%-33.6%. The XRD Fourier fingerprint analysis method of Maifanitum with 13 common peaks as the characteristic fingerprint information was established， and the similarity calculated by the mean correlation coefficient method was 0.920 9-0.997 7， the similarity calculated by the mean angle cosine method was 0.940 5-0.998 4， the similarity calculated by the median correlation coefficient method was 0.921 1-0.997 5， and the similarity calculated by the median angle cosine method was 0.947 5-0.998 2. ConclusionThe polarized light microscopic identification characteristics of Maifanitum are mainly plagioclase， quartz and potassium feldspar， and the technique of powder crystal XRD Fourier fingerprint analysis can be used for the identification of Maifanitum.

Humans ; Female ; Prevalence ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cancer Survivors ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Liver