This consensus will introduce the characteristics of fillers used in the surgical cavities of domestic nasal surgery patients based on relevant literature and expert opinions. It will also provide recommendations for the selection of cavity fillers for different nasal diseases, with chronic sinusitis as a representative example.
Humans ; Nasal Cavity/surgery* ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; China ; Consensus ; Sinusitis/surgery* ; Dermal Fillers

Noise-induced hearing loss is a worldwide public health issue that is characterized by temporary or permanent changes in hearing sensitivity. This condition is closely linked to inflammatory responses, and interventions targeting the inflammatory gene tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) are known to mitigate cochlear noise damage. TNFα-induced proteins (TNFAIPs) are a family of translucent acidic proteins, and TNFAIP6 has a notable association with inflammatory responses. To date, there have been few reports on TNFAIP6 levels in the inner ear. To elucidate the precise mechanism, we generated transgenic mouse models with conditional knockout of Tnfaip6 (Tnfaip6 cKO). Evaluation of hair cell morphology and function revealed no significant differences in hair cell numbers or ribbon synapses between Tnfaip6 cKO and wild-type mice. Moreover, there were no notable variations in hair cell numbers or hearing function in noisy environments. Our results indicate that Tnfaip6 does not have a substantial impact on the auditory system.
Animals ; Mice, Knockout ; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/pathology* ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology*

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDs) avoid gastrointestinal degradation and hepatic first-pass metabolism, providing good drug bioavailability and patient compliance. One emerging type of TDDs is the wearable patch worn on the skin surface to deliver medication through the skin. They can generally be grouped into passive and active types, depending on the properties of materials, design principles and integrated devices. This review describes the latest advancement in the development of wearable patches, focusing on the integration of stimulus-responsive materials and electronics. This development is deemed to provide a dosage, temporal, and spatial control of therapeutics delivery.

Objective: To create a model for early prediction of essential hypertension (EH) based on the TreeNet algorithm, so as to provide a tool for early monitoring of EH. Methods: The health examination data were collected from individuals receiving health examinations in Hangzhou Haiqin Health Examination Center or Shanghai Yibao Health Management Co., Ltd from 2014 to 2016, and a predictive model for EH was created based on the TreeNet algorithm. The effectiveness of the model for early prediction of EH was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute deviation (MAD), coefficient of determination (R2) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 12 variables were included in the model, and the highest contributing variable was body mass index (BMI), followed by BMI difference, two-year BMI difference, two-year triglyceride (TG) difference, two-year total cholesterol (TC) difference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in 2014, TG in 2014, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in 2014, body weight in 2015, fasting blood glucose in 2015, TG in 2015, urea nitrogen difference and platelet in 2015. The highest predictive accuracy was 100.00%, and the lowest was 56.89%. The risk of EH significantly increased among individuals with BMI in 2015 of >25 kg/m2, two-year BMI difference of >0.5 kg/m2, two-year TG difference ranging from 1.3 to 3.3 mmol/L, TC in 2015 of 2.0 to 2.4 mmol/L and HDL-C in 2014 of <0.52 mmol/L. The model presented RMSE of 0.082, MAD of 0.064, R2 of 0.811, area under the ROC curve of 0.788 (95%CI: 0.741-0.815), sensitivity of 69.05% and specificity of 66.21% for prediction of EH Conclusion The TreeNet algorithm-based model is effective for early monitoring of high-risk individuals for EH.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease of nasal mucosa, currently the consensus has been reached that there is a Th1/Th2 imbalance in AR′s pathogenesis, meanwhile there are defects in the number and/or function of Treg cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have characteristics of multiple differentiation potential, low immunogenicity and immunomodulation function, which can be migrated and implanted into the nasal inflammatory mucosal, recovering the Th1/Th2 immune balance and up-regulate the Treg cells by immunomodulatory function to improve AR. For the present, the treatment of AR by MSCs is basically at the animal experiment stage. This paper reviews the progress of MSCs in AR′s treatment and provides a basis for the clinical treatment of MSCs.

Objective To investigate the radiosensitizing effect of 17AAG-cypate micelles on human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells and its possible mechanism.Methods (1) A single-hit multi-target model formula was used to analyze the radiosensitizing effects of 17AAG-M and 17AAG-cypate-M.(2) The effects of 17AAG-cypate-M on the viability of A549 cells under laser and X-ray irradiation were analyzed by MTT assay.(3) The effect of the drugs on the cell senescence was observed by β-galactosidase staining assay.(4) The effects of different treatment conditions on DNA damage repair were analyzed by γ-H2AX immunofluorescence staining assay.(5) The expression of p-Erk1/2 and p-Akt was measured by Western blot.The paired t test was used for analyzing the differences between groups.Results Compared with the X-ray irradiation group,the X-ray+17AAG-cypate-M group had a lower mean lethal dose and a sensitization enhancement ratio greater than 1,indicating that 17AAG-cypate-M had a radiosensitizing effect.Compared with the 17AAG-M group,the 17AAG-cypate-M group showed significantly lower cell viability (P<0.01),a significantly higher percentage of aging cells (P<0.01),and significantly further delayed DNA damage repair (P<0.01).And the 17AAG-cypate-M group had lower expression of p-Erk1/2 and p-Akt than the 17AAG-M group.Conclusions Compared with 17AAG-M,17AAG-cypate-M has a higher radiosensitizing effect on A549 cells.The mechanism might be inducing the cell senescence,delaying DNA damage repair,and inhibiting the expression of p-Erk1/2 and p-Akt.

Objective To explore the application effect of the surgical concept of accelerated rehabilitation in perioperative care of total laryngectomy.Methods Totally 56 patients with laryngocarcinoma were categorized to the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) group (n=25) and the control group (n=31). Patients in two groups both were given routine care, while patients in ERAS group also were given other procedures such as shortening fasting period, inserting gastric tube, early activity and cultivating patients' self-care ability, etc. Complications, total hospitalization fee, hospitalization time after surgery, satisfaction of patients and self-care ability of patients between two groups were compared.Results There was 1 case of pharyngeal fistula in ERAS group and 2 cases in the control group, there were 4 cases of pulmonary infection in the control group. In ERAS group, the hospitalization time after surgery (13.76±1.48) d and total hospitalization fee (37467±2232) yuan were all lower than those of the control group (t=8.861, 5.980;P<0.01). The satisfaction degree of patients in ERAS group was 88.00%, in the control group was 61.29% (χ2=5.034, P<0.05). The score of self-care ability of patients in ERAS group was (140.10±4.63), which was higher than that of the control group (t=40.594,P<0.01).Conclusions Accelerated rehabilitation can promote the postoperative recovery of patients with total laryngectomy, reduce total hospitalization fee, improve patients' satisfaction, increase patients' self-care abilities and improve patients' quality of life.

Objective To summarize the common causes and types of circuit failure after vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) implantation,and analyze the available methods of resolving these problems.Methods Three patients with postoperative circuit fault in the 97 patients performed VNS implantation for drug refractory epilepsy in our hospital from October 2011 to January 2014,and three patients with postoperative circuit fault performed surgery in other hospitals at the same period were chosen in this study.The causes of circuit failure of these 6 patients were identified by performing system diagnostics and X-ray evaluation.A revision surgery may be necessary if a broken or damaged lead was suspected.Results In these 6 patients of device failure,two patients were due to the disconnection of the lead from the pulse generator;the lead impedance became normal after re-inserting the existing lead connector pins into the pulse generator following proper lead insertion techniques.Four patients performed lead revision surgery to replace or remove the existing lead;in 3 of them,the helices and associated scar tissues were removed from the vagus nerve under the microscope,and a new set of electrodes was placed;in one of them,the lead was transected as much as possible and the distal portion of the lead was severed at the neck following the removal of pulse generator.There were no complications such as hoarse voice,dyspnea,slow rhythm,subcutaneous hematoma or infection after the revision surgery.Five patients were followed up,indicating the devices work normally.Four patients had obvious improvement,and one patient had no significant improvement after the revision surgery.Conclusions The high lead impedance is the main manifestation of circuit failure after vagus nerve stimulator implantation.Surgical exploration is an effective method to identify and resolve these problems.

OBJECTIVE: This article summarizes the matters warranting consideration in adult cochlear implants before and after operation with different deafness causes and investigates the impact of etiological variables that affect hearing and speech ability rehabilitation after cochlear implantation. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative data of 30 adults who have received cochlear implantation, switch on, and periodical post operative mapping. 'Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire' was used for every patient during follow-up and test their hearing thresholds at one year after switched-on. The average score of every patient in the six aspects of questionnaire, along with the average hearing threshold, has been gathered. RESULT: The average hearing threshold of every patient is lower than 35 dBHL. The average score of 28 patients is more than or equal to 75 in the basic sound perception, advanced sound perception as well as self-esteem. The average score of 26 patients is more than or equal to 75 in capacity for action. Besides, as for sociability and speech ability, the average score of 22 patients is more than or equal to 75. CONCLUSION Auditory perception can be greatly improved regardless of deafness causes, on the premise that appropriate candidate is selected. The primary disease should be brought under control before and after the operation. The influence of various causes to the language ability rehabilitation largely depends on the development of the language center at deafness onset. Self-esteem and social identity can be significantly enhanced after cochlear implantation in adult patients, particularly those with acquired deafness.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Auditory Perception ; Cochlear Implantation ; psychology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Self Concept ; Social Identification ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective We will discuss the related factors affecting the rehabilitation efficacy after the opera-tion of adults cochlear implantation .Methods Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire'was adopted .There were questionnaire surveys on 29 adult patients with cochlear implantation .The individual scores and total scores of all subjects were collected together with the personal information ,including age ,bilateral effects and other factors . They were grouped in accordance with different grouping standards of different affecting factors .Results Compared to the communication manner of long -term hearing loss ,the rehabilitation efficacy of the group using lip -reading preoperatively was greater than the group using sign language or writing ;the rehabilitation efficacy of the group with the aggregate time of using CIs more than two years was superior to that similar group of less than two years , and the average P within the group of these two factors was <0 .05 .There was no statistical significance among group comparisons for other factors as the P was >0 .05 .Conclusion Ages ,the bilateral deafness ,and auditory dep-rivation have no obvious effects on the rehabilitation efficacy after the operation .The patients with postlingual deafness can improve their hearing with proper rehabilitation .Lip-reading preoperatively has positive effects on the rehabilitation effica-cy after the operation ;the length of using CIs has become the major factor affecting the rehabilitation efficacy .