This paper introduces Professor Zhang Qingping's clinical experience in treating post-stroke spastic paralysis.In the view of Professor Zhang Qingping,the main pathogenesis of post-stroke spastic paralysis being deficiency of yang qiand malnutrition of meridian-sinew,such diseases can be treated from the perspective of sinew theory.Professor Zhang addressed importance to acupoints selection of yin meridians and therapeutic sequence,and skilled in applying superficial-skin needling and multi-direction needling,she also emphasizes on seizing the opportunity to treat disease and regulating body and mind simultaneously,and obtained certain clinical effects in the treatment of post-stroke spastic paralysis.

This article systematically summarizes the clinical experience of Professor Yang Jun,a nationally renowned traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)physician,in applying refined direct moxibustion(applying a moxibustion pen made by Chinese medical extract)to treat functional dyspepsia(FD)of the stuffiness-fullness type.Based on decades of clinical practice,Professor Yang innovatively established a moxibustion therapy system for FD,which centers on TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment.The system emphasizes the refined identification of epigastric stuffiness and fullness syndrome,particularly focusing on the relative significance of abdominal distension and poor appetite.Its therapeutic features lie in establishing the principle of"prioritizing mind regulation while holistically harmonizing body and spirit",combined with personalized moxibustion dosage control and a unique refined direct moxibustion technique.By optimizing the configuration of each step in moxibustion therapy,the system maximizes therapeutic efficacy,providing novel theoretical foundations and clinical strategies for moxibustion treatment of stuffiness-fullness type of FD.

Objective To analyze and summarize the acupoint selection patterns for acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of chloasma using data mining techniques.Methods Computerized searches were conducted in major databases including the CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,and the Cochrane Library.Clinical research literature on acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of chloasma published between January 1,2003 and August 31,2024 was retrieved.A database for acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of chloasma was established using Microsoft Excel 2019,and SPSS Modeler 18.0,Cytoscape 3.9.1,and SPSS 26.0 were employed to analyze the frequency of acupoint usage,meridian tropism,regional distribution,and specific acupoint categories,as well as to perform association rule analysis and cluster analysis.Results A total of 122 articles were included,involving 185 acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions and 131 acupoints,with a total application frequency of 1 532.High-frequency acupoints included Sanyinjiao(SP6),Zusanli(ST36),Xuehai(SP10),and Hegu(LI4).Commonly used meridians were the spleen meridian of foot-taiyin,stomach meridian of foot-yangming,conception vessel(ren mai),bladder meridian of foot-taiyang,and large intestine meridian of hand-yangming.Specific acupoints were predominantly front-mu points,five-shu points,and lower he-sea points.Acupoints were mostly distributed in the chest/abdomen and lower limbs.Association rule analysis revealed that the core acupoint combination was"Sanyinjiao-Zusanli-Xuehai-Hegu".Cluster analysis classified high-frequency acupoints into five major categories.Conclusion The acupoint selection patterns for acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of chloasma reflect the principle of combining holistic concepts with syndrome differentiation.The core acupoint combination is"Sanyinjiao-Zusanli-Xuehai-Hegu".During treatment,acupoints in the chest/abdomen and lower limbs are frequently selected,often combined with acupoints on the head and face.

This article introduces Professor Yang Jun's clinical experience in treating bronchial asthma using warming needle moxibustion via the governor vessel-unblocking and conception vessel-regulating method.Professor Yang posits that asthma pathogenesis-whether triggered by internal imbalances or external pathogens-ultimately stems from yin-yang disharmony leading to rebellious lung qi and impaired diffusion/descending functions.Thus,restoring dynamic yin-yang balance constitutes the core therapeutic principle.As the governor and conception vessels govern the body's yin-yang regulation,Professor Yang's decades of clinical practice substantiate that"harmonizing these vessels determines life's vitality".His protocol combines warming needle moxibustion with press needles to activate governor-conception vessel functions,achieving five therapeutic effects:(1)yin-yang harmonization,(2)qi movement regulation,(3)meridian unblocking,(4)visceral stabilization,and(5)pathogen elimination,demonstrating remarkable efficacy.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Yishen Huoxue Decoction combined with acupuncture in treating premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.Methods A total of 116 patients diagnosed with POI of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome who attended the outpatient department of Sichuan North Medical College Affiliated Nanchong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between April 2023 and October 2024 were selected as study subjects.Patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table,with 58 cases in each group.The control group received sequential therapy with estrogen and progesterone,while the observation group received Yishen Huoxue Decoction combined with acupuncture in addition to the control group's treatment.The treatment was administered continuously for three menstrual cycles.After three months of treatment,the clinical efficacy of both groups was evaluated.Changes in TCM syndrome scores,serum hormone levels[follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),estradiol(E2),anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH)],immune factors[interleukin-2(IL-2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ)],and protein expression levels of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were observed and compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Safety and adverse reactions were also evaluated.Results(1)The total effective rate was 91.38％(53/58)in the observation group and 74.14％(43/58)in the control group.The efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,TCM syndrome scores were significantly improved in both groups(P＜0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,serum levels of FSH,E2,LH,and AMH were significantly improved in both groups(P＜0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α,and IL-2 were significantly improved in both groups(P＜0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).(5)After treatment,the protein expression levels of PI3K and AKT were significantly improved in both groups(P＜0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly greater than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).(6)During treatment,the incidence of adverse reactions was 10.34％(6/58)in the observation group and 8.62％(5/58)in the control group.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Based on the theory of"waxing and waning transformation of yin and yang",Yishen Huoxue Decoction combined with acupuncture significantly improves clinical symptoms,regulates the immune microenvironment,activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,and effectively enhances ovarian function in patients with POI of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,demonstrating notable clinical efficacy.

The Huangdi Neijing proposes the " using bitter herbs to nourish or purge" theory to guide clinical prescription and formulation of herbal remedies based on the physiological characteristics and functions of the five zang viscera, along with the properties and flavors of medicinal herbs. This study explored diabetic kidney disease pathogenesis and treatment based on the " using bitter herbs to nourish or purge" theory. Kidney dryness is a key pathological factor in diabetic kidney disease, and the disharmony of kidney dryness is an essential aspect of its pathogenesis. Strengthening is the primary therapeutic principle, and kidney dryness is a persistent factor throughout the occurrence and progression of diabetic kidney disease. In the early stage, the pathogenesis involves heat-consuming qi and injuring yin, leading to kidney dryness. In the middle stage, the pathogenesis manifests as qi deficiency and blood stasis in the collaterals, resulting in turbidity owing to kidney dryness. In the late stage, the pathogenesis involves yin and yang deficiency, with kidney dryness and disharmony. This study proposes the staging-based treatment based on the " need for firmness" characteristic of the kidney. The aim is to provide new insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine by rationally using pungent, bitter, and salty medicinal herbs to nourish and moisturize the kidney. This approach seeks to promote precise syndrome differentiation and personalized treatment for different stages of diabetic kidney disease, thereby enhancing clinical efficacy.

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) represents an emerging medical functional imaging technology, which operates by applying safe-to-human excitation currents through surface-mounted electrodes, measuring boundary voltages between electrodes, and selecting appropriate image reconstruction algorithms to visualize resistivity in tomographic cross-sections. Compared to traditional medical imaging techniques, EIT offers non-invasive and radiation-free operation, high sensitivity to tissue resistivity changes, and superior temporal resolution, meeting the real-time requirements of clinical dynamic condition monitoring. This paper comprehensively reviews the research status of brain EIT technology, systematically summarizes its advantages and technical limitations in perioperative applications, and prospectively forecasts future development directions of perioperative brain EIT based on current research foundations and clinical application demands, with the aim of providing methodological references for further optimization and clinical promotion of this technology.
Electric Impedance ; Tomography/methods* ; Humans ; Brain/diagnostic imaging*

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) have become prominent global health threats, escalating the burden on public health systems. The increasing occurrence of invasive fungal infections is due primarily to the extensive application of chemotherapy, immunosuppressive therapies, and broad-spectrum antifungal agents. At present, therapeutic practices utilize multiple categories of antifungal agents, such as azoles, polyenes, echinocandins, and pyrimidine analogs. Nevertheless, the clinical effectiveness of these treatments is progressively weakened by the emergence of drug resistance, thereby substantially restricting their therapeutic utility. Consequently, there is an imperative need to expedite the discovery of novel antifungal agents. This review seeks to present an exhaustive synthesis of novel antifungal drugs and candidate agents that are either under current clinical investigation or anticipated to progress into clinical evaluation. These emerging compounds exhibit unique benefits concerning their modes of action, antimicrobial spectra, and pharmacokinetic characteristics, potentially leading to improved therapeutic outcomes relative to conventional antifungal regimens. It is anticipated that these novel therapeutic agents will furnish innovative treatment modalities and enhance clinical outcomes in managing invasive fungal infections.

As China's population rapidly ages,traditional family-centered and community-based elderly care models face significant challenges.Smaller family structures and greater population mobility have diminished familial care capacity and com-munity-based elderly care is hindered by systemic issues such as insufficient allocation of medical resources,shortages of nursing workforce,imbalances between supply and demand,and variability in service quality.A tertiary general public hospital has ana-lyzed the essential role of Party-building work in innovating and optimizing community and home-based elderly care mechanisms.Through collaboration across various sectors,the hospital has developed a tripartite model characterized by"Party-building gov-ernance,multi-stakeholder coordination,and technology-enhanced service integration,"effectively integrating medical and elder-ly care resources.This has facilitated high-quality development of community-and home-based elderly care services.

Objective To investigate the application value of systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI)in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)and co-infection.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 579 ACLF patients with co-infection who were diagnosed and treated in The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2014 to March 2016,including demographic features,laboratory markers,and complications,and SIRI,Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)score,MELD combined with serum sodium concentration(MELD-Na)score,and Child-Pugh score were calculated.According to the results of follow-up on day 90,the patients were divided into survival group with 210 patients and death group with 369 patients.The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups;the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups;the chi-square test were used for comparison of categorical data between two groups.The binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for 90-day death.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)were used to assess the performance of SIRI,MELD-Na score,and Child-Pugh score in predicting the prognosis of ACLF patients with co-infection.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed based on the optimal cut-off value of SIRI.Results Among the 597 ACLF patients with co-infection,384(66.32%)had HBV-related ACLF and 114(19.69%)had alcohol-related ACLF;as for the main infection sites,316(54.58%)had abdominal infection and 133(22.97%)had pulmonary infection;the 90-day mortality rate was 63.73%.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SIRI(odds ratio[OR]=1.177,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.117-1.239,P<0.05),blood ammonia(OR=1.009,95%CI:1.001-1.018,P<0.05),MELD-Na score(OR=1.047,95%CI:1.016-1.080,P<0.05),Child-Pugh score(OR=1.351,95%CI:1.054-1.730,P<0.05),age(OR=1.045,95%CI:1.021-1.070,P<0.05),comorbidity with hepatic encephalopathy(OR=2.269,95%CI:1.305-3.946,P<0.05),and comorbidity with acute kidney injury(OR=1.730,95%CI:0.990-3.023,P<0.05)were independent risk factors for 90-day death in ACLF patients with co-infection.The Pearson correlation analysis showed that SIRI was positively correlated with MELD-Na score(r=0.282,P<0.001)and Child-Pugh score(r=0.168,P<0.001).SIRI,MELD-Na score,and Child-Pugh score had an AUC of 0.855,0.734,and 0.690,respectively,in predicting 90-day death,and SIRI had a higher predictive efficiency than MELD-Na score and Child-Pugh score(Z=4.922 and 6.289,both P<0.001),with a sensitivity of 76.7%and a specificity of 82.9%.In addition,SIRI combined with MELD-Na score or Child-Pugh score improved the predictive efficiency of MELD-Na score(0.854 vs 0.734,Z=6.899,P<0.001)and Child-Pugh score(0.858 vs 0.690,Z=8.725,P<0.001).The patients with high SIRI(≥4.08)had a 90-day survival rate of 11.29%(36/319),which was significantly lower than that in the patients with low SIRI(<4.08)(χ2=225.24,P<0.001).Conclusion SIRI is an independent risk factor for death in ACLF patients with co-infection and has a good clinical value in predicting prognosis,with the advantages of convenience and low costs.