Objective:To analyze the electroencephalogram(EEG) average relative power spectrum in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression under the eyes-open and eyes-closed resting states.Methods:A total of 38 patients with unipolar depression (UD group), 48 patients with bipolar depression (BD group), and 43 healthy controls (HC group) were recruited from August 2022 to December 2023.The 64-channel EEG was recorded under eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) resting states which alternated twice. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were performed by SPSS 25.0 software. Results:There were no significant differences in the average relative power of delta and beta bands among the UD, BD and HC groups in all EO and EC states (all P>0.05). The average relative power of theta band in the three groups showed statistically significant differences in all EO and EC states ( H=7.852-12.583, all P<0.05). Further pairwise comparisons showed that in the first EO and EC stage, the average relative power of theta band of the UD and BD groups were significantly higher than that of the HC group (EO1: 0.18(0.17, 0.21), 0.19(0.16, 0.21), 0.16(0.14, 0.18), EC1: 0.15(0.13, 0.21), 0.15(0.13, 0.20), 0.13(0.10, 0.16); all P<0.05).In the second EO and EC stage, the average relative power of theta band of the BD group was significantly higher than that of the HC group (EO2: 0.18(0.15, 0.22), 0.16(0.14, 0.18), EC2: 0.15(0.13, 0.19), 0.13(0.11, 0.16); both P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the average relative power of alpha band among the three groups in the first EO and EC stage, as well as the second EC stage ( H=5.027-10.668, all P<0.05). Further pairwise comparisons showed that in the first EO stage, the average relative power of alpha band in the BD group was significantly higher than that in the UD group (0.20(0.16, 0.25), 0.14(0.11, 0.22), P=0.003), and in the following EC stages, the average relative power of alpha band in the UD group was significantly lower than that in the HC group (EC1: 0.40(0.33, 0.46), 0.51(0.40, 0.58), EC2: 0.41(0.35, 0.50), 0.48(0.43, 0.58); both P<0.05). Conclusion:At the initial stage of the resting state, both unipolar and bipolar depression patients demonstrate abnormal theta band activity under the eyes-open and eyes-closed states, while the alpha band activity under the eyes-open condition differs between the two groups of patients. These findings may provide potentially objective biomarkers to assist the diagnosis of unipolar and bipolar depression patients in clinical settings.

Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)refers to a condition in women where ovarian function declines prematurely before the age of 40,leading to disruptions in the menstrual cycle and impaired fertility.Professor He Chengyao,based on the theory of yin and yang,formulates the theory of nourishing essence and fostering ovarian function,and accordingly invented a distinctive gynecological formula for menstrual regulation.This formula is designed to modulate the menstrual cycle and augment the pregnancy rate.Professor He is adept at treating female reproductive system disorders from the perspective of fundamental physiology and also attaches significant importance to syndrome differentiation of the internal organs.Based on Professor He's clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment methodology,this article explored the pathogenic mechanism of premature ovarian insufficiency and accomplished flexible syndrome differentiation and treatment for this disorder.

Objective:To analyze the electroencephalogram(EEG) average relative power spectrum in patients with unipolar and bipolar depression under the eyes-open and eyes-closed resting states.Methods:A total of 38 patients with unipolar depression (UD group), 48 patients with bipolar depression (BD group), and 43 healthy controls (HC group) were recruited from August 2022 to December 2023.The 64-channel EEG was recorded under eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) resting states which alternated twice. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were performed by SPSS 25.0 software. Results:There were no significant differences in the average relative power of delta and beta bands among the UD, BD and HC groups in all EO and EC states (all P>0.05). The average relative power of theta band in the three groups showed statistically significant differences in all EO and EC states ( H=7.852-12.583, all P<0.05). Further pairwise comparisons showed that in the first EO and EC stage, the average relative power of theta band of the UD and BD groups were significantly higher than that of the HC group (EO1: 0.18(0.17, 0.21), 0.19(0.16, 0.21), 0.16(0.14, 0.18), EC1: 0.15(0.13, 0.21), 0.15(0.13, 0.20), 0.13(0.10, 0.16); all P<0.05).In the second EO and EC stage, the average relative power of theta band of the BD group was significantly higher than that of the HC group (EO2: 0.18(0.15, 0.22), 0.16(0.14, 0.18), EC2: 0.15(0.13, 0.19), 0.13(0.11, 0.16); both P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the average relative power of alpha band among the three groups in the first EO and EC stage, as well as the second EC stage ( H=5.027-10.668, all P<0.05). Further pairwise comparisons showed that in the first EO stage, the average relative power of alpha band in the BD group was significantly higher than that in the UD group (0.20(0.16, 0.25), 0.14(0.11, 0.22), P=0.003), and in the following EC stages, the average relative power of alpha band in the UD group was significantly lower than that in the HC group (EC1: 0.40(0.33, 0.46), 0.51(0.40, 0.58), EC2: 0.41(0.35, 0.50), 0.48(0.43, 0.58); both P<0.05). Conclusion:At the initial stage of the resting state, both unipolar and bipolar depression patients demonstrate abnormal theta band activity under the eyes-open and eyes-closed states, while the alpha band activity under the eyes-open condition differs between the two groups of patients. These findings may provide potentially objective biomarkers to assist the diagnosis of unipolar and bipolar depression patients in clinical settings.

Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)refers to a condition in women where ovarian function declines prematurely before the age of 40,leading to disruptions in the menstrual cycle and impaired fertility.Professor He Chengyao,based on the theory of yin and yang,formulates the theory of nourishing essence and fostering ovarian function,and accordingly invented a distinctive gynecological formula for menstrual regulation.This formula is designed to modulate the menstrual cycle and augment the pregnancy rate.Professor He is adept at treating female reproductive system disorders from the perspective of fundamental physiology and also attaches significant importance to syndrome differentiation of the internal organs.Based on Professor He's clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment methodology,this article explored the pathogenic mechanism of premature ovarian insufficiency and accomplished flexible syndrome differentiation and treatment for this disorder.

Objective To study the mechanism of single Chinese medicine and compound in the treatment for sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods We searched Pubmed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang and other databases,to find out relevant literature on the treatment of SPID and their mechanism of herbal medicine since the etablishment of the database to March 2023,and summarized the literatures.Results A total of 428 literatures were included,from the included literature,we screened reports on the mechanism of of single Chinese medicine and compound in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease,including regulating the secretion level of cytokines and inflammatory mediators,promoting the apoptosis of inflammatory cells,inhibiting lipid peroxidation,inhibiting tissue fiber,improving blood circulation,regulating metabolic pathways and cell signal transduction,and regulating immunity etc.Conclusion To conduct in-depth research on the mechanism of action of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease and to provide reference for the development of new drugs of SPID.

The fungus Xylaria sp. KYJ-15 was isolated from Illigera celebica. Based on the one strain many compounds (OSMAC) strategy, the strain was fermented on potato and rice solid media, respectively. As a result, two novel steroids, xylarsteroids A (1) and B (2), which are the first examples of C₂₈-steroid with an unusual β- and γ-lactone ring, respectively, along with two new dihydroisocoumarin glycosides, xylarglycosides A (3) and B (4), were identified. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) experiments. All isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antimicrobial effect. Compound 1 exhibited potent AChE inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 2.61 ± 0.05 μmol·L^-1. The β-lactone ring unit of 1 is critical for its AChE inhibitory activity. The finding was further confirmed through exploring the interaction of 1 with AChE by molecular docking. In addition, both compounds 1 and 2 exhibited obvious antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 μg·mL^-1. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus with MICs of 4 and 2 μg·mL^-1, respectively, which also exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity comparable to the positive control with IC₅₀ values of 9.2 ± 0.03 and 13.3 ± 0.01 μmol·L^-1, respectively.
Humans ; Acetylcholinesterase ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Glycosides ; Lactones ; Pain

Objective To explore the clinical effects of modified pedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps(PMMFs) in repairing postoperative defects following head and neck malignant tumor radical operation.Methods Twenty-eight patients with surgical defects after head and neck malignant tumor operation in this hospital from September 2013 to January 2017 were selected and performed the repairing reconstruction by modified PMMFs,then observed and followed up for the survival of the flaps.Results All 28 cases were followed-up for 3-36 months,all modified PMMFs survived.Using modified PMMFs to repair surgical defects following head and neck malignant tumor operation had the advantages of high survival rate and less trauma;meanwhile the swallow and language function could obtain the maximal recovery.Conclusion Using modified PMMFs to repair surgical defects following head and neck malignant tumor operation has good clinical curative effect and is worth clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mediated by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 on liverinjury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7-9 weeks,weighing 210-260 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each):sham operation group (group S),intestinal I/R group (group I/R) and PEP-1/HO-1 group (group HO).To establish a model of intestinal I/R,intestines were exteriorized and the superior mesenteric artery was exposed and occluded for 45 min ischemia,and then the clamp was removed for 120 min reperfusion.The PEP-1/HO-1 fusion protein 0.5 mg was injectedvia ihe left iliac vein 30 min prior to ischemia in group HO.The superior mesenteric artery was only exposed but not occluded in group S.At the end of reperfusion,blood samples were collected from the right common carotid artery for measurement of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities.The rats were then sacrificed and livers were removed for microscopic examination and for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in livertissues.Results Compared with group S,serum AST and ALT activities and MDA content in liver tissues were significantly increased,while SOD activity in liver tissues was decreased in groups I/R and HO (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,serum AST and ALT activities and MDA content in liver tissues were significantly decreased,while SOD activity in liver tissues was increased in group HO (P ＜0.05).Liver injury induced by intestinal I/R was significantly attenuated in group HO compared with group I/R (P ＜ 0.05).Conciusioon HO-1 protein mediated by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 can attenuate liver injury induced by intestinalI/R in rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of repeated intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine on the cognitive function in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia.Methods Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 3-4months,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =12 each) ∶ sham operation group (group S),chronic cerebral ischemia group (group IS),dexmedetomidine treatment 1 group (group DXM1) and dexmedetomidine treatment 2 group (group DXM2).Dexmedetomidine 5 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally at 30 min before occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries and 3,12,24 and 48 h after occlusion in group DXM1,and at 3,12,24 and 48 h after occlusion in group DXM2.The cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze 2 weeks after occlusion.The apoptosis was examined by TUNEL.The expression of Bcl-2 protein in hippocampus was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group S,the escape latency was significantly prolonged from 2nd day to 5th day after the place navigation test in group IS and on 2nd day after Morris water maze test in groups DXM1 and DXM2,and the time of staying in 1 st quadrant was significantly shortened,the apoptotic rate was increased,and the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in groups IS,DXM1 and DXM2 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group IS,the escape latency was significantly shortened from 3rd day to 5th day after the place navigation

Objective To investigate the protective effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mediated by cell penetrating peptide PEP-1 on myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in isolated rat hearts. Methods Healthy male SD rats weighing 220-280 g were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital. Their hearts were excised and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with K-H solution saturated with 95%O2-5% CO2 at 37 ℃. Eighteen isolated rat hearts were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 6 each): Ⅰ group sham operation (group S);Ⅱ group IR and Ⅲ group PEP-1/HO-1 + IR (group HO-1). The isolated rat hearts were perfused with an oxygena-ted (95% O2-5% CO2 ) K-H solution at 37 ℃ in a Langendorff apparatus and were subjected to 40 min of global ischemia followed by 50 min of reperfusion after 30 min of stabilization. In group Ⅲ (group HO- 1 ) the isolated hearts were perfused with 50 μmol/L PEP-1/HO-1 for 15 min before ischemia. After 50 min of reperfusion, HO-1expression, MDA content and SOD activity in myocardial tissues were determined. The activities of creatine kinase (CK) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in coronary effluent fluid were measured. Results The HO- 1 expression was significanfly higher in HO-1 group than in group IR. IR induced significant increase in MDA content and decrease in SOD activity in myocardium and CK and LDH activities in coronary effluent in group Ⅱ compared with group S. PEP-1/HO-1 significantly attenuated IR-induced changes. Conciusion HO-1 mediated by PEP-1 has protective effects on myocardium ngainst IR injury in rats.