Objective To investigate the effects of icariin on myocardial cell apoptosis and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad3 signaling pathway in rats with septic myocardial damage.Methods A septic myocardial damage model was established in SD rats via intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide.The rats with septic myocardial damage were randomly divided into model,low-dose icariin,high-dose icariin,and high-dose icariin+SRI-011381 groups(n=10 per group).An additional 10 rats that received intraperi-toneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline served as the control group.The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP)were detected using ultrasound instrument.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was used to detect the morphology of myocardial tissue.Trans-mission electron microscopy was used to measure the ultrastructure of myocardial tissue.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum markers of myocardial damage including cardiac troponin T(cTnT)and creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB(CK-MB)and inflammatory cytokines including interlenkin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α).Western blotting was performed to assess the expression of TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway-related proteins in the myocardial tissue of rats in each group.Results Compared with the control group,LVEDD,LVESD,myocardial pathological score,myocardial cell apoptosis rate,the cTnT,CK-MB,IL-6,and TNF-α levels,TGF-β1 protein expression,and p-Smad3/Smad3 in the model group were higher(P＜0.05),while LVEF and LVSP were lower(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the pathological indictors of rats in the low-and high-dose icariin groups were improved,and high-dose icariin had a stronger effect.SRI-011381 could weaken the improvement effect of icariin on various pathological indicators in rats with septic myocardial damage.Conclusion Icariin can inhibit the inflammatory response in rats with sepsis by blocking the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway,thereby reducing myocardial cell apoptosis and myocardial damage.

Objective:To explore the application of the suspension culture method in pancreatic cancer organoid construction.Methods:Cell suspensions obtained from 8 pancreatic cancer tissue samples at the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University between July 2023 and March 2024, were prepared by digested pancreatic cancer tumor tissues using mixed enzymes, inoculated into ultra-low adsorption culture plates for suspension culture, and when the organoids were cultured to a certain size, passaging and freezing were initiated, and their structural morphology was observed by inverted microscope. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed that pancreatic cancer organoids were lumpy or irregularly tubular, with obvious nuclear atypia, and were remarkably similar in tissue structure to pancreatic cancer tissue.Results:Among the 8 pancreatic cancer tissue samples, pancreatic cancer organoids were successfully constructed in three patients, and HE staining showed that pancreatic cancer organoids had a high degree of structural similarity with tumor tissues. Immunohistochemistry suggested that CK7, CK19, P53, and Ki-67 were expressed in the pancreatic cancer organoids and tumor tissues of case origin in more or less the same way.Conclusion:The suspension culture method is able to construct pancreatic cancer-like organs that are approximately the same as the originating tumor tissues at the tissue level.

Objective To investigate the effects of icariin on myocardial cell apoptosis and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad3 signaling pathway in rats with septic myocardial damage.Methods A septic myocardial damage model was established in SD rats via intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide.The rats with septic myocardial damage were randomly divided into model,low-dose icariin,high-dose icariin,and high-dose icariin+SRI-011381 groups(n=10 per group).An additional 10 rats that received intraperi-toneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline served as the control group.The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP)were detected using ultrasound instrument.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was used to detect the morphology of myocardial tissue.Trans-mission electron microscopy was used to measure the ultrastructure of myocardial tissue.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum markers of myocardial damage including cardiac troponin T(cTnT)and creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB(CK-MB)and inflammatory cytokines including interlenkin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α).Western blotting was performed to assess the expression of TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway-related proteins in the myocardial tissue of rats in each group.Results Compared with the control group,LVEDD,LVESD,myocardial pathological score,myocardial cell apoptosis rate,the cTnT,CK-MB,IL-6,and TNF-α levels,TGF-β1 protein expression,and p-Smad3/Smad3 in the model group were higher(P＜0.05),while LVEF and LVSP were lower(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the pathological indictors of rats in the low-and high-dose icariin groups were improved,and high-dose icariin had a stronger effect.SRI-011381 could weaken the improvement effect of icariin on various pathological indicators in rats with septic myocardial damage.Conclusion Icariin can inhibit the inflammatory response in rats with sepsis by blocking the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway,thereby reducing myocardial cell apoptosis and myocardial damage.

Objective:To explore the application of the suspension culture method in pancreatic cancer organoid construction.Methods:Cell suspensions obtained from 8 pancreatic cancer tissue samples at the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University between July 2023 and March 2024, were prepared by digested pancreatic cancer tumor tissues using mixed enzymes, inoculated into ultra-low adsorption culture plates for suspension culture, and when the organoids were cultured to a certain size, passaging and freezing were initiated, and their structural morphology was observed by inverted microscope. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed that pancreatic cancer organoids were lumpy or irregularly tubular, with obvious nuclear atypia, and were remarkably similar in tissue structure to pancreatic cancer tissue.Results:Among the 8 pancreatic cancer tissue samples, pancreatic cancer organoids were successfully constructed in three patients, and HE staining showed that pancreatic cancer organoids had a high degree of structural similarity with tumor tissues. Immunohistochemistry suggested that CK7, CK19, P53, and Ki-67 were expressed in the pancreatic cancer organoids and tumor tissues of case origin in more or less the same way.Conclusion:The suspension culture method is able to construct pancreatic cancer-like organs that are approximately the same as the originating tumor tissues at the tissue level.

Objective: To investigate whether differences exist in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and intelligence between children born by cesarean delivery and those born by vaginal delivery. Methods: This retrospective study included singleton children that were born between January 2013 and December 2014. The Chinese version of the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale–Revised (CPRS-48) was required on the probability of psychological and behavioral problems. The China–Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (C-WIRS) was used for evaluation of crystallized intelligence and Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices for evaluation of fluid intelligence. Results: A total of 10,568 valid questionnaires were obtained. CPRS-48 ADHD index and detection rate were higher in cesarean delivery group than those in vaginal delivery group. Cesarean delivery groups had a lower performance intelligence quotient score according to C-WISC. Conclusion Children born by cesarean delivery were more likely to have a risk of ADHD and a lower performance intelligence quotient compared with those born by vaginal delivery.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the effect of hydrogel loaded with exosomes from Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell (WJMSC) on wound healing. METHODS: Exosomes were extracted from WJMSC, and the morphology and size of WJMSC-derived exosomes (WEX) were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle size analyzer, respectively. The surface markers CD9, CD81, and Calnexin of WEX were detected by Western blotting. Exosome-loaded alginate hydrogel (WEX-gel) was prepared; its morphology was studied by scanning electron microscope, and its rheological behavior was examined by a rheometer. The in vitro drug release performance of WEX-gel was investigated by BCA method. RAW264.7 cells were treated with alginate hydrogel, WEX and WEX-gel, respectively; and the expression of CD86 and CD206 in macrophages was detected by flow cytometry. A full-thickness skin wound model was established in mice; the model mice were randomly divided into blank control group, WEX control group and WEX-gel group, and PBS, WEX and WEX-gel were applied to the wound area of mice, respectively. On day 3, the skin tissue of mice was excised, and the antibacterial effect of WEX hydrogel was evaluated by plate counting. On day 15, the mice were euthanized and the percentage of residual wounds was calculated. The histological changes of the skin wound were observed after hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson stainings. The expression of CD86, CD206, CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the skin wound tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Exosomes were successfully extracted from WJMSC. WEX-gel presented a regular three-dimensional network structure, good rheology and controlled drug release performance. WEX-gel promoted the polarization of RAW264.7 cells from the M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype in vitro. The residual wound percentage in blank control group, WEX control group and WEX-gel group were (27.5±3.4)%, (15.3±1.2)% and (7.6±1.1)%, respectively (P<0.05). The antibacterial property of WEX-gel is better than that of WEX (P<0.05). The dermis thickness, the number of new hair follicles, and the rate of collagen deposition in the WEX-gel group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (all P<0.05). The expression of CD206, CD31 and VEGF in skin wound tissue was higher and the expression of CD86 was lower in WEX-gel group than those in other two groups (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS WEX-gel can significantly promote wound healing in mice by regulating the polarization of macrophages.
Mice ; Animals ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Wharton Jelly ; Exosomes ; Hydrogels ; Wound Healing/physiology* ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Alginates

Objective: To evaluate the effect and mechanism of down-regulating the expression of REV7 on the radiosensitivity of human colon cancer cell HCT116. Methods: HCT116 cells were cultured and the expression of REV7 was down-regulated by RNA interference technique. HCT116 cells were divided into the blank group, negative control transfected with negative RNA oligo group and REV7 expression down-regulation transfected with REV7 RNA oligo group, respectively. The cell proliferation was determined by colony formation assay. The expression levels of the proteins of relevant genes were detected by Western blot. The level of cell apoptosis and non-homologous end joining was evaluated. Results: The colony formation rate was significantly reduced in THE REV7 siRNA group after 6Gy irradiation (P<0.05). The down-regulating efficiency rate of REV7 gene was>60% in the REV7 siRNA group. The expression levels of γH₂AX and Caspase9 were significantly up-regulated, whereas those of KU80 and XRCC4 were remarkably down-regulated in the REV7 siRNA group (all P<0.05). Conclusions The radiosensitivity of human colon cancer cell HCT116 can be increased by down-regulating the expression of REV7. The underlying mechanism may be related to the lower incidence rate of non-homologous end joining.

Objective:To evaluate the inhibitory effect of 5 Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients baicalin, andrographolide, hes-peridin, polyphenols and daidzein on the activity of carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) and carboxylesterase 2 (CES2). Methods: The spe-cial probes respectively for CES1 and CES2, namely imidapril and CPT-11, imidaprilat and SN-38, were used to investigate the poten-tial effect of the above drugs on CES1 and CES2 in rat liver microsomes incubation system. Results:Compared with that in the control group, the activity of CES1 and CES2 was not significantly influenced by the above 5 Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients ( P <0. 05). Conclusion:Baicalin, andrographolide, hesperidin, polyphenols and daidzein exhibit no inhibitory effect against CES1 and CES2, and further studies should be conducted to confirm the effect in vivo.

Objective To investigate the compatible stability of alanylglutamine by using continuous series infusion device,and provide experimental evidence for reasonable clinical use of alanylglutamine. Methods pH,osmolality and quantity of insoluble particles were measured by using pH meter, automatic freezing osmometer and intelligent particle detector respectively.A HPLC method was built for the determination of the content of alanylglutamine. Results pH and quantity of insoluble particles of the two tested groups did not change significantly over time. Osmolality and the content of alanylglutamine fluctuated greatly in the first half an hour. Conclusion Continuous series infusion device may not mix each bottle of solution very well.It is suggested to premix these solutions to ensure the stability of the dilution ratio and the osmotic pressure of the mixture in the process of the infusion.

With the advent of bezoar substitutes, bezoar compound has been widely used in clinics. Bezoar is commonly applied in the traditional prescriptions for emergency. Due to the complex compositions and difficult soluble constituents, the prescriptions show the disadvantages of low bioavailability and slow onset in clinical application, and the effectiveness is usually related with the adminis-tration route and characteristics of dosage form of the preparations. The exiting bezoar compound and its new dosage forms were summa-rized in the paper, and the existing bezoar compound preparations were stated according to the characteristics of dosage forms and com-pound clinical application in order to promote the development and application of bezoar new dosage forms.