Helicobacter pylori(Hp)is a major pathogen that causes peptic ulcer,mucosa-associated tissue lymphoma and gastric cancer.Adhesion colonization is a prerequisite for the pathogenesis of Hp.After infec-tion,Hp first uses urease to neutralize gastric acid,and then it adapts to the environment through motility and chemotactic swimming of flagella.Finally,Hp adheres to gastric epithelial cells through outer membrane pro-teins.Some outer membrane proteins have the biological effect of transporting virulence factors,mediating in-flammation and assisting Hp to produce pathological changes on human body.This paper reviews the mecha-nism of main colonization factors of Hp.

Objective To explore the role and potential mechanisms of plasma-activated solution(PAS)in alleviating dextran sulfate sodium salt(DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis.Methods We constructed a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model and evaluated the effect of PAS in vivo by observing mouse weight,calculating disease activity indexes,detecting inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators through ELISA.We also evaluated the effect of PAS on colon cell proliferation and migration ability through clone formation experiments,scratch experiments,and used Western blotting to determine the expression levels of proliferation-related proteins.Results PAS significantly reversed DSS-induced weight loss and increased disease activity indexes in mice(P＜0.05).The serum inflammatory cytokine levels(TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β)in PAS group were significantly reduced compared to those in DSS group(P＜0.05).PAS treatment could improve the imbalance of colonic redox homeostasis including changes of malondialdehyde,catalase and superoxide dismutase caused by DSS(P＜0.05).After the use of endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitors,changes in various indicators caused by in vivo PAS disappeared(P＜0.001).The clone formation ability of colon cells was stronger in the group treated with PAS,and the expression of proliferation-related proteins increased.Cell scratch experiments suggested that intervention with PAS could reverse the decrease in cell migration ability caused by lipopolysaccharide(P＜0.001).After the application of endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitors,the pro-proliferative and migratory effects of PAS disappeared(P＜0.05).Conclusion PAS alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice and promote colonic epithelial cell repair through the eNOS pathway.

Objective To explore the application of plasma-activated solution(PAS)in the treatment of peritoneal metastasis in mice.Methods A mice model of peritoneal tumor transplantation was established,and PAS was prepared for intervention in the mice.The growth of the peritoneally transplanted tumor was assessed using in vivo imaging technology,while the apoptosis level was evaluated through flow cytometry,immunofluorescence,and Western blotting.Results At the in vitro level,there was no significant impact on tumor cell apoptosis level under adherent conditions observed when utilizing PAS(P＞0.05).Under non-adherent condition,PAS significantly augmented tumor cell apoptosis level(P＜0.05),substantially increased the proportion of deceased cells(P＜0.05),and markedly elevated intracellular total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels(P＜0.05).In vivo level,using PAS following peritoneal transplanted tumor formation exhibited no noteworthy influence on peritoneal transplanted tumor growth(P＞0.05),while immediate utilization of PAS during model conducting effectively reduced abdominal tumor spread(P＜0.05).Conclusion PAS inhibits tumor peritoneal dissemination in mice by promoting tumor cell anoikis.

Objective To explore the role and potential mechanisms of plasma-activated solution(PAS)in alleviating dextran sulfate sodium salt(DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis.Methods We constructed a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model and evaluated the effect of PAS in vivo by observing mouse weight,calculating disease activity indexes,detecting inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators through ELISA.We also evaluated the effect of PAS on colon cell proliferation and migration ability through clone formation experiments,scratch experiments,and used Western blotting to determine the expression levels of proliferation-related proteins.Results PAS significantly reversed DSS-induced weight loss and increased disease activity indexes in mice(P＜0.05).The serum inflammatory cytokine levels(TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β)in PAS group were significantly reduced compared to those in DSS group(P＜0.05).PAS treatment could improve the imbalance of colonic redox homeostasis including changes of malondialdehyde,catalase and superoxide dismutase caused by DSS(P＜0.05).After the use of endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitors,changes in various indicators caused by in vivo PAS disappeared(P＜0.001).The clone formation ability of colon cells was stronger in the group treated with PAS,and the expression of proliferation-related proteins increased.Cell scratch experiments suggested that intervention with PAS could reverse the decrease in cell migration ability caused by lipopolysaccharide(P＜0.001).After the application of endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitors,the pro-proliferative and migratory effects of PAS disappeared(P＜0.05).Conclusion PAS alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice and promote colonic epithelial cell repair through the eNOS pathway.

Objective To explore the application of plasma-activated solution(PAS)in the treatment of peritoneal metastasis in mice.Methods A mice model of peritoneal tumor transplantation was established,and PAS was prepared for intervention in the mice.The growth of the peritoneally transplanted tumor was assessed using in vivo imaging technology,while the apoptosis level was evaluated through flow cytometry,immunofluorescence,and Western blotting.Results At the in vitro level,there was no significant impact on tumor cell apoptosis level under adherent conditions observed when utilizing PAS(P＞0.05).Under non-adherent condition,PAS significantly augmented tumor cell apoptosis level(P＜0.05),substantially increased the proportion of deceased cells(P＜0.05),and markedly elevated intracellular total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels(P＜0.05).In vivo level,using PAS following peritoneal transplanted tumor formation exhibited no noteworthy influence on peritoneal transplanted tumor growth(P＞0.05),while immediate utilization of PAS during model conducting effectively reduced abdominal tumor spread(P＜0.05).Conclusion PAS inhibits tumor peritoneal dissemination in mice by promoting tumor cell anoikis.

This study overviewed equivalence demonstration, the principles for the selection of comparative devices, the difficulties in equivalence demonstration, and the equivalence demonstration of special medical devices. In addition, the concept of equivalence demonstration was adopted for the products exempted from clinical evaluation, and there were many confusion in actual use. The operation points and difficult points of equivalence demonstration for the products exempted from clinical evaluation were introduced in order to provide reference for medical device colleagues.

Objective:To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA Wilms tumor 1 associated protein pseudogene 1(WTAPP1)on the proliferation,invasion,migration and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway of nephroblastoma cells. Methods:Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative expression level of WTAPP1 in 48 cases of nephroblastoma tumor tissues and their matched adjacent tissues,human nephroblastoma cells(SK-NEP-1)and normal renal epithelial cells(PCS-400-01 0,PCS-400-011 and PCS-400-01 2).The clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of nephroblastoma patients with high or low WTAPP1 expression of were analyzed and compared.SK-NEP-1 cells were infected with lentivirus carrying the full-length WTAPP]gene(WTAPP1 overexpression)or shRNA targeting WTAPP1(shWTAPP1).Then,colony formation assay and CCK-8 assay were used to assess the proliferation of SK-NEP-1 cells,wound healing assay and Transwell assay were used to evaluate the migration and invasion activity of SK-NEP-1 cells respectively,and Western blotting was used to examine the relative expression levels of Wnt3a,β-catenin,C-myc and Survivin proteins. Results:The relative expression level of WTAPP1 in cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues(P＜0.05).The relative expression level of WTAPP1 in SK-NEP-1 cells was higher than that in normal renal epithelial cells(PCS-400-01 0,PCS-400-01 1 and PCS-400-01 2;P＜0.05).WTAPP1 expression was associated with the clinical stages of nephroblastoma(P＜0.05)but not with the age,gender,tumor diameter or lymph node metastasis of nephroblastoma patients(all P＞0.05).The 5-year survival rate of WTAPP1-high patients was significantly lower than that of WTAPP1-low patients(P＜0.05).The proliferation,migration and invasion activities of SK-NEP-1 cells were significantly increased after WTAPP1 overexpression(all P＜0.05)while decreased after WTAPP1 silencing(all P＜0.05).The relative expression levels of Wnt3a,β-catenin,C-myc and Survivin proteins were significantly upregulated after WTAPP1 overexpression(all P＜0.05)while decreased after WTAPP1 silencing(all P＜0.05). Conclusion:WTAPP1 is correlated with the clinical stages and prognosis of nephroblastoma patients and may promote the proliferation,invasion and migration of tumor cells by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

【Objective】 To investigate the potential genes and pathways associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma through microarray expression profiling data analysis and bioinformatics approaches. 【Methods】 The mRNA expression microarray data related to esophageal adenocarcinoma development were screened out with GEO database, and the biological processes, signaling pathways and network of these genes were statistically analyzed using "R" software. 【Results】 The GSE26886 was obtained from GEO database. A total of 1383 differentially expressed genes were associated with carcinogenesis of esophageal adenocarcinoma, including 607 up-regulated and 776 down-regulated genes. These genes were involved in metabolism, stimulate responses, cell adhesion, cell regeneration and immune biological processes. Eight significantly enriched pathways were identified by pathway analysis. 【Conclusion】 The bioinformatic method can analyze the gene chip data effectively. Multiple genes and signaling pathways are involved in the carcinogenesis of esophageal adenocarcinoma, which provides a new idea or approach for exploring biomarkers of early screening and therapeutic targets.

OBJECTIVETo screen the genes related to cell cycle under regulation by KIAA0101 in gastric cancer.

METHODSRT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of KIAA0101 gene in gastric cancer tissue and paired adjacent tissues. GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out using DAVID database. KEGG was used to map the pathways and the corresponding genes were analyzed. The list of genes associated with the KIAA0101 expression pattern was imported into TCGA cBioPortal to analyze the relationship between the interacting genes and generate a genetic topology map. The candidate genes were screened by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe expression level of KIAA0101 mRNA was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in paired adjacent tissues (1.104 ± 0.379 0.421 ± 0.172; =0.0179). The system screened genes related with KIAA0101 from 478 tissues by pooled analysis of the expression intensity of all the gene probes. GO function analysis showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in protein phosphorylation, RNA processing, cell cycle, DNA metabolism, protein transport, acetylation, apoptosis, proteolysis, and redox. The changes in the expression level of KIAA0101 mainly affect the gastric cancer-related pathways including cell cycle, spliceosome, DNA replication, and p53 signal transduction pathway. KEGG pathway maps and gene topology maps showed that the genes related to KIAA0101 (such as BUB1B, MAD2L1, CDC45, CDK1, CCNE1 and CCNB2) were also related to cell cycle. RT-PCR results confirmed significant increments of the expression levels of BUB1B, MAD2L, CDK1, CCNE1, and CCNB2 mRNA in gastric cancer tissues as compared with the paired adjacent gastric tissues ( < 0.05), but CDC45 mRNA did not show significant differential expression in gastric cancer tissues ( > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSKIAA0101 may affect cell cycle by regulating the expression of BUB1B, MAD2L1, CDK1, CCNE1 and CCNB2, and this finding may provide evidence for understanding how KIAA0101 affects cell cycle and for screening of tumor markers and selection of drug targets.

BACKGROUND:The repairing of bone defect near joint in long bone resulting from complicated comminuted fracture or excision of bone tumor is very difficult. It is a much studied issue to find a feasible solution to this problem.OBJECTIVE: To explore a feasible treatment to bone defect near joint in long bone through comparative observation of 3 reconstruction methods.DESIGN: A completely randomized experiment with self-control and mutual control.SETTING: Laboratory for Experimental Animals, First Hospital of Jilin University.MATERIALS: Twelve healthy adult hybrid dogs, 5 males and 7 females weighing 12 to 18 kg, were recruited.METHODS: The bone defects near joints were established in upper femoral condyle in the 12 dogs, which were reconstructed by 3 operation styles: only filling with bone cement, filling with bone cement + autogenous ilium bone graft, and filling with bone cement + autogenous ilium bone graft + fixation with L-trapezoid compression plate. There was one dog in each method. The specimens were harvested at the end of weeks 3, 6, 12and 24, respectively, after operation. One week before specimens were harvested the fluorescent labeling was prepared; we conducted vascular perfusion of disulphine blue before the animals were executed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A series of examinations were carried out, including X-ray film, biomechanical test, intravascular perfusion and tetracycline fluorescent labeling. The bone healing, blood supply recovery and biomechanics were observed in the three groups.RESULTS: The 12 dogs all entered the result analysis. ① Results of Xray examination: Two cases of fracture occurred in experimental side at 6and 12 weeks in group Ⅰ; one case of fracture occurred in experimental side at 6 weeks in group Ⅱ. No fracture happened in group Ⅲ. ② Bone stiffness assayed with biomechanics: It decreased in experimental side as compared to control side by 67% and 70% in group Ⅰ; 66%, 76% and 46% in group Ⅱ; and 8% in group Ⅲ. ③ Specimen observation after operation: Bone formation, callus, and blood supply recovery were significantly better in group Ⅲ than in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ at all stages.CONCLUSION: The third operation, filling with bone cement + autogenous ilium bone graft + fixation with L-trapezoid compression plate, is an ideal method of bone reconstruction. It can recover bone function, and prevent complications such as refracture and bone nonunion.