Objective:To investigate the role of mRNA expression in the pathogenesis of gout by analyzing the difference of gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)among acute gouty(AG),intermittent gouty(IG)and health con-trols(HC).Methods:AG patients,IG patients and HC were enrolled in this study.RNA-seq and bioinformatics techniques were used to observe the differences of mRNA expression in PBMCs of different groups,and to explore the genes and signaling pathways as-sociated with gout attack.GO and KEGG databases were used to investigate the biological functions of differentially expressed genes and the relationship between genes and signaling pathways.Genes involved in the KEGG enriched PPAR signaling pathway(CYP27A1,ACSL1,CD36,PPARG,ANGPTL4,PLIN2)were validated in PBMCs from 35 patients with AG,35 patients with IG,and 35 normal healthy subjects using real-time PCR.Results:Compared with HC group,there were 222 significant differential genes in AG group,including 193 up-regulated genes and 29 down-regulated genes.GO analysis showed that the genes differentially ex-pressed in AG group were mainly enriched in the regulation of multicellular biological processes such as inflammation,trauma,and stress response and immune response regulation compared with HC group.However,KEGG analysis showed that the up-regulated genes in AG group were enriched in"Toll-like receptor signaling pathway""complement and coagulation cascades""PPAR signaling pathway""lipid and atherosclerosis""osteoclast differentiation""cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction""chemokine signaling path-way""IL-17 signaling pathway",and"cholesterol metabolism"compared with HC group.The results of PCR validation of related genes in the PPAR signaling pathway showed that the expression levels of ACSL1,CD36,PPARG,and PLIN2 in the AG group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the expression levels of CYP27A1 and ANGPTL4 in the AG group were not dif-ferent from those in the HC group(P>0.05).Conclusion:PPAR signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of AG,of which ACSL1,CD36,PPARG,and PLIN2 may be used as potential therapeutic targets for acute gouty arthritis;CYP27A1 and ANG-PTL4 may not be associated with the pathogenesis of AG.

Objective:To investigate the role of mRNA expression in the pathogenesis of gout by analyzing the difference of gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)among acute gouty(AG),intermittent gouty(IG)and health con-trols(HC).Methods:AG patients,IG patients and HC were enrolled in this study.RNA-seq and bioinformatics techniques were used to observe the differences of mRNA expression in PBMCs of different groups,and to explore the genes and signaling pathways as-sociated with gout attack.GO and KEGG databases were used to investigate the biological functions of differentially expressed genes and the relationship between genes and signaling pathways.Genes involved in the KEGG enriched PPAR signaling pathway(CYP27A1,ACSL1,CD36,PPARG,ANGPTL4,PLIN2)were validated in PBMCs from 35 patients with AG,35 patients with IG,and 35 normal healthy subjects using real-time PCR.Results:Compared with HC group,there were 222 significant differential genes in AG group,including 193 up-regulated genes and 29 down-regulated genes.GO analysis showed that the genes differentially ex-pressed in AG group were mainly enriched in the regulation of multicellular biological processes such as inflammation,trauma,and stress response and immune response regulation compared with HC group.However,KEGG analysis showed that the up-regulated genes in AG group were enriched in"Toll-like receptor signaling pathway""complement and coagulation cascades""PPAR signaling pathway""lipid and atherosclerosis""osteoclast differentiation""cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction""chemokine signaling path-way""IL-17 signaling pathway",and"cholesterol metabolism"compared with HC group.The results of PCR validation of related genes in the PPAR signaling pathway showed that the expression levels of ACSL1,CD36,PPARG,and PLIN2 in the AG group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the expression levels of CYP27A1 and ANGPTL4 in the AG group were not dif-ferent from those in the HC group(P>0.05).Conclusion:PPAR signaling pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of AG,of which ACSL1,CD36,PPARG,and PLIN2 may be used as potential therapeutic targets for acute gouty arthritis;CYP27A1 and ANG-PTL4 may not be associated with the pathogenesis of AG.

Objective:To explore expression of each member of miR17-92 cluster in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of patients with gout,to predict their possible targets and pathways of action,and to evaluate their possible mechanism and clinical significance in gout.Methods:A total 67 gouty arthritis(GA)patients were selected,including 22 patients with acute gout arthritis(AG)and 45 patients with intermittent gout(IG),and 35 normal health control(HC)were selected in Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.RT-qPCR measured expressions of miR17-92 cluster,IFN-γ,IL-10 and some members of JAK-STAT pathway,and relevant laboratory indicators were collected to analyze correlation between each other.Results:Relative expressions of miR17,miR18a,miR19a,miR20a and miR19b were significantly changed in AG,IG and HC(H=8.753,P<0.05;H=6.338,P<0.05;H=6.523,P<0.05;H=9.061,P<0.05;H=9.729,P<0.01).JAK3 and STAT2 expressions were statistically different in AG,IG and HC groups(H=10.349,P<0.01;H=14.801,P<0.01).Expression of IFN-γ was statistically different among AG,IG and HC groups(H=8.734,P<0.05).In AG patients,miR18a expression was inversely correlated with IBIL,Crea,MO and HGB.miR19a ex-pression was negatively associated and TC,UA and HGB.miR20a expression was negatively associated with Crea.miR19b expression was negatively associated with UA and HGB.In IG patients,miR17 expression was negatively associated with IBIL,WBC,LY and MO.miR18a expression was positively associated with ALP,miR19a expression was negatively associated with TC and UA,and miR20a expression was negatively associated with ADA and UA.Conclusion:miR17-92 cluster may regulate development and partici-pate in clinical pathology of gout by targeting JAK-STAT pathway.

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the low molecular weight polypeptide (LMP) gene with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among ethnic Han population from Yunnan.

METHODSA total of 427 patients with chronic HCV infection and 412 healthy controls were recruited. SNPs rs1351383, rs17587 and rs2127675 from the promoter region of the LMP2 gene and rs2071543 from the promoter region of the LPM7 gene were genotyped using a TaqMan probe. The haplotypes were constructed. Frequencies of various alleles, genotypes and haplotypes of the selected SNPs were calculated, and their association with chronic HCV infection was analyzed.

RESULTSThe frequencies of rs1351383 and rs2127675 alleles of the LMP2 gene, as well as the A-G-A and C-G-G haplotypes of the rs1351383/rs17587/rs2127675 loci, had differed significantly between the two groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe C allele of the rs1351383 locus and G allele of the rs2217675 locus of the LMP2 gene may be susceptible factors for chronic HCV infection among ethnic Han people from Yunnan. The A-G-A haplotype of the rs1351383/rs17587/rs2127675 loci may confer a protective effect, while the C-G-G haplotype may be a susceptible factor for chronic HCV infection in this population.

Adult ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Peptides ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics

Objective To discuss the association of allele polymorphisms SNP-rs1799724(C>T)in the TNF-αand SNP-rs11559013(G>A)in the ALCAM with HCV chronic infection in Han population in Yunnan province. Methods 434 HCV chronic infectious patients and 444 healthy individuals of Han Chinese population in Yunnan province were recruited. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in the SNP-rs1799724(C>T) of TNF-αgene and SNP-rs11559013(G>A)of ALCAM gene were determined by real-time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction. We evaluated the associations of the two SNPs with HCV chronic infection. Results The distributions of allele and genotype of SNP-rs1799724(C>T)in the TNF-αand SNP-rs11559013(G>A)in the ALCAM between hepatitis C virus(HCV)chronic infectious patients and the healthy controls were not statistically significant(P > 0.05). Conclusion SNP-rs1799724(C>T)in the TNF-αand SNP-rs11559013(G>A) in the ALCAM have no association with HCV chronic infection in the Han population in Yunnan province.

Excessive and fast rise of medical expenses in China recent years has worsened the financial burden of both the government and individuals alike,making it a hotspot issue countrywide.To alleviate the difficulties of "accessibility to medical services" and "poverty or repoverty resulting from sickness" faced by the Chinese people at large,we built a multi-factor analysis model to identify key factors contributing to such a fast rise of medical expenses based on an analysis of the medical expenses in Shandong Province.In addition,we discussed the causes for GDP and headcount of medical staff in relation to the rise of medical expenses,and the strategies to curb expenses.