Objective:To analyze the screening results of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project in Qinghai Province from 2019 to 2024.Methods:A summary and statistical analysis were conducted on six years of screening data from the Urban Cancer Early Dia-gnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province,with the high-risk rate,screening rate,and detection rate calculated separately for each type of cancer.Results:From 2019 to 2024,56,882 high-risk individuals were identified.The high-risk rates for lung,colorectal,breast,up-per gastrointestinal,and liver cancer were 22.02%,21.57%,14.23%,13.52%,and 6.10%,respectively.Overall,13,592 individuals com-pleted clinical screening,with detection rates of 0.32%for lung cancer,0.41%for liver cancer,0.08%for precancerous gastric lesions,3.63%for precancerous colorectal lesions,0.08%for esophageal cancer,0.16%for gastric cancer,and 0.14%for colorectal cancer.Conclusions:The implementation of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province aids in the early detection of cancer,improves early diagnosis and survival rates,and reduces mortality.Nevertheless,due to low public awareness and limited participation,en-hancements in program management and public outreach are required.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognosis of septic right ventricular dysfunction (SRVD) based on bedside ultrasound and explore its risk factors. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted involving septic and septic shock patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from February 2021 to January 2022. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was measured by M-mode ultrasound within 24 hours after ICU admission. According to the results of TAPSE, the subjects were divided into SRVD group (TAPSE < 16 mm) and non-SRVD group (TAPSE ≥ 16 mm). The gender, age, occurrence of septic shock, underlying diseases, source of patients, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, maximal body temperature within 24 hours after ICU admission, location and number of infections, duration of mechanical ventilation, and 28-day mortality were collected. Hemodynamic parameters, organ function indexes, oxygen therapy parameters and arterial blood gas analysis indexes were recorded within 24 hours after ICU admission. The differences of the above indexes between the two groups were compared. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the independent risk factors for SRVD, and a nomogram of SRVD risk factors was drawn. RESULTS: 116 patients with sepsis and septic shock were enrolled, of which 24 (20.7%) had SRVD and 92 (79.3%) had no SRVD. Compared with the non-SRVD group, the patients in the SRVD group had higher emergency transfer and infection site ≥ 2 ratio, APACHE II score, SOFA score, higher cardiac troponin I (cTnI), myoglobin (Mb), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), serum creatinine (SCr), arterial blood lactic acid (Lac) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), platelet count (PLT) within 24 hours after ICU admission, and higher proportion of norepinephrine application and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that LVEF [odds ratio (OR) = 0.918, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.851-0.991, P = 0.028], PLT (OR = 0.990, 95%CI was 0.981-0.999, P = 0.035), SCr (OR = 1.008, 95%CI was 1.001-1.016, P = 0.025), and the usage of norepinephrine (OR = 15.198, 95%CI was 1.541-149.907, P = 0.020) were independent risk factors for SRVD in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Based on the above four independent risk factors, a nomogram of SRVD risk factors was drawn. The results showed that the score was 64 when LVEF was 0.50, 18 when SCr was 100 μmol/L, 85 when PLT was 100×10⁹/L, and 39 when norepinephrine was used. When the total score reached 253, the risk of SRVD was 88%. Compared with non-SRVD group, the duration of mechanical ventilation in SRVD group was slightly longer [hours: 80.0 (28.5, 170.0) vs. 47.0 (10.0, 135.0), P > 0.05], and the 28-day mortality was significantly higher [41.7% (10/24) vs. 21.7% (20/92), P < 0.05]. CONCLUSIONS Patients with sepsis may have right ventricular dysfunction, impaired renal function and increased mortality in the early stage. The decrease in LVEF and PLT, the increase in SCr and the application of norepinephrine are independent risk factors for SRVD in patients with sepsis.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging* ; Risk Factors ; Prospective Studies ; Intensive Care Units ; Shock, Septic ; Male ; Ultrasonography ; Female ; Sepsis/complications* ; Middle Aged ; Point-of-Care Systems ; Aged ; Logistic Models ; APACHE

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have been widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the acceleration of heart rate caused by GLP-1RA should not be ignored. In the general population and patients with diabetes, increased heart rate has an independent correlation with the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. In general, the long-acting GLP-1RA seem to exert a greater effect in increasing heart rate, and the effect is dose-dependent and negatively correlated with baseline heart rate. The increase in heart rate caused by GLP-1RA may be related to enhanced sympathetic nervous activity, reflex tachycardia as a response to vasodilation, etc. It is advisable to closely monitor the increased heart rate induced by GLP-1RA in clinical practice, especially in patients with high-risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In case of elevated heart rate, the management begins with immediate discontinuation of the GLP-1RA and symptomatic intervention should be given if necessary.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have been widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the acceleration of heart rate caused by GLP-1RA should not be ignored. In the general population and patients with diabetes, increased heart rate has an independent correlation with the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. In general, the long-acting GLP-1RA seem to exert a greater effect in increasing heart rate, and the effect is dose-dependent and negatively correlated with baseline heart rate. The increase in heart rate caused by GLP-1RA may be related to enhanced sympathetic nervous activity, reflex tachycardia as a response to vasodilation, etc. It is advisable to closely monitor the increased heart rate induced by GLP-1RA in clinical practice, especially in patients with high-risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In case of elevated heart rate, the management begins with immediate discontinuation of the GLP-1RA and symptomatic intervention should be given if necessary.

Objective:To analyze the screening results of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project in Qinghai Province from 2019 to 2024.Methods:A summary and statistical analysis were conducted on six years of screening data from the Urban Cancer Early Dia-gnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province,with the high-risk rate,screening rate,and detection rate calculated separately for each type of cancer.Results:From 2019 to 2024,56,882 high-risk individuals were identified.The high-risk rates for lung,colorectal,breast,up-per gastrointestinal,and liver cancer were 22.02%,21.57%,14.23%,13.52%,and 6.10%,respectively.Overall,13,592 individuals com-pleted clinical screening,with detection rates of 0.32%for lung cancer,0.41%for liver cancer,0.08%for precancerous gastric lesions,3.63%for precancerous colorectal lesions,0.08%for esophageal cancer,0.16%for gastric cancer,and 0.14%for colorectal cancer.Conclusions:The implementation of the Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Program in Qinghai Province aids in the early detection of cancer,improves early diagnosis and survival rates,and reduces mortality.Nevertheless,due to low public awareness and limited participation,en-hancements in program management and public outreach are required.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of liraglutide-induced pancreatitis， and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS Retrieved from CNKI， VIP， Wanfang database， PubMed， Web of Science and Medline， case reports about liraglutide-induced pancreatitis were collected from the inception to December 31st， 2022. Demographic characteristics， drug use， clinical manifestations， intervention and outcome were analyzed using descriptive statistical method. RESULTS A total of 17 pieces of literature were collected and 17 patients were involved， including 7 males and 10 females. The patients aged from 25 to 75 years. All 17 patients had drug indications， including 14 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus， 3 cases of obesity or overweight. Among 17 patients， liraglutide was used alone in 5 cases， and combined with other drugs in 12 cases. Time from liraglutide administration to pancreatitis occurrence ranged from 1 day to 11 months after medication in 17 patients， with 14 cases less than 6 months. The clinical manifestations mainly included abdominal pain， nausea and vomiting， etc. After the diagnosis of pancreatitis， liraglutide discontinuation occurred in 16 patients； 1 case did not receive any other interventions and the other 15 cases were managed with symptomatic supportive treatment； the symptoms of all 16 patients resolved； however， 2 patients suffered from second episode of severe pancreatitis several weeks after liraglutide discontinuation， pancreatitis recurred after liraglutide rechallenge in 1 case. The results of correlation evaluation showed that 1 case was “positive”， 4 cases were “possible”， and the remaining patients were “very likely”. CONCLUSIONS Liraglutide-induced pancreatitis mainly occurred within 6 months after drug administration. The majority of liraglutide-induced pancreatitis cases are mild to moderate， but there are also severe and even fatal cases. It is advisable to periodically monitor the level of pancreatic enzymes and closely observe patients’ clinical mani-festations. In case of suspected liraglutide-induced pancreatitis，drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment should be taken immediately.

Objective To investigate the effect of aspirin-induced Gasdermin E(GSDME)dependent pyroptosis and the related mechanism of colorectal cancer cell proliferation.Methods The colorectal cancer cells Caco2 were cultured in vitro.MTT assay was used to detect the effects of aspirin intervention with different concentrations(1.0,2.5,5.0,10.0,15.0,20.0 mmol/L)on the proliferation activity of colorectal cancer cells.The effect of aspirin intervention on the morphology of colorectal cancer cells was observed under the microscope.Lactate dehy-drogenase(LDH)release assay was used to investigate the effect of aspirin intervention on cell membrane integrity.The protein expression levels of NOD-like receptor protein(NLRP3),cysteinyl aspartate and specific proteinase 1(Caspase-1),Gasdermin E-N(GSDME-N)in colorectal cancer cells were detected by Western blot.The contents of interleukin-1 β(IL-1 β)and interleukin-18(IL-18)in cell supernatant after GSDME silencing were detected by ELISA.After silencing GSDME,cell morphological changes were observed under a microscope,and cell membrane integrity was observed by LDH release assay;The contents of IL-1 β and IL-18 in cell supernatant were determined by ELISA after GSDME silencing.Results MTT results showed that aspirin could decrease the proliferation activi-ty of Caco-2 in a concentration-dependent manner(P＜0.01).Morphological observation and LDH experiment showed that aspirin could promote the occurrence of pyroptosis(P＜0.05).Western blot showed that aspirin could increase the expression levels of NLRP3,Caspase-1,GSDME-N of pyroptosis-related pathway genes(P＜0.05).ELISA showed that aspirin could significantly increase the concentration of IL-1 β and IL-18 in Caco-2 cells(P＜0.01).After GSDME silencing,the pyroptosis was significantly inhibited(P＜0.05)and the expression of IL-1 βand IL-18 decreased significantly(P＜0.01).Conclusion Aspirin can inhibit the proliferation of Caco-2 by indu-cing the pyroptosis of GSDME-dependent cells,thus inhibiting colon cancer.

Platelets are important components of the blood system. There are many kinds of concentrated platelets and their derivatives, among which platelet-rich plasma (PRP ), growth factors (GFs) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) have been widely used in clinical practice. Lyophilized platelets (Lyo-P) or freeze-dried platelets (FDP) are prepared from concentrated platelets by freeze-drying and have the advantages of long storage time at room temperature, light weight, convenient transportation, inactivation of pathogens, etc. Lyo-P contain high concentration of GFs, fibrin, white blood cells and various cytokines. In addition to their hemostatic and coagulative functions, Lyo-P and their products are increasingly used in wound healing, tissue repair, cosmetology, reproductive medicine and other fields.

Cutaneous chronic wounds are a major global health burden in continuous growth due to population aging and the higher incidence of chronic diseases, such as diabetes. In the process of spontaneous wound healing, growth factors play a vital role. Thanks to the high content of growth factors in platelet rich plasma(PRP), more and more PRP has been used to treat chronic refractory wounds, including diabetic ulcer, pressure ulcer, venous ulcer, and burns, etc., and has achieved significant results. Given the short duration of local growth factor release in the wound when PRP is applied alone, some studies have combined PRP with different tissue biology materials, such as hyaluronic acid, chitosan, and chitosan derivatives, to achieve better therapeutic results. In this paper, the preparation method of PRP, the mechanism of growth factors, the effect of PRP on wound repair, the combined application of PRP with repair materials and the advantages and disadvantages of PRP are reviewed.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of neurons. NDDs threaten the lives of millions of people worldwide and regretfully remain incurable. It is well accepted that dysfunction of mitochondria underlies the pathogenesis of NDDs. Dysfunction of mitochondria results in energy depletion, oxidative stress, calcium overloading, caspases activation, which dominates the neuronal death of NDDs. Therefore, mitochondria are the preferred target for intervention of NDDs. So far various mitochondria-targeting drugs have been developed and delightfully some of them demonstrate promising outcome, though there are still some obstacles such as targeting specificity, delivery capacity hindering the drugs development. In present review, we will elaborately address 1) the strategy to design mitochondria targeting drugs, 2) the rescue mechanism of respective mitochondria targeting drugs, 3) how to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Hopefully this review will provide comprehensive knowledge for understanding how to develop more effective drugs for the treatment of NDDs.