In recent years, domestic scholars have increasingly focused on the issue of ageism. However, due to its highly covert nature, the potential harm caused by benevolent ageism to the elderly population has not yet received sufficient attention. This paper systematically reviews the concept of benevolent ageism, available assessment tools, and its manifestations and impacts within nursing practice. Furthermore, the paper discusses the implications of benevolent ageism for geriatric nursing, aiming to enhance nurses' awareness and sensitivity to this hidden form of discrimination. By deepening understanding, this review provides a reference for future research and the development of targeted interventions to mitigate benevolent ageism in healthcare settings.

In recent years, domestic scholars have increasingly focused on the issue of ageism. However, due to its highly covert nature, the potential harm caused by benevolent ageism to the elderly population has not yet received sufficient attention. This paper systematically reviews the concept of benevolent ageism, available assessment tools, and its manifestations and impacts within nursing practice. Furthermore, the paper discusses the implications of benevolent ageism for geriatric nursing, aiming to enhance nurses' awareness and sensitivity to this hidden form of discrimination. By deepening understanding, this review provides a reference for future research and the development of targeted interventions to mitigate benevolent ageism in healthcare settings.

3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) is a steroidogenic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3β-hydroxysteroids to 3-ketosteroids. Two different subtypes of human 3β-HSD, HSD3B1 and HSD3B2, have been cloned, with HSD3B2 primarily expressed in the testes. HSD3B2 exhibits 3β-HSD2 activity and is a dual-substrate enzyme that binds with co-factors NAD + and 3β-steroids. Many endocrine disruptors, including industrial compounds (phthalates, bisphenols, perfluoroalkyl substances, and benzophenones), pesticides and fungicides (organochlorine pesticides and organotins), food additives (butylated hydroxyanisole, resveratrol, gossypol, flavonoids and isoflavonoids, curcuminoids, and chalcones), and drugs (etomidate, mifepristone, and ketoconazole) inhibit testicular 3β-HSD, potentially interfering with androgen synthesis. In this review, we summarized the unique testicular subtypes of 3β-HSD, their genes, chemistry, subcellularity, location, and the endocrine disruptors that directly inhibit testicular 3β-HSD and their modes of inhibition, to provide reference for clinical research on androgen regulation methods and the development of androgen-targeted drugs.

3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) is a steroidogenic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3β-hydroxysteroids to 3-ketosteroids. Two different subtypes of human 3β-HSD, HSD3B1 and HSD3B2, have been cloned, with HSD3B2 primarily expressed in the testes. HSD3B2 exhibits 3β-HSD2 activity and is a dual-substrate enzyme that binds with co-factors NAD + and 3β-steroids. Many endocrine disruptors, including industrial compounds (phthalates, bisphenols, perfluoroalkyl substances, and benzophenones), pesticides and fungicides (organochlorine pesticides and organotins), food additives (butylated hydroxyanisole, resveratrol, gossypol, flavonoids and isoflavonoids, curcuminoids, and chalcones), and drugs (etomidate, mifepristone, and ketoconazole) inhibit testicular 3β-HSD, potentially interfering with androgen synthesis. In this review, we summarized the unique testicular subtypes of 3β-HSD, their genes, chemistry, subcellularity, location, and the endocrine disruptors that directly inhibit testicular 3β-HSD and their modes of inhibition, to provide reference for clinical research on androgen regulation methods and the development of androgen-targeted drugs.

Objective To analyze the influence from material and size of the filling block on stress distributions of the tibial osteotomy model. Methods The filling blocks with three different materials (iliac bone, cancellous bone and polyetheretherketone (PEEK)) and five different sizes were established and implanted to the tibial osteotomy models, respectively. The mechanical loads were applied on the model, the stress distribution and edge displacement of the model were analyzed. Results For three kinds of materials, the stress at proximal end of the tibia and the plate, as well as edge displacement in the model implanted with filling block by iliac bone material were lower than those of the cancellous bone and PEEK, but the filling block by iliac bone material had the highest stress. When the filling blocks with different sizes were implanted in osteotomy space, the stress distribution on each part of the tibial osteotomy and edge displacement were different. Especially when the width of the filling block was reduced from 30 mm to 10 mm, the peak stress of the proximal tibia, steel plate and filling block was increased by 49. 3% , 92. 7% and 54. 4% on average. Conclusions Different filling block parameters will affect the stress distribution in different parts of the tibial osteotomy. The research results provide the theoretical basis for parameter selection of the tibial osteotomy filling block in clinic.

Ankyloglossia can affect breathing, sucking and swallowing functions, as well as breastfeeding quality and pronunciation. Advancing the timing of lingual frenum nursing intervention to the newborn period can improve breastfeeding dilemmas and reduce parents' anxiety. This article analyzes the problems of newborn lingual frenum care from four aspects, namely newborn lingual frenum assessment tools, screening methods and time, nurses' professional knowledge and skills, and mother's experience, and proposes to the support program, such as strengthening multidisciplinary cooperation and unify assessment paths, and strengthening professional training to enhance nurses' professional knowledge and skills, attaching importance to mother's knowledge education and evaluation to improve mother's breastfeeding efficiency, in order to provide a reference for newborn lingual frenum nursing management.

The unexpected COVID-19 broke out with wide spread which made patients have psychological stress problems. This paper reviewed the stress reaction, influencing factors and coping strategy in the perspective of positive psychology. This paper also put forward coping strategy from four aspects, paying attention to prevention of psychological stress, strengthening the experience of positive emotions, stimulating positive personality characteristic of patients and creating the positive social organization system so as to provide a reference for psychological management of COVID-19 patients.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of Gemcitabine in combination with radiotherapy for elderly patients with cervical cancer .Methods:From December 2016 to August 2018, 84 elderly patients with advanced cervical cancer receiving treatment in our hospital were enrolled.As a randomized controlled study, patients were divided into the radiotherapy-alone group and the combined therapy group.Patients in the combined therapy group was given radiotherapy and Gemcitabine.The short- and long-term efficacy, and the rate of adverse reactions were evaluated for the two groups.Results:Tumors in both groups were effectively controlled after treatment.The overall rate of effectiveness in the radiotherapy-alone group was significantly lower than that in the combined therapy group(67.6% vs.87.2%, χ2=4.756, P=0.029). The combined therapy group was associated with a significantly higher survival rate(89.4% vs.59.5%, χ2=10.204, P=0.001), a local recurrence-free rate(83.0% vs.54.1%, χ2=8.286, P=0.004), and a distant metastasis-free survival rate(83.0% vs.56.8%, χ2=6.975, P=0.008), compared with the radiotherapy-alone group.Additionally, the incidence of leukopenia was higher in the combined therapy group than in the radiotherapy-alone group(38.3% vs.13.5%, χ2=8.396, P=0.011). Conclusion:The combination of radiotherapy with Gemcitabine for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer in elderly patients can effectively enhance control on cancerous tissues, improve the long-term survival rate, and reduce the risk of local recurrence.

Objective:To investigate the expression of epigenetic inhibitor polycomb group proteins such as enhancer of zeste homolog 1/2 (EZH1/EZH2), embryonic ectoderm development protein (EED) and suppressor of zeste 12 (SUZ12) in common cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders (CTCL/LPD) .Methods:Totally, 93 paraffin-embedded skin samples of CTCL/LPD and 8 of lichen planus were collected from Hospital for Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College between 2012 and 2019, and subjected to immunohistochemical staining to determine the protein expression of EZH2, EED, SUZ12 and EZH1. Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 25.0 software by using chi-square test and Spearman correlation analysis.Results:The 93 cases of CTCL/LPD included 44 cases of mycosis fungoides (MF), 17 natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NK/TCL), 8 primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PC-ALCL), 8 lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), 8 hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder (HV-like LPD) and 8 cases of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma (SPTCL). Among the 93 CTCL/LPD cases, 83 (89.2%) were positive for EZH2, 81 (87.1%) for EED, 78 (83.9%) for SUZ12 and 37 (39.8%) for EZH1; among the 8 cases of lichen planus, 1 was positive for EZH2, all were positive for EZH1, and all were negative for EED and SUZ12. The expression of EZH2, EED, SUZ12 and EZH1 in lichen planus samples significantly differed from all the CTCL/LPD samples ( χ2 = 41.75, 39.74, 39.36, 32.83, respectively, all P < 0.001), and from MF, NK/TCL, PC-ALCL, LyP, HV-like LPD and SPTCL samples separately (α = 0.008 3, all P < 0.001). Meanwhile, the score of EZH2 expression was negatively correlated with that of EZH1 expression in the MF, NK/TCL, PC-ALCL, LyP, HV-like LPD and SPTCL tissues ( rs = -0.60, -0.68, -0.89, -0.74, -0.93, -0.80, respectively, all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Polycomb group proteins EZH2, EED, SUZ12 and EZH1 are abnormally expressed in CTCL/LPD lesions.

Purpose: Elder self-neglect is a global public health issue and should be taken seriously at large. Nurses,usually working directly with elderly patients, have a better understanding of what factors may causeelder self-neglect. In this qualitative study, we explored the influencing factors of elder self-neglect fromthe perception of nurses in the context of Chinese culture. Methods: Face-to-face, in-depth interviews were conducted from November 2018 to December 2018.Purposive sampling was used. Twenty one participants recruited from eight geriatric wards of a generalhospital located in Wuhan were interviewed. A content analysis of qualitative nature was performed toanalyze the data. Results: Our conceptual model illustrated the findings based on the three themes of the conflict betweenpersonal recognition and social judgment, the choice between current needs and individual beliefs, aswell as the compromise between insufficient abilities and limited resources. Conclusion Nurses together with family members and social workers can help older adults improvetheir awareness of self-neglect to bridge the gap with social judgment, learn to focus on their own needs,as well as seek as much support as possible. Nurses should also respect the autonomy and selfdeterminationof elder self-neglecters because self-neglect is related to older adults' values. Furthermore,larger studies are needed to quantitatively test and refine the model.