Primary pulmonary nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare and highly aggressive thoracic malignancy that poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in clinical practice. This tumor is characterized by its heterogeneous clinical presentations and poor prognosis, often evading accurate initial diagnosis. In this study, we present two cases of primary pulmonary NMC treated with an integrated therapeutic approach combining anti-angiogenic agents, platinum-based chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. This multimodal strategy achieved survival durations of 32 and 13 months, respectively, surpassing the currently reported median survival of advanced NMC. Through a systematic literature review of reported cases, we have summarized the currently used diagnostic methods and treatment modalities for NMC. Our findings suggest that multimodal therapy incorporating anti-angiogenic treatment may offer superior clinical outcomes compared to conventional monotherapy regimens, particularly for patients who are not eligible for surgery. This comprehensive investigation enhances our understanding of NMC management by elucidating diagnostic pitfalls through histopathological correlation and proposing an effective therapeutic combination that demonstrates improved survival outcomes. By providing valuable insights into the diagnosis and treatment of primary pulmonary NMC, we hope to contribute to the development of more effective strategies for managing this rare and aggressive malignancy.
Humans ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Carcinoma/therapy* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Nuclear Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins ; Neoplasm Proteins

With the performance improvement of the medical electronics and the progress of social development,the utilization rate of implantable medical electronic devices in China shows an increasing trend in recent years,and will maintain a growing trend in the future as population aging is accelerating.Even though implantable medical electronic devices have extremely low failure rates,the explicit clinical accidents caused by their reliability issues deserve sufficient attention in consideration of the large quantity of patients.Compared with other countries,there is lack of domestic researches on application risk of implantable medical electronic devices due to radiation therapy and diagnosis,which is reflected in not only the clinical research,but also the researches on the underlying physical damage mechanism and macro performance of the devices.Therefore,it is crucial and urgent to explore the application risk of implantable medical electronic devices caused by radiation therapy and diagnosis,which has high clinical and scientific significance.The study conducts a literature survey on the risks of medical electronic devices in the radiation environment generated by clinical treatment,summarizes the risks encountered in the aspects of total dose effect,electromagnetic compatibility and instantaneous effect,analyzes the above behaviors from the physical mechanism and perspective,and puts forward some meaningful suggestions for medical electronic engineering and clinical treatment.

With the performance improvement of the medical electronics and the progress of social development,the utilization rate of implantable medical electronic devices in China shows an increasing trend in recent years,and will maintain a growing trend in the future as population aging is accelerating.Even though implantable medical electronic devices have extremely low failure rates,the explicit clinical accidents caused by their reliability issues deserve sufficient attention in consideration of the large quantity of patients.Compared with other countries,there is lack of domestic researches on application risk of implantable medical electronic devices due to radiation therapy and diagnosis,which is reflected in not only the clinical research,but also the researches on the underlying physical damage mechanism and macro performance of the devices.Therefore,it is crucial and urgent to explore the application risk of implantable medical electronic devices caused by radiation therapy and diagnosis,which has high clinical and scientific significance.The study conducts a literature survey on the risks of medical electronic devices in the radiation environment generated by clinical treatment,summarizes the risks encountered in the aspects of total dose effect,electromagnetic compatibility and instantaneous effect,analyzes the above behaviors from the physical mechanism and perspective,and puts forward some meaningful suggestions for medical electronic engineering and clinical treatment.

Metabolic reprogramming, a newly recognized trait of tumor biology, is an intensively studied prospect for oncology medicines. For numerous tumors and cancer cell subpopulations, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is essential for their biosynthetic and bioenergetic functions. Cancer cells with mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) exhibit differentiation arrest, epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming, and sensitivity to mitochondrial OXPHOS inhibitors. In this study, we report that berberine, which is widely used in China to treat intestinal infections, acted solely at the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I, and that its association with IDH1 mutant inhibitor (IDH1^mi) AG-120 decreased mitochondrial activity and enhanced antileukemic effect in vitro andin vivo. Our study gives a scientific rationale for the therapy of IDH1 mutant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients using combinatory mitochondrial targeted medicines, particularly those who are resistant to or relapsing from IDH1^mi.
Humans ; Oxidative Phosphorylation ; Berberine ; Electron Transport ; Mitochondria ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase

Objective To explore dendritic cells (DCs)-mediated antigen presentation for radiation-injured cells by using the in vitro cell co-culture technology to simulate the in vivo microenvironment of the lung tissue. Methods ⁶⁰Co γ-irradiated mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE-12) were cultured with bone marrow-derived DCs and/or splenic T lymphocytes for 48 hours. Flow cytometry was used to measure the expression levels of costimulatory molecules (CD80/86) and antigenic peptide recognition complexes (the major histocompatibility complex [MHC] class Ⅰ/Ⅱ) on DCs and T cell activation markers (CD69/28/152) as well as the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. Results ⁶⁰Co γ irradiation significantly increased the apoptosis rate of MLE-12 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly stimulated the expression of CD80/86 and MHC Ⅱ on DCs, without direct activation of T cells. After γ (6 Gy)-irradiated MLE-12 cells were co-cultured with DCs and T lymphocytes for 48 h, there were significant increases in the expression of CD69 and CD28 on T cells, the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, and the expression of CD86 and MHC I on DCs, as compared with the control groups. Conclusion Radiation-injured cells can stimulate antigen presentation by DCs and activate T cells.

Objective To investigate the role of complement in radiation-induced lung injury in mice after chest irradiation with ⁶⁰Co γ-rays at a single dose of 20 Gy. Methods C57BL/6 mice underwent chest irradiation with ⁶⁰Co γ-rays at a single dose of 20 Gy, followed by observation for the inflammatory reaction of the lung tissue in the early stage (within 15 d) and pulmonary fibrosis in the later stage (30 and 180 d). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of C2, C3a, C4, and C5b-9 in the lung tissues at 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 180 d after irradiation. The expression of complement mRNA in BEAS-2B cells after irradiation was determined using RT-PCR. Results Radiation-induced lung injury in micepresented as inflammatory response in the early stage and fibrosis in the late stage. Complement C2, C4, and C5b-9 complexes were increased in the early period (3 or 7 d) after irradiation (P < 0.05), which might be associated with the inflammatory response induced by irradiation. During 3 to 180 d, complement C3a was significantly higher in the irradiated mice than in the control mice, suggesting a close relationship between C3a and radiation-induced lung injury. The irradiated cells showed increased mRNA expression of C2 and C3, with no changes in the mRNA levels of C4 and C5. Conclusion Different complement proteins have varying responses to radiation-induced lung injury, among which C3a is closely related to radiation-induced lung injury, suggesting that regulating C3a and its receptors may be a new way to prevent and treat radiation-induced lung injury.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharyngeal spraying recombinant human interfe-ron alpha 2b (rhIFNα2b) in the treatment of herpangina in children.Method:s A prospective, multicenter, rando-mized, opened and controlled study was carried out in 11 hospitals in Anhui province from August 2018 to March 2019.According to the time of admission, 180 patients diagnosed as herpangina were prospectively and randomly divided into rhIFNα2b treatment group and Ribavirin control group.On the basis of giving both groups the heat-clearing, detoxifying and anti-infection treatment, the patients in treatment group received pharyngeal spraying rhIFNα2b 9 g/L saline solution[1 million IU/mL, 0.1 million IU/(0.1 mL·press)], and the patients in control group were treated by pharyngeal spraying Ribavirin (0.5 mg RBV/press, 150 press), 3 presses per time, 4 times per day, continuous administration for 5 days for both groups.Those who recovered in advance were no longer given medication.All patients were observed to fully recover.The clinical efficacy and the disappearing time of symptoms and signs between two groups were compared, and the safety of pharyngeal spraying rhIFNα2b for patients was evaluated.Result:s All of the 180 patients completed the study, including 90 cases in the treatment group and 90 cases in the control group.There was no statistically significant difference in terms of gender, age, weight and course of illness before treatment between the two groups (all P>0.05), which had clinical comparability.The apparent efficiency of the treatment group [63.3% (57/90 cases)] was significantly higher than that in the control group [38.9% (35/90 cases)] and the difference was statistically significant( χ2=10.934, P=0.004); no significant difference in the total efficiency between the treatment group [96.7% (87/90 cases)]and the control group [92.2% (83/90 cases)]was observed ( χ2=2.924, P=0.169). The duration of fever[(32.59±20.73) h vs.(45.72±26.96) h], hyperemia[(76.48±23.12) h vs.(92.44±24.31) h], herpes[(72.99±25.77) h vs.(85.09± 26.62) h], salivation[(45.44±24.96) h vs.(54.42±31.20) h] and anorexia[(62.70±23.99) h vs.(78.71±30.54) h] in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Before treatment, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) [(13.02±4.41) ng/L vs.(13.57±9.27) ng/L], interleukin-6(IL-6) [(26.48±11.31) ng/L vs.(30.15±15.55) ng/L] and C-reactive protein(CRP)[(19.34±14.11) mg/L vs.(19.83±14.57) mg/L]were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were(7.26±1.99) ng/L and (2.42±0.73) ng/L in the treatment group, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(12.09±6.39) ng/L and (7.32±11.51) ng/L](all P<0.05), but no significant difference in serum levels of CRP between the two groups was observed ( P>0.05). The comparison on positive rate of virus in pharyngeal swab between the treatment group [65.3% (32/49 cases) and 40.6% (13/32 cases) respectively] and the control group[66.7%(36/54 cases) and 41.0% (16/39 cases), respectively]before and after therapy showed no significant difference (all P>0.05). During the treatment, no serious adverse reactions were observed in the two groups.The incidence of adverse reactions was 1.1% (1/90 cases) in the treatment group and 5.6% (5/90 cases) in the control group.In addition, the serum hemoglobin level of children in the control group after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment and that in the treatment group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with pharyngeal spraying ribavirin, pharyngeal spraying rhIFNα2b can greatly improve the clinical efficiency, accelerate the disappearance of clinical symptoms and signs, and shorten the total course of disease, and is more safe and worthy of clinical application.

AIM:To reveal the role and function of engulfment and cell mobility 1 (ELMO1) in the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells.METHODS:The expression of ELMO1 at protein and mRNA levels was detected in 5 kinds of gastric cancer cells and 1 normal human gastric epithelial cells by Western blot and real-time PCR, and the gastric cancer cells with the highest expression of ELMO1 were screened out.The cell transfection experiment was used to silence ELMO1 expression in the gastric cancer cells, and the effect of ELMO1 silencing on the invasion and migration of the gastric cancer cells was detected by Transwell assay.RESULTS:The expression level of ELMO1 in the gastric cancer cells was significantly higher than that in human normal gastric epithelial cells (P<0.01), and the SGC7901 cells had the highest expression level of ELMO1.ELMO1-siRNA significantly silenced the expression of ELMO1 in the SGC7901 cells (P<0.01).Silencing of ELMO1 expression significantly reduced the invasion and migration abilities of the human gastric can-cer cells (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:ELMO1 is highly expressed in the gastric cancer cells, and promotes the invasion and migration abilities of the gastric cancer cells.ELMO1 may become an effective target for the treatment of invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.

Objective To investigate PSP on bone microstructures,Ca,P,OPG and RANKL of osteoporotic rat model.Methods Thirty female rats randomly divided into five groups:Sham,OVX,H-,M-,L-PSP.Sham and OVX were irrigated stomachsaline;PSP solution was gavaged to other groups.After 8-week,bone microstructures of tibial metaphyseal,Ca,P,OPG and RANKL were measured.Results Body weight,Ca,P,RANKL,Tb.Sp of OVX were significantly increased compared to Sham,OPG,BV/TV,Tb.Th,Tb.N decreased.Body weight of H-,M-PSP,Ca and Tb.Sp of PSP,P and RANKL in H-PSP were decreased compared to OVX,OPG in H-,M-PSP,BV/TV,Tb.Th,Tb.N of PSP group increased.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PSP prevents osteoporosis by improving the microstructure of trabecular bone,reducing bone turnover,increasing OPG and reducing RANKL expression.

This study investigated the association of apolipoprotein A5 (apoAS) gene polymorphism at position -113 ITC with cerebral infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 256 type 2 diabetic patients without cerebral infarction (T2DM), 220 type 2 diabetic patients with cerebral infarction (T2DMCI) and 340 healthy subjects were recruited from the same region (Hubei province,China). The genotype of apoA5 -1131TC was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol,LDL-cholesterol and trigiycerides were quantitatively detected by using standard enzymatic techniques. The results showed that the prevalence of the apoA5 -1131C allele was significantly higher in T2DMCI group than that in control group (42.7% versus 31.2%, P<0.01). The carriers of rare C allele had higher TG levels as compared with carders of common allele in the three groups (P<0.01). Logistic regression models, which were adjusted for age, gender, blood pressure, BMI, FBS, smoking,LDL-C and HDL-C, revealed that patients carrying the apoA5 -1131C allele and CC homozygotes were at high risk for T2DMCI. It was concluded that the apoA5 -ll31C allele variant is an independent genetic risk factor for T2DMCI.