Based on the holistic view of "spleen-vessels-heart-spirit" system， this article explores the pathogenesis and progression of atrial fibrillation. It is proposed that the onset of atrial fibrillation is due to failure of the spleen to transport and disharmony of blood vessels； phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the collaterals and damage to the heart structure are the basis of its pathogenesis； the unclear mind and disorder of body and spirit are the causes of its progression. Based on the characteristics of pathological changes in different stages of the disease， it is proposed that early treatment should focus on restoring the middle jiao， clearing and promoting blood vessels， using modified Yigong Powder （异功散）； during the progression of the disease， treatment should remove blood stasis and phlegm， nourish heart and protect the pulse， using self-prescribed modified Mengshi Tongmai Decoction （礞石通脉汤）； meanwhile， calming mind and stabilizing palpitations， and regulating spirit should be sequentially incorporated， with self-prescribed Jiazao Ningmai Decoction （甲枣宁脉汤） or Shenying Dingji Decoction （参英定悸汤） and modified as appropriate. Clinical treatment should focus on the whole disease course of atrial fibrillation， implementing stage-based treatments to enable early intervention and holistic regulation.

BACKGROUND:The progression of chronic oral diseases is closely related to the continuous inflammatory response.Anti-inflammatory peptides are expected to become a substitute for traditional anti-inflammatory drugs due to their rich sources,easy absorption by the body and low side effects.OBJECTIVE:To review the types,anti-inflammatory mechanisms,and their application in oral related diseases.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed,and Web of Science were retrieved,with"polypeptide,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulation,oral inflammatory diseases"as Chinese and English search terms.111 articles related to the classification of anti-inflammatory peptides,anti-inflammatory mechanisms,and application of oral inflammatory diseases were selected for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Anti-inflammatory peptides are abundant in nature,which can be extracted from plants,animals,and microorganisms.In addition to naturally occurring peptides and protein hydrolysates,peptides synthesized by chemical modification,computer simulation design,and genetic recombination technology can also exert anti-inflammatory effects.The composition,position,and properties of amino acids affect their anti-inflammatory activity.(2)Because the anti-inflammatory mechanism of anti-inflammatory peptides is still unclear,the activity verification is mostly cell experiments,and there is a lack of animal models,clinical trials and other further studies.(3)In the treatment of oral inflammatory diseases(including periodontitis,oral mucositis,caries,pulpitis,suppurative osteomyelitis of the jaw,and peri-implantitis),anti-inflammatory peptides can inhibit the release of inflammatory factors such as interleukin 6,interleukin 1β,and tumor necrosis factor α in oral tissues,regulate inflammatory responses,improve the chronic inflammatory environment,reduce tissue destruction and structural loss,and promote bone tissue regeneration,providing new ideas for the treatment of oral inflammatory diseases.

BACKGROUND:The progression of chronic oral diseases is closely related to the continuous inflammatory response.Anti-inflammatory peptides are expected to become a substitute for traditional anti-inflammatory drugs due to their rich sources,easy absorption by the body and low side effects.OBJECTIVE:To review the types,anti-inflammatory mechanisms,and their application in oral related diseases.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed,and Web of Science were retrieved,with"polypeptide,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulation,oral inflammatory diseases"as Chinese and English search terms.111 articles related to the classification of anti-inflammatory peptides,anti-inflammatory mechanisms,and application of oral inflammatory diseases were selected for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Anti-inflammatory peptides are abundant in nature,which can be extracted from plants,animals,and microorganisms.In addition to naturally occurring peptides and protein hydrolysates,peptides synthesized by chemical modification,computer simulation design,and genetic recombination technology can also exert anti-inflammatory effects.The composition,position,and properties of amino acids affect their anti-inflammatory activity.(2)Because the anti-inflammatory mechanism of anti-inflammatory peptides is still unclear,the activity verification is mostly cell experiments,and there is a lack of animal models,clinical trials and other further studies.(3)In the treatment of oral inflammatory diseases(including periodontitis,oral mucositis,caries,pulpitis,suppurative osteomyelitis of the jaw,and peri-implantitis),anti-inflammatory peptides can inhibit the release of inflammatory factors such as interleukin 6,interleukin 1β,and tumor necrosis factor α in oral tissues,regulate inflammatory responses,improve the chronic inflammatory environment,reduce tissue destruction and structural loss,and promote bone tissue regeneration,providing new ideas for the treatment of oral inflammatory diseases.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the implementation plan of the grid management joint scientific research clinic and to evaluate its impact on enhancing the scientific research capabilities of nursing staff.Methods:Nursing research team developed an implementation strategy for the grid management joint scientific research clinic in 2023 and then promoted it across the hospital. The scores of nursing staff were compared on the self-evaluation scale, general self-efficacy scale, and research innovation achievements before (April-December 2022) and after (January-September 2023) the implementation.Results:The research capabilities of nurses increased significantly from 103.13±2.56 to 141.32±18.09 ( P<0.001), and their self-efficacy increased significantly from 1.95±0.26 to 2.15±0.53 ( P<0.001). The number of college-level and above scientific research projects, the number of journal publications, the number of authorized patterns, the number of participation in academic exchanges at the municipal level and above in nursing societies, and the number of scientific research awards at the municipal level and above all increased compared with the previous ones with statistical significance. Conclusions:Implementing the grid management joint scientific research clinic is beneficial for improving overall nursing research capabilities, nurses' self-efficacy, and the effectiveness of scientific research training. This provides a reference for other hospitals to enhance the training of nursing staff's scientific research capabilities.

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation can be attributed to the category of xinji （palpitations） and zhangchong （severe palpitations） in traditional Chinese medicine， and its onset has the characteristics of urgency， change， and movement， which is similar to the characteristics of diseases induced by wind pathogen. It is believed that the internal movement of wind pathogen runs through the whole course of this disease， and palpitations due to wind as the direct pathogenesis. Palpitations caused by wind pathogen showed different characteristics of deficiency and excess pattern. In the acute exacerbation period， excess wind is the main cause of disease. For excessive heat generating wind， the treatment is to clear the liver and extinguish wind by self-modified Lingxia Qinggan Decoction （羚夏清肝汤）； for blood stasis generating wind， the treatment is to remove blood stasis and stop wind by self-modified Yandan Limai Decoction （延丹理脉汤）； for phlegm-heat accumulation with wind， the treatment is to dissolve phlegm and eliminate wind by self-modified Lianlou Danxing Decoction （连蒌胆星汤）. In the prolonged recovery period， deficiency wind is more common. For stirring of wind due to yin deficiency， the treatment is to nourish yin and extinguish wind by self-modified Zaoshao Zhenzhu Deoction （枣芍珍珠汤）； for spleen deficiency generating wind， the treatment is to strengthen spleen and nourish wind by self-modified Shenying Dingji Deoction （参英定悸汤）. Clinical prescriptions closely follow the characteristics of wind， weigh the changes of deficiency and excess， tailor with the patterns， and regulate qi and blood of the zang-fu organs， in order to extinguish wind and arrest convulsion.

Objective:To screen the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)under high phosphate-induced calcification in the vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)by mRNA high-throughput sequencing technology,and to analyze the key genes and signaling pathways involved in the VSMCs calcification.Methods:The human VSMCs were divided into control group and model group.The cells in model group was exposed to the high-phosphate medium,while the cells in control group were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10%fetal bovine serum under the same conditions.The VSMCs in two groups,stably transfected,were cultured for 12 d.The morphology of the cells in two groups were observed and photographed under inverted microscope.The DEGs were selected by Hisat2 software,and Gene Ontology(GO)functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Stringtie software from three aspects,such as biological processes(BP),molecular functions(MF),and cellular components(CC).The calcification of the cells in two groups was observed by Von Kossa staining method.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to analyze the expression levels of alkaline phosphatase(ALP),bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2),alpha-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),tumor protein 53(Tp53),glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),ferritin light chain 1(Ftl1),and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase D1(GPLD1)mRNA in the cells in two groups.Results:Compared with control group,there were 2 524 DEGs in the cells in model group,and there were 1 368 upregulated DEGs and 1 156 downregulated DEGs.Clustering of DEGs between the cells in two groups was distinct.The GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis results showed that the upregulated DEGs were primarily involved in regulating the microtubule cytoskeleton,cell polarity,protein localization,and cell cycle regulation among BPs;in constructing cell membrane,microtubule organization,chromosomes,and kinetochore among CCs;and functioning in phosphatidylinositol phosphate,Rho GTPase protein binding,transmembrane transport,and protein kinase regulatory activity among MFs.Downregulated DEGs were mainly involved in cytoplasmic translation,protein membrane localization,mRNA metabolism,and protein endoplasmic reticulum localization among BPs;in forming ribosome subunits,cell membrane,and autophagy among CCs;and functioning in single-stranded DNA,ribonucleoprotein complex,growth factor binding,regulating protein kinase activity,and catalytic activity among MFs.Seven signaling pathways were significantly enriched in upregulated genes,most notably in the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)anchors;whereas 18 signaling pathways were significantly enriched in the downregulated genes,most notably in ferroptosis.The RT-qPCR results showed that compared with control group,the expression levels of GPX4,Ftl1,and Tp53 mRNA in the cells in model group were significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the expression level of GPLD1 mRNA was significantly increased(P<0.01);compared with control group,the expression level of α-SMA mRNA in the cells in model group was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the expression levels of ALP and BMP2 mRNA were significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion:The VSMCs underwent calcification and normal cells exhibit the DEGs.The key signaling pathways in the calcification induced by high phosphate in the VSMCs include ferroptosis and GPI anchor biosynthesis,mediated primarily through GPX4,Ftl1,Tp53,and GPLD1.

Objective: To observe the effects of tendon-regulating and stretching manipulation plus JIN's three-needle therapy for the shoulder on pain and shoulder joint function in subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Methods: Eighty patients with SIS were recruited and divided into a control group and a treatment group by the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given JIN's three-needle therapy for the shoulder, and the treatment group received additional tendon-regulating and stretching manipulation. The visual analog scale (VAS) score and constant-Murley score (CMS) were observed before and after the intervention, and the total effective rate was also observed. Results: The total effective rate was 92.5％ in the treatment group versus 70.0％ in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The VAS score and CMS changed notably after treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the improvements were markedly greater in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tendon-regulating and stretching manipulation plus JIN's three-needle therapy for the shoulder can facilitate the relief of pain and the improvement of shoulder joint function in SIS patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of surgical resection for gallbladder carcinoma.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 115 patients with gallbladder cancer treated by surgical operation in the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital) from Dec 2015 to Dec 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-up was ended on Sep 30, 2021.Results:Tumor detection rate by ultrasonography, CT and MRCP were 64.7% (55/85), 83.3% (55/66) and 48.4% (31/64), respectively. All patients underwent surgical exploration, among which 76 patients underwent radical surgery and 39 did palliative surgery. Patients were followed up for 10-69 months, and the median survival time was 22 months. The overall survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 67.4%, 31.2% and 28.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the degree of tumor differentiation, CA19-9, tumor size, nerve invasion, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and T stage were correlated with the prognosis. Multivariate analysis showed that increased CA19-9, T stage, and lymph node metastasis were independent risk factors of the prognosis.Conclusion:Early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma is difficult, radical surgical treatment is preferred, and the overall prognosis is poor, CA19-9, T staging and lymph node metastasis are closely related to the prognosis.

Objective     To share the clinical experience of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) anatomic basal segmentectomy by single-direction method. Methods     The clinical data of 352 patients who underwent VATS anatomic basal segmentectomy in West China Hospital between April 2015 and April 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, including 96 males and 256 females with a median age of 50 (range, 26-81) years. All basal segmentectomies were performed under thoracoscopy, through the interlobar fissure or inferior pulmonary ligament approach, and following the strategy of single-direction and the method of "stem-branch". Results    All patients underwent basal segmentectomy successfully (49 patients of uniportal procedure, 3 patients of biportal procedure and 300 patients of triportal procedure) without addition of incisions or conversion to thoracotomy and lobectomy. The median operation time was 118 (range, 45-340) min, median intraoperative blood loss was 20 (range, 5-500) mL, median drainage time was 2 (range, 1-22) d and median postoperative hospital stay was 4 (range, 2-24) d. The postoperative complications included pneumonia in 6 patients, prolonged drainage (air leakage duration>5 d or drainage duration>7 d) in 18 patients, cerebral infarction in 1 patient and other complications in 2 patients. All patients were treated well and discharged without main complaints. No perioperative death happened. Conclusion    VATS anatomic basal segmentectomy is feasible and safe. It can be performed in a simple manner following the strategy of single-direction.

Objective     To summarize the perioperative and long-term outcomes of ground-glass opacity (GGO) dominant early stage lung cancer patients treated by anatomic segmentectomy. Methods     We collected clinical data of 756 patients from Western China Lung Cancer Database, who underwent intentional anatomic segmentectomy [tumor size (T) ≤ 2 cm, GGO ≥ 50%] in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from 2009 to 2018. There were 233 males and 523 females at a median age of 53 (25-83) years including 290 (38.4%) patients of simple segmentectomy and 466 (61.6%) patients of complex segmentectomy. All patients were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma, including 338 (44.7%) patients of minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and 418 (55.3%) patients of invasive adenocarcinoma. Results     The median operative time was 115 (38-300) min, the median blood loss was 20 (5-800) mL, 58 (7.7%) patients had postoperative complications and the postoperative stay was 4 (2-24) days. The median follow-up period was 43.0 (30.1-167.9) months. Five-year overall survival rate was 99.5% [95%CI (98.8%, 100.0%)], 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 98.8% [95%CI (97.5%, 100.0%)], and 5-year lung cancer-specific survival rate was 100.0%. Conclusion    Anatomic segmentectomy has favorable perioperative outcomes and excellent prognosis in GGO dominant early stage lung cancer patients.