BACKGROUND:Since entering the intelligent age,there has been a growing enthusiasm for research on artificial intelligence technologies applied to healthcare.In the field of orthopedics,robot-assisted technology is one of the most attractive artificial intelligence technologies.After nearly 40 years of development,robot-assisted technology has gradually matured,and the types of orthopaedic surgeries in which it can be involved have gradually increased and played a crucial role.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application of orthopedic robots in the clinic and analyze their advantages and disadvantages.METHODS:The PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for relevant literature.The search terms were"robot-assisted technology,surgical robots,orthopaedic robots,robotic arm,orthopaedic,orthopaedic surgery,joint,spine,trauma,bone tumor"in English and Chinese.A total of 82 articles with high relevance were screened according to the inclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Robot-assisted technology is now more mature in clinical practice and can be used in most orthopedic surgeries with good clinical performance.(2)The main advantages of orthopedic robots include relieving clinicians'work pressure,reducing intraoperative side injuries,and shortening radiation exposure time.However,there may also be a prolongation of surgical operation time and an increase in postoperative complications.(3)The future development of orthopedic robots will be along the direction of high intelligence,low cost,and faster.

BACKGROUND:Since entering the intelligent age,there has been a growing enthusiasm for research on artificial intelligence technologies applied to healthcare.In the field of orthopedics,robot-assisted technology is one of the most attractive artificial intelligence technologies.After nearly 40 years of development,robot-assisted technology has gradually matured,and the types of orthopaedic surgeries in which it can be involved have gradually increased and played a crucial role.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application of orthopedic robots in the clinic and analyze their advantages and disadvantages.METHODS:The PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for relevant literature.The search terms were"robot-assisted technology,surgical robots,orthopaedic robots,robotic arm,orthopaedic,orthopaedic surgery,joint,spine,trauma,bone tumor"in English and Chinese.A total of 82 articles with high relevance were screened according to the inclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Robot-assisted technology is now more mature in clinical practice and can be used in most orthopedic surgeries with good clinical performance.(2)The main advantages of orthopedic robots include relieving clinicians'work pressure,reducing intraoperative side injuries,and shortening radiation exposure time.However,there may also be a prolongation of surgical operation time and an increase in postoperative complications.(3)The future development of orthopedic robots will be along the direction of high intelligence,low cost,and faster.

Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of sappanone A(SA)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell model based on JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.Methods MTT assay was used to detect the effects of sappanone A,LPS and AG490 on RAW264.7 cell viability.The LPS-induced inflammatory model in RAW264.7 cells was established,and the secretion level of interleukin-6(IL-6)in the supernatant was detected by ELISA.mRNA expressions of IL-6,Janus kinase 2(JAK2)and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)were tested by RT-PCR.The protein expressions of JAK2,phosphorylated JAK2(p-JAK2),STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3(p-STAT3)were determined by Western Blot.Results Compared with control group,IL-6 secretion level was significantly increased,mRNA expressions of IL-6,JAK2 and STAT3 were up-regulated,and protein expressions of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were increased(all P＜0.01)in model group.Compared with model group,high-dosed sappanone A(5 μg·mL-1)was significantly decreased the secretion of IL-6,down-regulated the mRNA expressions of IL-6,JAK2 and STAT3,and inhibited the protein expressions of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Sappanone A may play an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway and hence inhibiting the secretion of IL-6.

Objective:To analyze the distribution of clinically isolated fungal strains and their resistance to common antifungal drugs in Shandong province.Methods:Through the Shandong Children’s Bacterial & Fungal Drug Resistance Surveillance and Research Collaborative Network, a total of 1 030 fungi were collected in 46 hospitals of Shandong province from January 1 to December 31, 2018. The source and type of strains were analyzed, and antifungal drug sensitivity tests were performed by using the micro-dilution method. Whonet 5.6 and SPSS 22.0 were applied to analyze the data.Results:The overall main strains were Candida albicans (38.74%, 399/1 030), Candida tropicalis (16.99%, 175/1 030) and Candida parapsilosis (16.41%, 169/1 030); the main fungi strains in child patients were C. albicans (52.50%, 63/120), C. parapsilosis (12.50%, 15/120) and C. tropicalis (9.17%, 11/120); the main fungi strains in adult patients were C. albicans (36.37%, 331/910), C. tropicalis (17.03%, 155/910) and C. parapsilosis (15.27%, 139/910). The isolation rate of main Candida strains from January to March and August to December was much higher than that of other months. The drug resistance rates of C. albicans to fluconazole and voriconazole were 7.14% and 7.43%, respectively, and the drug resistance rates to itraconazole were 50.44%. The resistance rates of C. tropicalis to fluconazole, voriconazole and itraconazole were 29.05%, 23.29% and 48.65%, respectively. The sensitivity rates of C. parapsilosi to fluconazole, voriconazole and itraconazole were 93.06%, 93.75% and 94.44%, respectively. Candida glabrata showed a dose-dependent sensitivity rate of 2.33% to fluconazole. Analysis of 244 blood fungi strains showed that non-candida albicans bacteremia accounted for 70.08%. In the pathogen spectrum covering 92.22%, fluconazole was sensitive to 64.65% of the pathogens, voriconazole was 68.88%, and amphotericin B was 88.75%. After quantification, the effective rates of fluconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B in the clinical treatment of fungal bacteremia were 70.10%, 74.69% and 96.23%, respectively. Among them, the sensitivity rate of voriconazole to C. tropicalis was lower than that of fluconazole. Conclusions:Candida is the main clinical fungus isolates in hospitals of Shandong province. The resistance rate of C. tropicalis to azole antifungal drugs is on the rise, and the sensitivity of other Candida species to clinically used antifungal drugs is basically stable.