Objective: To systematically evaluate the effect of exercise intervention on lipid metabolism among overweight or obese children and adolescents, providing evidence for improving lipid metabolism. Methods: Literature were retrieved and screened from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases regarding the impact of exercise intervention on lipid metabolism among overweight or obese children and adolescents, with a search period from 1,January 2000 to 30,April 2025. Data extraction and quality assessment of included studies were performed, and network Meta analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 18.0 software, with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI as the effect measures. Results: A total of 15 eligible randomized controlled trials were included, with 13 reporting outcomes for total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and 14 for triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Network Meta analysis results showed that compared with the control group, aerobic exercise (AE) ( SMD = -0.51, 95% CI =-0.97 to -0.06) and combined aerobic and resistance exercise (COM) ( SMD =-0.54, 95% CI =-1.03 to -0.05) effectively reduced TC levels; AE ( SMD =-0.98, 95% CI =-1.64 to -0.32) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) ( SMD =-1.58, 95% CI = -2.52 to -0.64) effectively reduced TG levels; AE ( SMD =-0.60, 95% CI =-1.05 to -0.14), COM( SMD =-1.10, 95% CI =-1.72 to -0.48) and HIIT ( SMD =-1.05, 95% CI =-1.68 to -0.43) all effectively reduced LDL-C levels; only HIIT ( SMD = 1.03 , 95% CI =0.05-2.00) significantly increased HDL-C levels(all P <0.05). Conclusions Exercise intervention is beneficial to improve the dyslipidemia among children and adolescents, and the intervention effects of different exercise on different types of dyslipidemia are different.

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy （IgAN） is the primary glomerulonephritis with the highest incidence rate in the world. It is also the main cause of end-stage renal disease （ESRD） in China， which has brought heavy economic burden to the society and patient families. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has certain advantages in treating IgAN. In TCM， IgAN is classified into consumptive disease， hematuria， and edema categories， with the location in the kidney and involving the lung， liver， and spleen. Professor Ren Jixue， a master of TCM， believes that kidney deficiency and spleen deficiency are the root causes of IgAN， and the throat is the source of the disease. He proposed the theory of throat-kidney correlation and used the method of tonifying kidney and invigorating spleen as well as detoxifying and relieving sore-throat to treat IgAN， achieving significant therapeutic effects. Studies have shown that IgAN is closely related to mucosal immune defense. IgAN patients often experience recurrent and gradually worsening symptoms due to mucosal infections， and polymeric Ig receptor （PIgR） is an important component of mucosal defense function. The lack of PIgR leads to the accumulation of IgA molecules in the mucosal lamina propria， and the molecules enter the bloodstream in large quantities and ultimately deposit in the kidneys， causing kidney damage. Complement regulatory protein complement receptor type 1 （CR1） exists on red blood cells and glomeruli and has the function of inhibiting the activation and differentiation of B cells， clearing immune complexes， and inhibiting excessive activation of the complement system. Therefore， regulating the immune defense function through the mucosal-renal axis mediated by PIgR-CR1 will be an important target for preventing and treating IgAN. Based on the theory of throat-kidney correlation， this article explores the effects and molecular mechanisms of tonifying kidney and invigorating spleen as well as detoxifying and relieving sore-throat in preventing and treating IgAN by regulating the mucosal-kidney axis mediated by PIgR-CR1. It provides effective theoretical support and a scientific basis for TCM prevention and treatment of IgAN based on the theory of throat-kidney correlation.

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy （IgAN） is the primary glomerulonephritis with the highest incidence rate in the world. It is also the main cause of end-stage renal disease （ESRD） in China， which has brought heavy economic burden to the society and patient families. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has certain advantages in treating IgAN. In TCM， IgAN is classified into consumptive disease， hematuria， and edema categories， with the location in the kidney and involving the lung， liver， and spleen. Professor Ren Jixue， a master of TCM， believes that kidney deficiency and spleen deficiency are the root causes of IgAN， and the throat is the source of the disease. He proposed the theory of throat-kidney correlation and used the method of tonifying kidney and invigorating spleen as well as detoxifying and relieving sore-throat to treat IgAN， achieving significant therapeutic effects. Studies have shown that IgAN is closely related to mucosal immune defense. IgAN patients often experience recurrent and gradually worsening symptoms due to mucosal infections， and polymeric Ig receptor （PIgR） is an important component of mucosal defense function. The lack of PIgR leads to the accumulation of IgA molecules in the mucosal lamina propria， and the molecules enter the bloodstream in large quantities and ultimately deposit in the kidneys， causing kidney damage. Complement regulatory protein complement receptor type 1 （CR1） exists on red blood cells and glomeruli and has the function of inhibiting the activation and differentiation of B cells， clearing immune complexes， and inhibiting excessive activation of the complement system. Therefore， regulating the immune defense function through the mucosal-renal axis mediated by PIgR-CR1 will be an important target for preventing and treating IgAN. Based on the theory of throat-kidney correlation， this article explores the effects and molecular mechanisms of tonifying kidney and invigorating spleen as well as detoxifying and relieving sore-throat in preventing and treating IgAN by regulating the mucosal-kidney axis mediated by PIgR-CR1. It provides effective theoretical support and a scientific basis for TCM prevention and treatment of IgAN based on the theory of throat-kidney correlation.

Current experimental and computational methods have limitations in accurately and efficiently classi-fying ion channels within vast protein spaces.Here we have developed a deep learning algorithm,GPT2 Ion Channel Classifier(GPT2-ICC),which effectively distinguishing ion channels from a test set con-taining approximately 239 times more non-ion-channel proteins.GPT2-ICC integrates representation learning with a large language model(LLM)-based classifier,enabling highly accurate identification of potential ion channels.Several potential ion channels were predicated from the unannotated human proteome,further demonstrating GPT2-ICC's generalization ability.This study marks a significant advancement in artificial-intelligence-driven ion channel research,highlighting the adaptability and effectiveness of combining representation learning with LLMs to address the challenges of imbalanced protein sequence data.Moreover,it provides a valuable computational tool for uncovering previously uncharacterized ion channels.

Objective:By sequencing and analyzing the biliary flora by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology,to identify the main flora associated with gallbladder stone formation and the main flora regulated by the Dahuang lingxian(DHLX),pre-liminary investigation the effect of DHLX on the biliary flora.Methods:The 50 male guinea pigs were randomly divided into Normal group,Model group,DHLX group.There were 15 guinea pigs in the normal group and 20 guinea pigs in the DHLX group,and 20 guin-ea pigs in the model group:the guinea pig model of gallstone was replicated with high-fat lithogenic diet,which was simultaneously ad-ministrated by gavage.After continuous intervention for 8 weeks,bile and gallbladder tissue samples were collected,and the gallstone formation rate of guinea pigs in each group was calculated,the pathological morphological changes of gallbladder tissue were detected by HE,T-CHO,TBA,LPS,IL-6,TNF-α were detected by ELISA,and the changes of biliary flora were detected by 16S rDNA;the correlation between biliary flora and bile index was detected by Pearson statistical method.Results:The stone formation rate of guinea pigs in the normal group was 8.3%,the rate of model stone composition was 90.8%,and the stone composition rate of DHLX group was 36.4%,and the HE staining results showed that compared with the normal group,the mucous membrane of the guinea pig in the model group was thickened,the columnar epithelial cells were arranged in a large number of inflammatory cells,and the columnar epi-thelial cells of the gallbladder mucosa in the chinese medicine group were arranged neatly compared with the model group,the thick-ness of the mucosa was reduced compared with the model group,and some inflammatory cells were infiltrated;ELISA results showed that compared with the normal group,the expressions of T-CHO,LPS,IL-6 and TNF-α in the bile of guinea pigs in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the content of TBA was significantly reduced(P<0.01);compared with the model group,the expression of LPS and IL-6 in the bile of the DHLX group were significantly reduced(P<0.01).The results of 16S rDNA showed that compared with the normal group the Ace index and Chao1 index of the model group were significantly reduced(P<0.01),and the Chao1 index of the DHLX group was significantly higher than that of the model group(P<0.05);biliary flora at the genera level was mainly composed of Burkholderia,Sphingomycetes,Breghamus,Delfortella,Pseudomonas;correlation analysis showed that total cholesterol was negatively correlated with the abundance of Methyloversatilis(P<0.05),and total bile acids were positively corre-lated with the abundance of Burkholderia(P<0.05),and Pseudomonas erythrocytes,Rhizobia,the abundance of Phreatobacter was negatively correlated(P<0.01)and LPS was positively correlated with the abundance of Pseudomonas erythrocytes(P<0.01).Conclu-sion:Biliary microflora disorder exists in the formation of biliary stones,and biliary microflora may participate in the formation of stones by regulating cholesterol,bile acids and LPS.DHLX can regulate the changes in the abundance of the microflora,make the structure of the microflora become normal,reduce the inflammation of the gallbladder,and prevent the formation of gallstones.

Objective To investigate the infection status and clinical parameters of human metapneumovirus(HMPV)in children with acute respiratory tract infections in Jianyang area.Methods A total of 2 669 hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infec-tions at Jianyang People's Hospital from March 2023 to February 2024 were enrolled.Thirteen kinds of respiratory pathogens were de-tected using multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis.The clinical data of HMPV-infected children were collected and analyzed.Re-sults Out of 2 669 children with acute respiratory tract infections,209 were detected with HMPV,with a positive rate of 7.83%.HMPV-positive children were mainly concentrated in under 5 years old(73.21%),with cough,fever,wheezing,and shortness of breath as main clinical manifestations.The rate of single HMPV infection was 58.85%,and those of mixed bacterial infection and mixed viral infection were 26.69% and 13.88%,respectively.The levels of white blood cells(WBC),lymphocytes(LYM),platelets(PLT),C-reactive protein(CRP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),troponin I(cTn I),and procalcitonin(PCT)in the mixed infection group were significantly higher than those in the single HMPV infection group(P＜0.05),while the levels of hemoglobin(Hb),total protein(TP),and creatinine(Cr)were significantly lower than those in the single HMPV infection group(P＜0.05).Compared with the non-severe pneumonia group,the levels of WBC,Hb,PLT,and CRP in the severe pneumonia group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age＜3 years,co-infection,and CRP≥20 mg/L were risk factors for severe HMPV pneumonia(P＜0.05).Conclusion HMPV is one of the important pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in children in Jianyang area.The elevated levels of some laboratory indicators are associated with the severity of infection.Early and comprehensive bacteriological testing and detection of inflammatory markers are beneficial for guiding clinical treatment.

Objective The relationship between serum uric acid(UA)levels and gait kinematics characteristics in patients with cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)was investigated.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with CSVD from outparient clinics of the Neurology and Rehabilitation Department of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated with Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from January 2023 to December 2023.The general information of patients were collected and the gait of patients was analyzed using three-dimensional gait analysis.Patients were then divided into mild gait disorder group(0-1 points),moderate gait disorder group(2-3 points),and severe gait dysfunction group(4-5 points)based on gait results.The total burden of CSVD imaging and serum results such as UA were collected.The relationship between UA level and CSVD gait disorders was analyzed.Results This study recruited 105 CSVD patients.Patients were divided into different groups based on the severity of their gait disorder including 40 in the mild group,49 in the moderate group,and 16 in the severe group.The blood uric acid level in the moderate group(358.43±13.44)μmol/L was higher than that in the mild group(336.00±12.48)μmol/L,and the blood uric acid level in the severe group(289.94±11.88)μmol/L was lower than that in the mild and moderate groups(P<0.05).The MoCA score in the severe gait disorder group(21.38±0.13)was lower than that in the mild and moderate groups(28.05±0.09 vs.25.22±0.10)(P<0.05).The step width of the CSVD severe load group was(13.26±2.80)cm compared to the light and moderate load groups[(11.22±1.70)cm vs.(11.65±2.70)cm]increased(P<0.05),and the left swing phase in the severe group(35.90%)decreased compared to the mild and moderate groups(38.50%vs.37.20%)(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between UA levels and CMB(r=-0.20,P=0.04).Hyperuricemia was negatively correlated with brain atrophy(r=-0.20,P=0.04).In patients with mild to moderate gait disorders,there was a positive correlation between hyperuricemia and the total burden of gait disorders(r=0.25,P=0.02),and hyperuricemia and right gait speed(r=-0.22,P=0.04),Right stride(r=-0.29,P<0.01),Left step speed(r=-0.32,P<0.01),Left step frequency(r=-0.29,P<0.01),The left stride was negatively correlated(r=-0.26,P=0.01).Conclusion In CSVD patients with mild to moderate gait disorders,the levels of uric acid and hyperuricemia are positively correlated with the total burden of gait disorders.The gait disorders are mainly characterized by reduced bilateral pace,bilateral stride,and left step frequency.

Current experimental and computational methods have limitations in accurately and efficiently classifying ion channels within vast protein spaces. Here we have developed a deep learning algorithm, GPT2 Ion Channel Classifier (GPT2-ICC), which effectively distinguishing ion channels from a test set containing approximately 239 times more non-ion-channel proteins. GPT2-ICC integrates representation learning with a large language model (LLM)-based classifier, enabling highly accurate identification of potential ion channels. Several potential ion channels were predicated from the unannotated human proteome, further demonstrating GPT2-ICC's generalization ability. This study marks a significant advancement in artificial-intelligence-driven ion channel research, highlighting the adaptability and effectiveness of combining representation learning with LLMs to address the challenges of imbalanced protein sequence data. Moreover, it provides a valuable computational tool for uncovering previously uncharacterized ion channels.

Objective:By sequencing and analyzing the biliary flora by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology,to identify the main flora associated with gallbladder stone formation and the main flora regulated by the Dahuang lingxian(DHLX),pre-liminary investigation the effect of DHLX on the biliary flora.Methods:The 50 male guinea pigs were randomly divided into Normal group,Model group,DHLX group.There were 15 guinea pigs in the normal group and 20 guinea pigs in the DHLX group,and 20 guin-ea pigs in the model group:the guinea pig model of gallstone was replicated with high-fat lithogenic diet,which was simultaneously ad-ministrated by gavage.After continuous intervention for 8 weeks,bile and gallbladder tissue samples were collected,and the gallstone formation rate of guinea pigs in each group was calculated,the pathological morphological changes of gallbladder tissue were detected by HE,T-CHO,TBA,LPS,IL-6,TNF-α were detected by ELISA,and the changes of biliary flora were detected by 16S rDNA;the correlation between biliary flora and bile index was detected by Pearson statistical method.Results:The stone formation rate of guinea pigs in the normal group was 8.3%,the rate of model stone composition was 90.8%,and the stone composition rate of DHLX group was 36.4%,and the HE staining results showed that compared with the normal group,the mucous membrane of the guinea pig in the model group was thickened,the columnar epithelial cells were arranged in a large number of inflammatory cells,and the columnar epi-thelial cells of the gallbladder mucosa in the chinese medicine group were arranged neatly compared with the model group,the thick-ness of the mucosa was reduced compared with the model group,and some inflammatory cells were infiltrated;ELISA results showed that compared with the normal group,the expressions of T-CHO,LPS,IL-6 and TNF-α in the bile of guinea pigs in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the content of TBA was significantly reduced(P<0.01);compared with the model group,the expression of LPS and IL-6 in the bile of the DHLX group were significantly reduced(P<0.01).The results of 16S rDNA showed that compared with the normal group the Ace index and Chao1 index of the model group were significantly reduced(P<0.01),and the Chao1 index of the DHLX group was significantly higher than that of the model group(P<0.05);biliary flora at the genera level was mainly composed of Burkholderia,Sphingomycetes,Breghamus,Delfortella,Pseudomonas;correlation analysis showed that total cholesterol was negatively correlated with the abundance of Methyloversatilis(P<0.05),and total bile acids were positively corre-lated with the abundance of Burkholderia(P<0.05),and Pseudomonas erythrocytes,Rhizobia,the abundance of Phreatobacter was negatively correlated(P<0.01)and LPS was positively correlated with the abundance of Pseudomonas erythrocytes(P<0.01).Conclu-sion:Biliary microflora disorder exists in the formation of biliary stones,and biliary microflora may participate in the formation of stones by regulating cholesterol,bile acids and LPS.DHLX can regulate the changes in the abundance of the microflora,make the structure of the microflora become normal,reduce the inflammation of the gallbladder,and prevent the formation of gallstones.

Objective To investigate the infection status and clinical parameters of human metapneumovirus(HMPV)in children with acute respiratory tract infections in Jianyang area.Methods A total of 2 669 hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infec-tions at Jianyang People's Hospital from March 2023 to February 2024 were enrolled.Thirteen kinds of respiratory pathogens were de-tected using multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis.The clinical data of HMPV-infected children were collected and analyzed.Re-sults Out of 2 669 children with acute respiratory tract infections,209 were detected with HMPV,with a positive rate of 7.83%.HMPV-positive children were mainly concentrated in under 5 years old(73.21%),with cough,fever,wheezing,and shortness of breath as main clinical manifestations.The rate of single HMPV infection was 58.85%,and those of mixed bacterial infection and mixed viral infection were 26.69% and 13.88%,respectively.The levels of white blood cells(WBC),lymphocytes(LYM),platelets(PLT),C-reactive protein(CRP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),troponin I(cTn I),and procalcitonin(PCT)in the mixed infection group were significantly higher than those in the single HMPV infection group(P＜0.05),while the levels of hemoglobin(Hb),total protein(TP),and creatinine(Cr)were significantly lower than those in the single HMPV infection group(P＜0.05).Compared with the non-severe pneumonia group,the levels of WBC,Hb,PLT,and CRP in the severe pneumonia group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age＜3 years,co-infection,and CRP≥20 mg/L were risk factors for severe HMPV pneumonia(P＜0.05).Conclusion HMPV is one of the important pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections in children in Jianyang area.The elevated levels of some laboratory indicators are associated with the severity of infection.Early and comprehensive bacteriological testing and detection of inflammatory markers are beneficial for guiding clinical treatment.