Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of single-branch intraoperative stent combined with modified bilateral cerebral perfusion in type A aortic dissection. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who underwent surgery for type A aortic dissection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2021 to May 2024. Patients were divided into a test group (single branch stent+modified bilateral cerebral perfusion) and a control group (traditional surgical method, straight stent+unilateral cerebral perfusion) according to the surgical method. Propensity score matching analysis was used to match the two groups of patients with a ratio of 1:1, and the perioperative data and clinical efficacy after matching were compared. Results A total of 14 patients were included in the test group, including 13 males and 1 female, with an average age of (46.6±16.4) years. There were 56 patients in the control group, including 38 males and 18 females, with an average age of (52.1±11.7) years. After propensity score matching, 14 patients were included in each group. Compared with the control group, the ventilator support time [(27.4±24.3) h vs. (93.4±88.0) h, P=0.018], length of stay in the intensive care unit [(2.8±1.8) d vs. (8.7±6.5) d, P=0.009], and postoperative awakening time [(5.4±2.2) h vs. (8.8±4.8) h, P=0.047] in the test group were shorter than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences. There was no statistical difference in neurological complications between the two groups (P=1.000). Conclusion Single-branch intraoperative stent combined with modified bilateral cerebral perfusion can effectively shorten ventilator support time, length of stay in the intensive care unit, and postoperative awakening time, and is safe and effective for the treatment of type A aortic dissection, which is worth further promotion.

To construct a recombinant fowl adenovirus 4(FAdV-4)expressing the Cap protein of goose astrovirus genotype 2(GoAstV-2),the expression cassette of Cap gene was inserted into the natural 1 966 bp deletion region of the FAdV-4 genome in the infectious clone p15A-cm-FAdV4-HNJZ.The resulted recombinant plasmid p15A-cm-FAdV4-HNJZ-Cap/GoAstV-2 was linearized with restriction enzyme and transfected into chicken hepatoma cell line(LMH)to rescue the recombinant FAdV-4 expressing the Cap protein of GoAstV-2,rF Ad V4-Cap/GoAstV-2.After 15 passages in LMH cells,the recombinant rFAdV4-Cap/GoAstV-2 was identified by PCR using primers flanking the insertion site of the Cap gene expression cassette and using viral genome DNA extracted from rFAdV4-Cap/GoAstV-2 infected LMH cells as template.LMH cells were in-fected with 15th passage rFAdV4-Cap/GoAstV-2 and indirect immunofluorescence was performed with a polyclonal antibody against Cap protein as the primary antibody.Western blot was carried out with lysates of rFAdV4-Cap/GoAstV-2 infected LMH cells.The in vitro replication dynamic of the 15th passage of the rFAdV4-Cap/GoAstV-2 was also investigated in LMH cells.The results demonstrated that the Cap gene of GoAstV-2 was presented in the genome of the recombinant vi-rus rF AdV4-Cap/Go Ast V-2,and could be expressed stably.The prepared recombinant virus in this study will lay a foundation for developing inactivated bivalent vaccine candidate against co-in-fection of FAdV-4 and GoAstV-2 in goose.

Objective To investigate the effects of DNA Cross-Link Repair 1A(DCLRE1A)on mitochondrial func-tion in lens epithelial cells(LECs).Methods Thirty eyes from 30 patients with age-related cataracts(ARC)were select-ed and divided into three groups:cortical type(ARCC group),nuclear type(ARNC group),and posterior subcapsular type(ARPC group),with 10 cases in each group.Additionally,10 eyes from 10 age-matched patients diagnosed with epiretinal membrane and having clear lenses were selected as the control group.Western blot was used to detect the ex-pression levels of DCLRE1A protein in the anterior capsule tissues of patients in each group and in the lens epithelial cell line(SRA01/04)treated with hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in vitro and overexpressed DCLRE1A model(OE-DCLRE1A group).The effects of overexpressed DCLRE1A on the expression levels of mitochondrial transcription factor(TFAM)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α(PGC1α)proteins were also detected.Normal cultured SRA01/04 cells were randomly divided into Control group(untreated),H2 O2 group,H2 O2+HA group(transfected with control plasmid HA),and H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group(transfected with DCLRE1A plasmid).RT-PCR was used to measure mtD-NA expression in each group cells.Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and mitochondrial reactive oxy-gen species(ROS)in each group were detected by immunofluorescence staining.Results Western blot analysis showed that compared with the control group cells,the relative expression levels of DCLRE1A protein in the anterior capsule tis-sues of patients in the ARCC,ARNC,and ARPC groups were all decreased,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.001).In the in vitro H2O2-induced oxidative damage model,compared with the Control group,the relative expression level of DCLRE1A protein in the H2O2 group was significantly decreased(P＜0.001).The overexpression efficiency results of DCLRE1A showed that,compared with the Control group,the relative expression level of DCLRE1A protein in the OE-DCLRE1A group cells was significantly increased,with statistical significance(P＜0.001).RT-PCR results showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the expression level of mtDNA in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group was significantly in-creased(P＜0.001).Western blot analysis showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the relative expression levels of TFAM and PGC1α proteins in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group were significantly increased(P＜0.001).Immunofluores-cence staining results showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the MMP level in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group was significantly restored,and the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS was reduced(P＜0.001).Conclusion Under H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions,DCLRE1A promotes the repair of damaged mtDNA in LECs by regulating mito-chondrial biogenesis,thereby reducing LEC apoptosis and participating in the occurrence and development of ARC.

Objective:To explore the abnormal patterns of brain functional network connectivity in depression adolescents and their diagnostic value in adolescent depression.Methods:A total of 94 depression adolescents (adolescent depression group) admitted to Outpatient Department of Psychiatric Imaging, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected. In addition, 78 age- and gender-matched healthy adolescents were recruited from local community advertisements at the same time-period as healthy control group. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed; after image preprocessing, group-level spatial independent component analysis was performed to identify the intrinsic network connectivity, and differences in network connectivity between the two groups were compared. Functional connectivity edges were employed as classification features, and feature ranking and screening were then performed. A support vector machine (SVM) with linear kernel function was used to construct a classification model, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of this classification model in adolescent depression.Results:No significant difference was noted in age, gender, years of education, and body mass index between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the adolescent depression group had significantly decreased functional connectivity intensity within and between the networks of sensorimotor network (SMN), visual network (VN), auditory network (AN), default mode network (DMN), and cognitive control network (CCN), and significantly increased functional connectivity intensity within CCN ( P<0.05). When using the 75 top-ranked functional connectivity features, this classification model had the best performance (accuracy rate: 70.35%, sensitivity: 70.21%, specificity: 71.80%, P<0.001). ROC curve showed that area under the curve of this classification model in diagnosing adolescent depression was 0.724 (95% CI: 0.648-0.800, P<0.001). A total of 51 consistent functional connectivities were identified and they were mainly located within or between the networks of SMN, VN, AN, DMN, and CCN. Conclusion:The abnormal resting-state brain functional connectivity in depression adolescents can provide imaging basis for their clinical diagnosis.

Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of 16 cephalosporin antibiotics of the fourth generation in whole blood by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),including representative drugs such as cefalexin,cefuroxime axetil,cefetamet pivoxil,ceftizoxime,cefodizime,cefteram pivoxil,cefpodoxime proxetil,cefditoren pivoxil,cefminox sodium,cefoperazone,cefpirome,cefoxitin,cefamandole nafate,cefquinome sulfate,cefpiramide,and ceftiofur.Methods Whole blood was pretreated with acetonitrile for protein precipitation and then determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.The liquid phase used a Hypersil GOLD? C18 column(2.1 mm ×100 mm,1.9 μm).The organic phase was 0.1％formic acid methanol solution,and the aqueous phase was 0.1％formic acid aqueous solution(containing 10 mmol/mL ammonium formate)for gradient elution.Detection was performed in electrospray positive ionization mode with selected reaction monitoring(SRM).Results The 16 drugs showed good linearity within their respective concentration ranges,with R2 values all greater than 0.99.Limits of detection for cefminox sodium and cefpiramide were 50 and 20 ng/mL,respectively,and for the remaining 14 drugs were all lower than 5 ng/mL.The relative standard deviations(RSDs)of intra-day and inter-day precisions at four spiked concentrations for the 16 drugs were all no higher than 10％(n=5).Accuracy ranged within±15％for mosg drugs,except for cefamandole nafate,ceftiofur,and cefetamet pivoxil at the lower limit of quantification,which showed accuracy within±20％.Extraction recoveries exceeded 80％for all compounds.Conclusion This method has high detection sensitivity,rapid speed,and good repeatability for the simultaneously determination of 16 cephalosporin antibiotics in whole blood.

Objective:To establish a standardized code database of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) terms related to linezolid and analyze the common ADRs of linezolid.Methods:Linezolid drug labels, websites (including Side Effect Resource, and the official websites of US Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency and National Medical Products Administration) and scientific literature database (including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases) were systematically searched, and ADR terms about linezolid were collected. ADR terms were mapped to the international classification of diseases-10 (ICD-10) code to establish a linezolid adverse reaction database.Results:A total of 117 ADR terms about linezolid were collected and 91 ICD-10 codes were obtained after being mapped to ICD-10. A standardized database was constructed and successfully embedded into the ADR spontaneous reporting system as a specific drug submodule. The gastrointestinal system, skin and subcutaneous tissue system, various nervous systems, blood and lymphatic systems were the most common system organs involved in linezolid-related ADRs under the 91 ICD-10 codes. Among them, ADRs under the gastrointestinal system codes K14.302 (black hairy tongue) and K52.104 (drug-induced gastroenteritis and colitis), the skin and subcutaneous tissue system code L27.005 (drug-induced dermatitis), various nervous system codes G90.800 (other disorders of autonomic nervous system), G62.001 (drug-induced polyneuropathy) and G44.400 (drug-induced headache, not elsewhere classified), the blood and lymphatic system codes D69.502 (drug- induced thrombocytopenia) and D70.x02 (drug-induced granulocytopenia), the metabolic and nutritional codes E87.204 (lactic acidosis), as well as the endocrine system code E16.000 (drug-induced hypoglycaemia without coma) had been reported frequently in the scientific literature. In addition, there were 14 ADR terms related to linezolid under 13 ICD-10 codes not recorded in the drug instructions.Conclusions:It is feasible to use ICD-10 code to standardize ADR terms related to linezolid and establish a database. Common ADRs of linezolid include thrombocytopenia, lactic acidosis, neutropenia, black hairy tongue, gastroenteritis/colitis, hypoglycemia, rash, serotonin syndrome, peripheral neuropathy and headache, which should be paid attention to and researched furtherly.

Objective To investigate the effects of DNA Cross-Link Repair 1A(DCLRE1A)on mitochondrial func-tion in lens epithelial cells(LECs).Methods Thirty eyes from 30 patients with age-related cataracts(ARC)were select-ed and divided into three groups:cortical type(ARCC group),nuclear type(ARNC group),and posterior subcapsular type(ARPC group),with 10 cases in each group.Additionally,10 eyes from 10 age-matched patients diagnosed with epiretinal membrane and having clear lenses were selected as the control group.Western blot was used to detect the ex-pression levels of DCLRE1A protein in the anterior capsule tissues of patients in each group and in the lens epithelial cell line(SRA01/04)treated with hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in vitro and overexpressed DCLRE1A model(OE-DCLRE1A group).The effects of overexpressed DCLRE1A on the expression levels of mitochondrial transcription factor(TFAM)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α(PGC1α)proteins were also detected.Normal cultured SRA01/04 cells were randomly divided into Control group(untreated),H2 O2 group,H2 O2+HA group(transfected with control plasmid HA),and H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group(transfected with DCLRE1A plasmid).RT-PCR was used to measure mtD-NA expression in each group cells.Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and mitochondrial reactive oxy-gen species(ROS)in each group were detected by immunofluorescence staining.Results Western blot analysis showed that compared with the control group cells,the relative expression levels of DCLRE1A protein in the anterior capsule tis-sues of patients in the ARCC,ARNC,and ARPC groups were all decreased,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.001).In the in vitro H2O2-induced oxidative damage model,compared with the Control group,the relative expression level of DCLRE1A protein in the H2O2 group was significantly decreased(P＜0.001).The overexpression efficiency results of DCLRE1A showed that,compared with the Control group,the relative expression level of DCLRE1A protein in the OE-DCLRE1A group cells was significantly increased,with statistical significance(P＜0.001).RT-PCR results showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the expression level of mtDNA in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group was significantly in-creased(P＜0.001).Western blot analysis showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the relative expression levels of TFAM and PGC1α proteins in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group were significantly increased(P＜0.001).Immunofluores-cence staining results showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the MMP level in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group was significantly restored,and the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS was reduced(P＜0.001).Conclusion Under H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions,DCLRE1A promotes the repair of damaged mtDNA in LECs by regulating mito-chondrial biogenesis,thereby reducing LEC apoptosis and participating in the occurrence and development of ARC.

Prescription optimization is a crucial aspect in the study of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） compounds. In recent years， the introduction of mathematical methods， data mining techniques， and artificial neural networks has provided new tools for elucidating the compatibility rules of TCM compounds. The study of TCM compounds involves numerous variables， including the proportions of different herbs， the specific extraction parts of each ingredient， and the interactions among multiple components. These factors together create a complex nonlinear dose-effect relationship. In this context， it is essential to identify methods that suit the characteristics of TCM compounds and can leverage their advantages for effective application in new drug development. This paper provided a comprehensive review of the cutting-edge optimization experimental design methods applied in recent studies of TCM compound compatibilities. The key technical issues， such as the optimization of source material selection， dosage optimization of compatible herbs， and multi-objective optimization indicators， were discussed. Furthermore， the evaluation methods for component effects were summarized during the optimization process， so as to provide scientific and practical foundations for innovative research in TCM and the development of new drugs based on TCM compounds.

Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of 16 cephalosporin antibiotics of the fourth generation in whole blood by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),including representative drugs such as cefalexin,cefuroxime axetil,cefetamet pivoxil,ceftizoxime,cefodizime,cefteram pivoxil,cefpodoxime proxetil,cefditoren pivoxil,cefminox sodium,cefoperazone,cefpirome,cefoxitin,cefamandole nafate,cefquinome sulfate,cefpiramide,and ceftiofur.Methods Whole blood was pretreated with acetonitrile for protein precipitation and then determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.The liquid phase used a Hypersil GOLD? C18 column(2.1 mm ×100 mm,1.9 μm).The organic phase was 0.1％formic acid methanol solution,and the aqueous phase was 0.1％formic acid aqueous solution(containing 10 mmol/mL ammonium formate)for gradient elution.Detection was performed in electrospray positive ionization mode with selected reaction monitoring(SRM).Results The 16 drugs showed good linearity within their respective concentration ranges,with R2 values all greater than 0.99.Limits of detection for cefminox sodium and cefpiramide were 50 and 20 ng/mL,respectively,and for the remaining 14 drugs were all lower than 5 ng/mL.The relative standard deviations(RSDs)of intra-day and inter-day precisions at four spiked concentrations for the 16 drugs were all no higher than 10％(n=5).Accuracy ranged within±15％for mosg drugs,except for cefamandole nafate,ceftiofur,and cefetamet pivoxil at the lower limit of quantification,which showed accuracy within±20％.Extraction recoveries exceeded 80％for all compounds.Conclusion This method has high detection sensitivity,rapid speed,and good repeatability for the simultaneously determination of 16 cephalosporin antibiotics in whole blood.

Congenital orofacial cleft, the most common birth defect in the maxillofacial region, exhibits a wide range of prognosis depending on the severity of deformity and underlying etiology. Non-syndromic congenital orofacial clefts typically present with milder deformities and more favorable treatment outcomes, whereas syndromic congenital orofacial clefts often manifest with concomitant organ abnormalities, which pose greater challenges for treatment and result in poorer prognosis. This consensus provides an elaborate classification system for varying degrees of orofacial clefts along with corresponding diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines. Results serve as a crucial resource for families to navigate prenatal screening results or make informed decisions regarding treatment options while also contributing significantly to preventing serious birth defects within the development of population.
Humans ; Cleft Lip/diagnosis* ; Cleft Palate/diagnosis* ; Consensus ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Female