Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system and ranks sixth among newly diagnosed malignant tumors worldwide. Transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） regulates cell differentiation， proliferation， apoptosis， and other physiological and pathological mechanisms and exerts cancer-suppressive and pro-cancerous dual effects in the process of tumor development. In recent years， with the continuous exploration of the mechanism of liver cancer， it has been found that the conversion of the cancer-suppressive effect into a pro-cancerous effect of this pathway plays a key role in the development of liver cancer. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） provides a unique perspective for the classification， diagnosis， and treatment of liver cancer with its comprehensive regulatory effects of multi-components， multi-targets， and multi-pathways. This paper summarized that the cancer-suppressive mechanisms of the TGF-β signaling pathway included promoting cancer cell cycle arrest， apoptosis， autophagy， et al， while the pro-cancerous mechanisms included promoting cancer cell proliferation， invasion and metastasis， immunosuppression， angiogenesis， et al. The TCM compounds intervening this pathway were sorted out， including Jianpi Huayu compound， Fuyang Baoyuan compound， Yipi Yanggan compound， Fuzheng Jiedu compound， compound Astragalus and Salvia， Biejia Jianwan， Dahuang Zhechong pill， and Qingxiang powder. The single TCMs mainly included Schizocapsa plantaginea， Dendrobii Caulis， Gleditsia sinensis， and Dracaena cochinchinensis. The active ingredients of TCM are mainly concentrated on flavonoids， alkaloids， glycosides， phenolics， terpenoids， polysaccharides， and other kinds of compounds. At the same time， it summarized that the liver cancer inhibition mechanism of TCM by regulating this pathway mainly included promoting apoptosis of liver cancer cells， blocking the cell cycle， and inhibiting liver cancer cell proliferation， migration， invasion， angiogenesis， immune escape， etc. The mechanism aims to give full play to the advantages of TCM and precisely regulate the TGF-β signal， thereby exerting positive anti-tumor effects， opening up a new direction for the precise targeted treatment of liver cancer， and providing a scientific basis and a new strategy for the application of TCM in the treatment of liver cancer.

Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system and ranks sixth among newly diagnosed malignant tumors worldwide. Transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） regulates cell differentiation， proliferation， apoptosis， and other physiological and pathological mechanisms and exerts cancer-suppressive and pro-cancerous dual effects in the process of tumor development. In recent years， with the continuous exploration of the mechanism of liver cancer， it has been found that the conversion of the cancer-suppressive effect into a pro-cancerous effect of this pathway plays a key role in the development of liver cancer. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） provides a unique perspective for the classification， diagnosis， and treatment of liver cancer with its comprehensive regulatory effects of multi-components， multi-targets， and multi-pathways. This paper summarized that the cancer-suppressive mechanisms of the TGF-β signaling pathway included promoting cancer cell cycle arrest， apoptosis， autophagy， et al， while the pro-cancerous mechanisms included promoting cancer cell proliferation， invasion and metastasis， immunosuppression， angiogenesis， et al. The TCM compounds intervening this pathway were sorted out， including Jianpi Huayu compound， Fuyang Baoyuan compound， Yipi Yanggan compound， Fuzheng Jiedu compound， compound Astragalus and Salvia， Biejia Jianwan， Dahuang Zhechong pill， and Qingxiang powder. The single TCMs mainly included Schizocapsa plantaginea， Dendrobii Caulis， Gleditsia sinensis， and Dracaena cochinchinensis. The active ingredients of TCM are mainly concentrated on flavonoids， alkaloids， glycosides， phenolics， terpenoids， polysaccharides， and other kinds of compounds. At the same time， it summarized that the liver cancer inhibition mechanism of TCM by regulating this pathway mainly included promoting apoptosis of liver cancer cells， blocking the cell cycle， and inhibiting liver cancer cell proliferation， migration， invasion， angiogenesis， immune escape， etc. The mechanism aims to give full play to the advantages of TCM and precisely regulate the TGF-β signal， thereby exerting positive anti-tumor effects， opening up a new direction for the precise targeted treatment of liver cancer， and providing a scientific basis and a new strategy for the application of TCM in the treatment of liver cancer.

Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）， as one of the common malignant tumours， has seen a continuous rise in incidence and mortality worldwide， posing a serious threat to human health. However， traditional treatments have certain limitations， therefore， the exploration of new therapeutic strategies is particularly urgent. In recent years， with in-depth research on the regulatory mechanisms of microRNA（miRNA） in tumour occurrence and development， it has become new targets for HCC diagnosis and treatment. As a traditional treatment method， Chinese medicine， due to its multi-component， multi-pathway， and multi-target overall regulatory characteristics， shows broad prospects in treating HCC by regulating miRNAs. Accordingly， this paper reviews recent studies on the role of miRNAs in HCC and research advances in traditional Chinese medicine interventions， finding that various miRNAs play key roles in HCC cell cycle regulation， proliferation and apoptosis， invasion and metastasis， immune microenvironment， and drug resistance. It summarises how active ingredients， extracts， medicinal pairs， and formulas of Chinese medicine act on specific miRNAs to regulate their downstream target gene expression， affecting the malignant behaviour of HCC cells and exerting anti-cancer effects. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for miRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC， as well as to offer new ideas for developing miRNA-based targeted Chinese medicine therapies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.10.012.].

To understand the background of Escherichia coli(E.coli)carried by artificially bred sika deer and the biological characteristics of the isolated strains,such as drug resistance and pathogenicity,in April 2024,we collected 184 fresh deer fecal samples from four deer farms in Luxiang Township,Shuangyang District,Changchun City,Jilin Province,for isolation and cultivation of E.coli.The isolates were tested for drug resistance and biochemical identification with a BD PhoenixTM-100 Automated Microbiology System.The virulence genes were detected with PCR,and the strains were molecularly typed with ERIC-PCR.A total of 165 E.coli strains were isolated from 184 samples of deer feces,with an isolation rate of 89.67%.Twenty strains had a drug resistance phenotype,and the drug resistance rate was 12.12%;these strains included 15 strains of multi-drug resistant bacteria and 11 strains of ESBL-producing bacteria.Virulence gene detection indicated that the sika deer isolates carried multiple diarrhea-associated virulence genes,such as EAST-1(12.12%),eae(1.21%),stx1(7.88%),stx2(7.27%),and STa(1.82%).ERIC-PCR demonstrated that the isolates showed high polymorphism.The ESBL-producing E.coli carried by sika deer are likely to spread drug resistance in the community and livestock population.Some isolates carried multiple diarrhea-associated virulence genes,thus posing a human transmission risk.Therefore,monitoring of drug resistance and virulence genes must be strengthened,and antibiotics must be used reasonably during the breeding process to avoid excessive use and misuse.

Objective To compare the disinfection effects of chlorine containing disinfectant and quaternary ammonium salt wipes on medical lead clothing used in orthopedic surgery.Methods A total of 18 medical lead clothing used in our hospital for orthopedic surgery were selected as the research objects,and they were randomly divided into the chlorine containing disinfectant group and the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group,with 9 pieces in each group,which were disinfected with chlorine containing disinfectant and quaternary ammonium salt wipes respectively.The number of surface colonies,disinfection qualification rates,internal and external radiation doses,each disinfection cost,and surface damage after 12 months for lead clothing were compared in the two groups.Results At 12 hours after disinfection,the number of surface colonies of lead clothing in the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group was significantly less than that in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05),the disinfection qualification rate was significantly higher than that in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05).After 12 months of disinfection,the radiation dose of internal lead clothing in the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group was significantly lower than that in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05).The time of each disinfection and the surface damage of lead clothing after 12 months of disinfection in the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group were significantly shorter/less than those in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with using chlorine containing disinfectant for the disinfection of medical lead clothing in orthopedic surgery,the use of quaternary ammonium salt wipes can maintain a good disinfection effect for a longer time,which has less influence on the protective effect of lead clothing,and shorter disinfection time,as well as less damage to the surface of lead clothing.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

To understand the background of Escherichia coli(E.coli)carried by artificially bred sika deer and the biological characteristics of the isolated strains,such as drug resistance and pathogenicity,in April 2024,we collected 184 fresh deer fecal samples from four deer farms in Luxiang Township,Shuangyang District,Changchun City,Jilin Province,for isolation and cultivation of E.coli.The isolates were tested for drug resistance and biochemical identification with a BD PhoenixTM-100 Automated Microbiology System.The virulence genes were detected with PCR,and the strains were molecularly typed with ERIC-PCR.A total of 165 E.coli strains were isolated from 184 samples of deer feces,with an isolation rate of 89.67%.Twenty strains had a drug resistance phenotype,and the drug resistance rate was 12.12%;these strains included 15 strains of multi-drug resistant bacteria and 11 strains of ESBL-producing bacteria.Virulence gene detection indicated that the sika deer isolates carried multiple diarrhea-associated virulence genes,such as EAST-1(12.12%),eae(1.21%),stx1(7.88%),stx2(7.27%),and STa(1.82%).ERIC-PCR demonstrated that the isolates showed high polymorphism.The ESBL-producing E.coli carried by sika deer are likely to spread drug resistance in the community and livestock population.Some isolates carried multiple diarrhea-associated virulence genes,thus posing a human transmission risk.Therefore,monitoring of drug resistance and virulence genes must be strengthened,and antibiotics must be used reasonably during the breeding process to avoid excessive use and misuse.

Objective To compare the disinfection effects of chlorine containing disinfectant and quaternary ammonium salt wipes on medical lead clothing used in orthopedic surgery.Methods A total of 18 medical lead clothing used in our hospital for orthopedic surgery were selected as the research objects,and they were randomly divided into the chlorine containing disinfectant group and the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group,with 9 pieces in each group,which were disinfected with chlorine containing disinfectant and quaternary ammonium salt wipes respectively.The number of surface colonies,disinfection qualification rates,internal and external radiation doses,each disinfection cost,and surface damage after 12 months for lead clothing were compared in the two groups.Results At 12 hours after disinfection,the number of surface colonies of lead clothing in the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group was significantly less than that in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05),the disinfection qualification rate was significantly higher than that in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05).After 12 months of disinfection,the radiation dose of internal lead clothing in the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group was significantly lower than that in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05).The time of each disinfection and the surface damage of lead clothing after 12 months of disinfection in the quaternary ammonium salt wipes group were significantly shorter/less than those in the chlorine containing disinfectant group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with using chlorine containing disinfectant for the disinfection of medical lead clothing in orthopedic surgery,the use of quaternary ammonium salt wipes can maintain a good disinfection effect for a longer time,which has less influence on the protective effect of lead clothing,and shorter disinfection time,as well as less damage to the surface of lead clothing.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.