Objective: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia indicate a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of negative symptoms remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between negative symptoms in schizophrenia and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA). Methods: The study used a 32-channel electroencephalography to acquire alpha power in 4 target-paired sites in each patient. Regional alpha asymmetry was calculated based on the alpha power using EEGLAB Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Toolbox. Results: Sixty schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms (PNS), 72 stabilized schizophrenia (SS) patients, and 73 healthy control (HC) participants were enrolled in this study. No significant differences were observed in FAA between the PNS and SS groups, although both groups exhibited reduced P3-P4 alpha asymmetry compared to HCs. A positive correlation was found between F7-F8 alpha asymmetry and illness duration. Additionally, a predictive model based on P3-P4 alpha asymmetry scores was able to differentiate schizophrenia patients from HCs, achieving a sensitivity of 71.2% and a specificity of 72.6%. Conclusion This study highlighted that parietal alpha asymmetry could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for schizophrenia.

Objective: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia indicate a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of negative symptoms remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between negative symptoms in schizophrenia and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA). Methods: The study used a 32-channel electroencephalography to acquire alpha power in 4 target-paired sites in each patient. Regional alpha asymmetry was calculated based on the alpha power using EEGLAB Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Toolbox. Results: Sixty schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms (PNS), 72 stabilized schizophrenia (SS) patients, and 73 healthy control (HC) participants were enrolled in this study. No significant differences were observed in FAA between the PNS and SS groups, although both groups exhibited reduced P3-P4 alpha asymmetry compared to HCs. A positive correlation was found between F7-F8 alpha asymmetry and illness duration. Additionally, a predictive model based on P3-P4 alpha asymmetry scores was able to differentiate schizophrenia patients from HCs, achieving a sensitivity of 71.2% and a specificity of 72.6%. Conclusion This study highlighted that parietal alpha asymmetry could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for schizophrenia.

Objective: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia indicate a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of negative symptoms remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between negative symptoms in schizophrenia and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA). Methods: The study used a 32-channel electroencephalography to acquire alpha power in 4 target-paired sites in each patient. Regional alpha asymmetry was calculated based on the alpha power using EEGLAB Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Toolbox. Results: Sixty schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms (PNS), 72 stabilized schizophrenia (SS) patients, and 73 healthy control (HC) participants were enrolled in this study. No significant differences were observed in FAA between the PNS and SS groups, although both groups exhibited reduced P3-P4 alpha asymmetry compared to HCs. A positive correlation was found between F7-F8 alpha asymmetry and illness duration. Additionally, a predictive model based on P3-P4 alpha asymmetry scores was able to differentiate schizophrenia patients from HCs, achieving a sensitivity of 71.2% and a specificity of 72.6%. Conclusion This study highlighted that parietal alpha asymmetry could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for schizophrenia.

Objective: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia indicate a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of negative symptoms remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between negative symptoms in schizophrenia and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA). Methods: The study used a 32-channel electroencephalography to acquire alpha power in 4 target-paired sites in each patient. Regional alpha asymmetry was calculated based on the alpha power using EEGLAB Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Toolbox. Results: Sixty schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms (PNS), 72 stabilized schizophrenia (SS) patients, and 73 healthy control (HC) participants were enrolled in this study. No significant differences were observed in FAA between the PNS and SS groups, although both groups exhibited reduced P3-P4 alpha asymmetry compared to HCs. A positive correlation was found between F7-F8 alpha asymmetry and illness duration. Additionally, a predictive model based on P3-P4 alpha asymmetry scores was able to differentiate schizophrenia patients from HCs, achieving a sensitivity of 71.2% and a specificity of 72.6%. Conclusion This study highlighted that parietal alpha asymmetry could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for schizophrenia.

Objective: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia indicate a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of negative symptoms remain unclear. This study investigated the relationship between negative symptoms in schizophrenia and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA). Methods: The study used a 32-channel electroencephalography to acquire alpha power in 4 target-paired sites in each patient. Regional alpha asymmetry was calculated based on the alpha power using EEGLAB Frontal Alpha Asymmetry Toolbox. Results: Sixty schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms (PNS), 72 stabilized schizophrenia (SS) patients, and 73 healthy control (HC) participants were enrolled in this study. No significant differences were observed in FAA between the PNS and SS groups, although both groups exhibited reduced P3-P4 alpha asymmetry compared to HCs. A positive correlation was found between F7-F8 alpha asymmetry and illness duration. Additionally, a predictive model based on P3-P4 alpha asymmetry scores was able to differentiate schizophrenia patients from HCs, achieving a sensitivity of 71.2% and a specificity of 72.6%. Conclusion This study highlighted that parietal alpha asymmetry could serve as a valuable diagnostic tool for schizophrenia.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin and linagliptin in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)with heart failure(HF).Methods Patients with T2DM and HF were randomly into control group and treatment group.Both groups were treated with individualized anti-HF and metformin-based hypoglycemic therapy.On this basis,the control group was given linagliptin orally(5 mg each time,once a day),while the treatment group was given oral administration of empagliflozin 10 mg every day.Patients in both groups were treated continuously for 6 months.The clinical efficacy and blood glucose indicators[fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 h PBG),hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)],cardiac molecular markers[N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23),copeptin(CPP)]and caridac function indicators[left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular remodeling index(LVRI)]before and after treatment were compared,and the adverse drug reactions were recorded.Results There were 40 cases in treatment group and 40 cases in control group.After treatment,the total effective rates in treatment group and control group were 97.50％(39 cases/40 cases)and 80.00％(32 cases/40 cases),with no significant difference(P＜0.05).The FBG levels in treatment group and control group were(7.64±1.18)and(7.83±1.24)mmol·L-1;2 h PBG levels were(8.97±1.46)and(9.04±1.35)mmol·L-1;HbA1c levels were(7.58±1.27)％and(7.65±1.42)％,all with no significant difference(all P＞0.05).The NT-proBNP levels in treatment group and control group were(612.53±204.62)and(1 045.24±316.75)pg·mL-1;FGF23 levels were(362.74±62.61)and(493.27±74.64)μg·L-1;CPP levels were(12.58±3.43)and(16.87±4.36)pmol·L-1;LVEDD values were(51.19±2.36)and(53.35±2.24)mm;LVEF values were(52.69±3.38)％and(50.28±3.75)％;LVRI values were(2.62±0.29)and(2.96±0.33)kg·L-1,all with significant difference(all P＜0.05).The incidence rates of adverse reactions in treatment group and control group were 5.00％(2 cases/40 cases)and 10.00％(4 cases/40 cases),with no significant difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion Both empagliflozin and linagliptin can effectively reduce the blood glucose in patients with T2DM complicated with HF.Empagliflozin can better promote the improvement of cardiac function in patients without significantly increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Objective To investigate the effects of palmatine on migration,invasion and epithelial mesenchymal transformation(EMT)in human oral cancer KB cells.Methods KB cells were divided into control group and palmatine-L,-M,-H groups,cultured with 0,4,8 and 16 μmol·L-1 palmatine.After incubation for 48 h,scratch assay was used to detect migration;Traswell assay was used to detect invasion;matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2),MMP-9 and fibronectin(FN)contents were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;the expression of Vimentin,N-cadherin and E-cadherin mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction;the expression of Vimentin,N-cadherin,E-cadherin,Wnt3 and β-catenin protein were detected by Western blot.Results Cell mobility in control group and palmatine-L,-M,-H groups were(69.27±8.62)％,(52.94±4.49)％,(45.22±5.05)％and(37.63±4.88)％;the number of transmembrane cells were 197.33±20.26,125.33±12.01,97.00±9.17 and 62.67±7.51;the content of MMP-2 were(2.93±0.21),(1.49±0.13),(1.16±0.15)and(0.95±0.09)ng·mL-1;the content of MMP-9 were(3.51±0.36),(2.37±0.23),(2.06±0.35)and(1.72±0.16)ng·mL-1;the content of FN were(41.28±4.02),(24.03±3.17),(20.67±2.63)and(13.82±2.19)ng·mL-1;the above indexes in palmatine-L,-M,-H groups were compared with the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The mRNA and protein expressions of Vimentin,N-cadherin and E-cadherin,and the expressions of Wnt3 and β-catenin protein in palmatine-L,-M,-H groups were statistically significant compared with those in control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Palmatine can inhibit the migration,invasion and EMT of human oral cancer KB cells,and its mechanism is related to the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of ulinastatin in reducing lung injury in neonatal sepsis rats.Methods Sepsis-induced lung injury patients(sepsis lung injury group)and healthy newborns born during the same period(control group)were selected as research subjects,and venous blood from newborns of each group was collected for use.Newborn SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group(given an equal volume of 0.9％NaCl),model group(4 mg·kg-1 lipopolysaccharide),and ulinastatin group(4 mg·kg-1 lipopolysaccharide+5 × 104 U·kg-1 ulinastatin),with 12 rats in each group.Survival of the rats within 24 hours of injection was observed,and after 24 hours,blood was collected from the heart,and lung tissues were collected.Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of CRNDE and miR-29a in serum and lung tissue.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors such as interleukin 6(IL-6).Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the interaction between CRNDE and miR-29a.Kit methods were used to detect reactive oxygen species(ROS)and other oxidative stress indicators.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of heme oxygenase 1(HO-1).In situ fluorescence hybridization was used to detect the expression of CRNDE and miR-29a.Results The serum CRNDE expression levels in control group and sepsis lung injury group were 1.00±0.16 and 0.41±0.09,respectively;the expression levels of miR-29a were 1.00±0.14 and 1.83±0.25,respectively;IL-6 levels were(4.13±0.86)and(12.61±2.57)ng·mL-1,respectively.Compared with the control group,the above indexes in the sepsis lung injury group were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The lung injury scores of blank control group,model group and ulinastatin group were 0.62±0.24,4.96±1.28,2.13±0.86,respectively;ROS levels were(0.93±0.15),(2.61±0.35),(1.58±0.23)U·mg-1,respectively;the protein levels of HO-1 were 1.00±0.17,2.19±0.31,1.17±0.16,respectively;IL-6 levels were(46.15±7.62),(186.77±21.30),(113.46±14.68)pg·mL-1,respectively;the expression levels of CRNDE were 1.00±0.12,0.41±0.06,0.82±0.13,respectively;the expression levels of miR-29a were 1.00±0.14,2.38±0.21 and 1.62±0.19,respectively.The above indexes were compared between blank control group and sepsis lung injury group,model group and blank control group,ulinastatin group and model group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Ulinastatin may alleviate lung injury in neonatal sepsis through IncRNA CRNDE/miR-29a signaling pathway.

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), a core transcription factor responding to changes in cellular oxygen levels, is closely associated with a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions. However, its differential impacts on vascular cell types and molecular programs modulating human vascular homeostasis and regeneration remain largely elusive. Here, we applied CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of human embryonic stem cells and directed differentiation to generate HIF-1α-deficient human vascular cells including vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a platform for discovering cell type-specific hypoxia-induced response mechanisms. Through comparative molecular profiling across cell types under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, we provide insight into the indispensable role of HIF-1α in the promotion of ischemic vascular regeneration. We found human MSCs to be the vascular cell type most susceptible to HIF-1α deficiency, and that transcriptional inactivation of ANKZF1, an effector of HIF-1α, impaired pro-angiogenic processes. Altogether, our findings deepen the understanding of HIF-1α in human angiogenesis and support further explorations of novel therapeutic strategies of vascular regeneration against ischemic damage.
Humans ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism* ; Endothelial Cells/metabolism* ; Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Hypoxia/metabolism* ; Cell Hypoxia/physiology*

Objective To compare the value of 7 different thyroid imaging reporting and data systems(TI-RADS)for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules under the context of Hashimoto thyroiditis(HT).Methods A total of 338 thyroid nodules in 200 HT patients were enrolled,including 167 benign and 171 malignant ones.Kwak-TIRADS,American Thyroid Association(ATA)guideline,American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists(A ACE)/American College of Endocrinology(ACE)/Associazione Medici Endocrinologi(AME)guideline,K-TIRADS of Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology,EU-TIRADS of European Thyroid Association,American College of Radiology(ACR)-TIRADS and 2020 Chinese guidelines for malignant risk stratification of thyroid nodules by ultrasound proposed by the superficial organs and vessels group of the ultrasound medicine branch of the Chinese Medical Association(C-TIRADS)were used for grading of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.Taken pathological results as gold standards,the diagnostic efficacy of 7 kinds of TI-RADS were analyzed.Results The sensitivity of Kwak-TIRADS,ATA guideline,A ACE/ACE/AME guideline,K-TIRADS,EU-TIRADS,ACR-TIRADS and C-TIRADS for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules under the context of HT was 97.08％,98.25％,99.42％,95.91％,99.42％,90.06％and 99.42％,respectively,the specificity was 88.02％,83.23％,82.04％,88.02％,82.04％,86.83％and 84.43％,respectively,and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.946,0.913,0.907,0.934,0.909,0.916 and 0.960,respectively.The sensitivity of C-TIRADS,EU-TIRADS and A ACE/ACE/AME guideline were all higher than that of K-TIRADS and ACR-TIRADS(all P＜0.05),and the specificity of Kawk-TIRADS and K-TIRADS were both higher than that of C-TIRADS,ATA guideline,EU-TIRADS and AACE/ACE/AME guideline(all P＜0.05),while AUC of C-TIRADS and Kawk-TIRADS were both higher than that of the rest 5 kinds of TI-RADS(all P＜0.05).According to Kwak-TIRADS,ATA guideline,AACE/ACE/AME guideline,K-TIRADS,EU-TIRADS,ACR-TIRADS and C-TIRADS,the malignant rate of different grades nodules identified with the same TI-RADS were significant different(all P＜0.05),which all raised with the increase of TI-RADS grade.Conclusion C-TIRADS and Kawk-TIRADS had better value for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules under the context of HT,among which C-TIRADS had higher sensitivity and Kawk-TIRADS had higher specificity.