With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective To understand the implementation status of"Diagnosis of Ascariasis"(WS/T 565-2017)and provide a scientific basis for promoting,revising,and improving the Standard.Methods Using the convenient sampling method,the investigation targeted professional and technical personnel at the provincial,city,county,and township levels engaged in parasitic disease prevention,control,or diagnosis and treatment in Anhui and Sichuan provinces.No less than 150 individuals were included in each province.The implementation survey of Diagnosis of Ascariasis(WS/T 565-2017)was conducted by the subjects completing a questionnaire by themselves.Results The response rate to the questionnaire was 91.90%(386/420).The awareness and utilization rates of the Standard were 81.87%and 49.22%,respectively and both increased with age(χ2 trend=7.977 and 19.016,respectively,P＜0.01).Respondents with college degrees(90.72%)had a higher awareness rate(χ2=8.619,P＜0.05).In terms of utilization rate,males(58.38%),those with college degrees(67.01%),staff members of provincial-level units(77.78%),and personnel in medical institutions(71.43%)had higher utilization rates(χ2=13.486,17.166,8.426,and 5.956,respectively,all P＜0.05).The survey indicated that 57.77%of the work units of respondents have conducted promotional activities,and 53.89%of the work units of respondents have sent personnel to participate in training.Moreover,this proportion tended to increase as the unit level decreased(χ2 trend=9.403 and 14.729,P＜0.01).The level of participation in publicity and training by medical institutions(89.29%)was significantly higher than that of disease control institutions(55.31%and 51.12%,respectively,χ2=12.290 and 15.225,P＜0.01).Furthermore,training participation is a crucial factor in enhancing awareness rates.A total of 368 respondents(95.34%)reported that their work units have conducted testing for ascariasis.Additionally,378 individuals(97.92%)believe that the Standard is"applicable"or"basically applicable,"while 369(95.60%)felt that no revisions were needed.Conclusions The results indicated that"Diagnosis of Ascariasis"(WS/T 565-2017)remains applicable to the diagnostic needs of ascariasis and it is recommended to strengthen its promotion and implementation.

Sishen Pills and its separated prescriptions are classic prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine to treat intestinal diseases. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) technology was used to identify the components of Sishen Pills, Ershen Pills, and Wuweizi Powder. The positive and negative ion sources of electrospray ionization were simultaneously collected by mass spectrometry. A total of 11 effective components were detected in Sishen Pills, with four effective components detected in Ershen Pills and eight effective components detected in Wuweizi Powder, respectively. To explore the effects of Sishen Pills and its separated prescriptions on the human intestinal flora, an in vitro anaerobic fermentation model was established, and the human intestinal flora was incubated with Sishen Pills, Ershen Pills, and Wuweizi Powder in vitro. The 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes in the intestinal flora. The results showed that compared with the control group, Sishen Pills, and its separated prescriptions could decrease the intestinal flora abundance and increase the Shannon index after fermentation. The abundance of Bifidobacterium was significantly increased in the Sishen Pills and Ershen Pills groups. However, the abundance of Lactobacillus, Weissella, and Pediococcus was significantly increased in the Wuweizi Powder group. After fermentation for 12 h, the pH of the fermentation solution of three kinds of liquids with feces gradually decreased and was lower than that of the control group. The decreasing amplitude in the Wuweizi Powder group was the most obvious. The single-bacteria fermentation experiments further confirmed that Sishen Pills and Wuweizi Powder had inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis, and the antibacterial activity of Wuweizi Powder was stronger than that of Sishen Pills. Both Sishen Pills and Ershen Pills could promote the growth of Lactobacillus brevis, and Ershen Pills could promote the growth of Bifidobacterium adolescentis. This study provided a more sufficient theoretical basis for the clinical application of Sishen Pills and its separated prescriptions.
Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Fermentation/drug effects* ; Bacteria/drug effects* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Intestines/microbiology*

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a complex disease that is often accompanied by mental health disorders. However, the potential mechanisms underlying the heterogeneous clinical presentation of CP/CPPS remain uncertain. This study analyzed widely targeted metabolomic data of expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) and plasma to reveal the underlying pathological mechanisms of CP/CPPS. A total of 24 CP/CPPS patients from The Second Nanning People's Hospital (Nanning, China), and 35 asymptomatic control individuals from First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (Nanning, China) were enrolled. The indicators related to CP/CPPS and psychiatric symptoms were recorded. Differential analysis, coexpression network analysis, and correlation analysis were performed to identify metabolites that were specifically altered in patients and associated with various phenotypes of CP/CPPS. The crucial links between EPS and plasma were further investigated. The metabolomic data of EPS from CP/CPPS patients were significantly different from those from control individuals. Pathway analysis revealed dysregulation of amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the citrate cycle in EPS. The tryptophan metabolic pathway was found to be the most significantly altered pathway associated with distinct CP/CPPS phenotypes. Moreover, the dysregulation of tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism and elevation of oxidative stress-related metabolites in plasma were found to effectively elucidate the development of depression in CP/CPPS. Overall, metabolomic alterations in the EPS and plasma of patients were primarily associated with oxidative damage, energy metabolism abnormalities, neurological impairment, and immune dysregulation. These alterations may be associated with chronic pain, voiding symptoms, reduced fertility, and depression in CP/CPPS. This study provides a local-global perspective for understanding the pathological mechanisms of CP/CPPS and offers potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatitis/blood* ; Adult ; Pelvic Pain/blood* ; Metabolomics ; Prostate/metabolism* ; Middle Aged ; Chronic Pain/blood* ; Metabolome ; Case-Control Studies ; Tryptophan/blood* ; Depression/blood* ; Oxidative Stress/physiology* ; Chronic Disease ; Lipid Metabolism/physiology*

Objective To explore the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)inhibitor LW6 on ferroptosis in septic cardiomyopathy rats.Methods Rat septic cardiomyopathy model was prepared using cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)method.Thirty-six specific pathogen-free(SPF)6-8 weeks male SD rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group,CLP group,CLP+solvent group,LW6 group,ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)group,and LW6+Fer-1 group.The degree of myocardial damage in each group was evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin stai-ning and detection of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase content in cardiac tissue.Myocardial mitochondrial damage was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Ferroptosis level was determined by detecting iron ion concentration,reduced glutathione,malondialdehyde,and reactive oxygen species.Protein expression levels of HIF-1α,solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)in cardiac tissue were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the CLP group and the CLP+solvent group,the LW6 group could ameliorate myocardial damage,alleviate mitochondrial damage,inhibit ferroptosis-related indicators(all P＜0.05),reduce HIF-1α protein expression levels(P＜0.05),and enhance SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein expression levels(both P＜0.05).Conclusion LW6 decreases HIF-1α expression and ferroptosis levels through the SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway,and ameliorates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.

Objective To investigate whether orexin A(orexin-A),orexin receptor 1(OX1R)and orexin receptor 2(OX2R)are involved in iron death and lipid peroxidation regulation in chronically unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)depressed rats.Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into a normal group(NC group),a modeling group(Mod group),an exogenous Orexin-A group(Orexin-A group,),and an OX1R/OX2R blocker group(TCS1102 group),with 10 rats in each group.After modeling,behavioral changes were observed using the absent field test(OFT),sugar-water preference test(SPT)and forced swimming test(FST),action potential(PA)and resting membrane potential(Vm)were detected by diaphragm-clamp technique,Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R protein expression in orbital frontal cortex(OFC)tissues was detected by protein immunoblotting(WB)method,RT-PCR The mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),long chain acyl coenzyme A synthase 4(ACSL4)and cysteine/glutamate transporter light chain(SLC7A11)were detected by RT-PCR method,and the intensity of the expression of rat glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynon-enal(4-HNE)was labeled by immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the NC group,there were significant differences in OFT,SPT and FST behavioral in the Mod group(P<0.01),with lower number of PA issuance(P<0.001),higher Vm(P<0.01),and higher expression of Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R proteins(P<0.01,P<0.001,and P<0.001).GPX4/SLC7A11 mRNA expression was decreased(P<0.01),ACSL4 mRNA expression was elevated(P<0.01),and the fluorescence intensity expression of both GFAP and 4-HNE was elevated(P<0.001);the number of PA issuance was decreased in the Orexin-A group compared to the Mod group(P<0.05),and the Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R protein expression was elevated(P<0.05,P<0.01),GPX4/SLC7A11 mRNA ex-pression was decreased(P<0.05),ACSL4 mRNA expression was elevated(P<0.05),and the fluorescence in-tensity of GFAP and 4-HNE expression was elevated(P<0.05,P<0.01);the TCS1102 group had higher expres-sion of GFAP and 4-HNE in the behavioral,Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R protein expression,PA and Vm,GPX4/SLC7A11/ACSL4 mRNA,and GFAP and 4-HNE fluorescence intensity expression showed a reversed trend.Con-clusions Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R is involved in the regulation of iron death and lipid peroxidation in CUMS de-pressed rats,and the mechanism may be that Orexin-A enhances the excitability of OFC neurons by activating the OX1R/OX2R signaling pathway,up-regulates the expression of the key factor of iron death,ACSL4/4-HNE,and decreases the expression of GPX4/SLC7A11,which promotes lipid peroxidation and iron death.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective:To investigate the pharmacological mechanism of Compound Xuanju Capsule in the treatment of erectile dysfunction(ED)by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.Methods:The active ingredients and targets of Compound Xuanju Capsule were screened using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP).TTD,OMIM,DrugBank and GeneCards databases were used to obtain genes related to ED,and the union of the results was taken as the disease genes of ED.The common target of drug and disease was taken as the potential target of Compound Xuanju Capsule in ED,and the drug-disease interaction network was constructed by using Cytoscape software.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed by using String database,which was then imported into Cytoscape to identify the key target.Based on the drug-disease intersection genes,GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to predict the relevant signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of Compound Xuanju Capsule for the treatment of ED.Autodock software was used to perform molecular docking between the active ingredients and the core targets.Results:Forty chemical components of Compound Xuanju Capsule were screened,and 239 predicted targets were obtained.A total of 1 907 ED-related genes were screened,and 97 common targets were identified between Compound Xuanju Capsule and ED,among which the core targets included EGFR,ESR1,HIF1A,PTGS2,and STAT3.The signaling pathways obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis included calcium signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,cGMP-PKG signaling pathway,relaxin signaling pathway,Serotonergic synapse signaling pathway.The molecular docking results showed that there were molecular binding sites between the key active ingredients and the core targets with strong binding activity.Conclusion:Compound Xuanju Capsule may treat ED through multi-target pathways such as anti-inflamnmato-ry and improving cellular oxidative stress.

Objective To investigate whether orexin A(orexin-A),orexin receptor 1(OX1R)and orexin receptor 2(OX2R)are involved in iron death and lipid peroxidation regulation in chronically unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)depressed rats.Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into a normal group(NC group),a modeling group(Mod group),an exogenous Orexin-A group(Orexin-A group,),and an OX1R/OX2R blocker group(TCS1102 group),with 10 rats in each group.After modeling,behavioral changes were observed using the absent field test(OFT),sugar-water preference test(SPT)and forced swimming test(FST),action potential(PA)and resting membrane potential(Vm)were detected by diaphragm-clamp technique,Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R protein expression in orbital frontal cortex(OFC)tissues was detected by protein immunoblotting(WB)method,RT-PCR The mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),long chain acyl coenzyme A synthase 4(ACSL4)and cysteine/glutamate transporter light chain(SLC7A11)were detected by RT-PCR method,and the intensity of the expression of rat glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynon-enal(4-HNE)was labeled by immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the NC group,there were significant differences in OFT,SPT and FST behavioral in the Mod group(P<0.01),with lower number of PA issuance(P<0.001),higher Vm(P<0.01),and higher expression of Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R proteins(P<0.01,P<0.001,and P<0.001).GPX4/SLC7A11 mRNA expression was decreased(P<0.01),ACSL4 mRNA expression was elevated(P<0.01),and the fluorescence intensity expression of both GFAP and 4-HNE was elevated(P<0.001);the number of PA issuance was decreased in the Orexin-A group compared to the Mod group(P<0.05),and the Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R protein expression was elevated(P<0.05,P<0.01),GPX4/SLC7A11 mRNA ex-pression was decreased(P<0.05),ACSL4 mRNA expression was elevated(P<0.05),and the fluorescence in-tensity of GFAP and 4-HNE expression was elevated(P<0.05,P<0.01);the TCS1102 group had higher expres-sion of GFAP and 4-HNE in the behavioral,Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R protein expression,PA and Vm,GPX4/SLC7A11/ACSL4 mRNA,and GFAP and 4-HNE fluorescence intensity expression showed a reversed trend.Con-clusions Orexin-A/OX1R/OX2R is involved in the regulation of iron death and lipid peroxidation in CUMS de-pressed rats,and the mechanism may be that Orexin-A enhances the excitability of OFC neurons by activating the OX1R/OX2R signaling pathway,up-regulates the expression of the key factor of iron death,ACSL4/4-HNE,and decreases the expression of GPX4/SLC7A11,which promotes lipid peroxidation and iron death.

Objective To explore the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)inhibitor LW6 on ferroptosis in septic cardiomyopathy rats.Methods Rat septic cardiomyopathy model was prepared using cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)method.Thirty-six specific pathogen-free(SPF)6-8 weeks male SD rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group,CLP group,CLP+solvent group,LW6 group,ferrostatin-1(Fer-1)group,and LW6+Fer-1 group.The degree of myocardial damage in each group was evaluated through hematoxylin-eosin stai-ning and detection of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase content in cardiac tissue.Myocardial mitochondrial damage was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Ferroptosis level was determined by detecting iron ion concentration,reduced glutathione,malondialdehyde,and reactive oxygen species.Protein expression levels of HIF-1α,solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)in cardiac tissue were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the CLP group and the CLP+solvent group,the LW6 group could ameliorate myocardial damage,alleviate mitochondrial damage,inhibit ferroptosis-related indicators(all P＜0.05),reduce HIF-1α protein expression levels(P＜0.05),and enhance SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein expression levels(both P＜0.05).Conclusion LW6 decreases HIF-1α expression and ferroptosis levels through the SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway,and ameliorates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.