Background The widespread use of herbicides has led to environmental contamination and has implications for human health. The liver is an important organ for the detoxification of environmental pollutants; however, studies on the association between herbicide exposure and liver function are limited. Objectives To investigate the association between baseline serum herbicide levels and changes in liver enzyme levels and liver enzyme abnormalities over a 5-year period in middle-aged and older adults. Methods This study was based on a nested case-control population of type 2 diabetes established in the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, with a total of 1388 subjects included in this study and followed up for 5 years. Epidemiological data were collected through questionnaires, and baseline serum concentrations of three herbicides (metolachlor, propham, and acetochlor) were measured by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were detected at baseline and follow-up visits. The associations between baseline serum herbicide levels and changes in AST and ALT over 5 years were assessed using linear regression models with herbicide levels categorized into quartiles, adjusting for age, sex, education level, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, body mass index, and new-onset type 2 diabetes occurred during follow-up. The relationship between baseline serum herbicide levels and the risk of liver enzyme abnormalities during follow-up was further analyzed using logistic regression models. Results The positive rates of metolachlor, propham, and acetochlor were all higher than 80%, and their spiked rates of recovery ranged from 73.46% to 106.77%. The mean ± standard deviation of the age of subjects at baseline was (62.7±7.6) years, with 34.1% being male. The median serum levels of metolachlor, propham, and acetochlor at baseline were 0.05, 0.16, and 0.03 ng·mL⁻¹, respectively. There was no significant difference in baseline serum herbicide levels between the normal and abnormal liver enzyme groups at follow-up (P >0.05). The baseline liver enzyme levels and the changes in AST and ALT over 5 years in those who developed abnormal liver enzymes were significantly higher than those in the normal liver enzyme group (P <0.05). The linear regression analysis showed that the changes in AST increased progressively over 5 years in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of propham compared to the lowest quartile group (the second quartile: b=1.49, 95%CI: 0.10, 2.87; the third quartile: b=1.52, 95%CI: 0.14, 2.90; the fourth quartile: b=1.69, 95%CI: 0.31, 3.08; P <0.05). The associations of serum metolachlor and acetochlor with changes in AST were not significant. Additionally, no significant relationships were found between the three serum herbicides and the changes in ALT over 5 years or the risk of liver enzyme abnormalities. Conclusion Serum propham levels in middle-aged and older adults are positively associated with changes in liver enzyme AST, which may have an effect on liver function. More studies are needed to provide scientific evidence for the association between herbicide exposure and liver function.

Cell Biology is one of the most rapidly developing branches of modern life sciences, characterized by distinct interdisciplinary integration. It provides theoretical foundations, experimental skills, and cutting-edge perspectives for undergraduate and graduate students in bioscience and related majors. Against the backdrop of higher education reform in the new era, the Cell Biology teaching team at the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) has restructured the curriculum. The course focuses on the fundamental structures and life processes of cells while incorporating ideological and political elements to foster students’ scientific mindset, patriotic sentiment, and social responsibility. By optimizing teaching design, enhancing practical components, and innovating assessment methods, the course integrates knowledge transfer, skill development, and value education. This paper summarizes preliminary experiences from the teaching development and educational practice of the undergraduate Cell Biology course at UCAS, serving as a reference for collaborative research- and teaching-oriented courses in science and engineering.

Objective To investigate the satisfaction of patients with Crowe Ⅲ-Ⅳ developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)after total hip arthroplasty and the related factors.Methods A retrospective study included 169 patients with Crowe type Ⅲ-Ⅳ DDH who underwent total hip arthroplasty between March 2013 and March 2018.Patients were surveyed through WeChat,covering overall satisfaction with the operation,satisfaction with ten daily functions,and the top five questions per-ceived to have a great impact on daily life.Preoperative and postoperative hip function was evaluated by Harris score.Results One hundred and forty-five questionnaires were received,with a follow-up period ranging from 1 to 5 years with an average of(3.23±1.22)years.Among these patients,118 patients were satisfied with the surgical outcomes,while 27 patients were dissat-isfied,with the overall satisfaction rate of 81.38％(118/145).The top five problems affecting patient life were postoperative hip pain,limb length discrepancy,walking,stair climbing,and squatting.There were no statistical differences in age,sex,body mass index,preoperative Harris scores(P＞0.05).However,the dissatisfied group had lower postoperative Harris scores.Post-operative hip pain and limb length discrepancy were identified as direct factors contributing to postoperative surgical dissatis-faction.Conclusion Total hip arthroplasty for patients with Crowe type Ⅲ-Ⅳ DDH is challenging.Postoperative hip pain(mild or severe)and limb length discrepancy(＞2 cm)are independent risk factors for postoperative dissatisfaction.

Chronic prostatitis is a process of kidney deficiency and blood stasis mixed with various pathological factors involving the essence chamber,which is manifested as kidney deficiency and blood stasis.Based on the concept of the"brain-heart-kidney-es-sence chamber"axis of medication,Xiongji Formula is applied to the treatment of chronic prostatitis,due to its"simultaneous holistic and local action"and effects of tonifying the kidney yang and assisting the systemic yang,acting on the brain,heart and kidney as a whole,and meanwhile activating blood circulation,eliminating blood stasis and restoring the function of the essence chamber.This pa-per discusses the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic prostatitis with kidney deficiency and blood stasis in Chinese medicine,expounds the significance of"brain-heart-kidney-essence chamber"axis of medication,and explores the specific value and clinical application of Xiongji Formula.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome (PGS) after laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision (CME) for right colon cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 358 patients who underwent laparoscopic CME for right colon cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistics regression were used to analyze the independent risk factors for PGS.Results:PGS occurred in 19 patients (4.8%). Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative anxiety score (PAS-7)≥14 ( OR=6.450, P=0.039), preoperative serum albumin<35 g/L ( OR=9.302, P=0.011), colon cancer at hepatic flexura ( OR=9.782, P=0.007), No.206 group lymph node dissection ( OR=8.317, P=0.004), and intra-abdominal infection ( OR=5.755, P=0.043) were independent risk factors for PGS. Conclusion:Patient's preoperative health status, tumor location, scope of lymph node dissection and postoperative intra-abdominal infection are all risk factors related to PGS after CME for right colon cancer.

With continuous developments of regenerative medicine, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome (MSC-Exo) has attracted a growing attention of researchers with their inherent advantages of promoting tissue regeneration, an excellent biocompatibility and a great ease of penetration into tissues. Its specific mechanism has become a research hotspot. In cardiothoracic surgery, the role of MSC-Exo has been gradually examined. Currently the relevant studies have been conducted in the fields of cardiology, ung disease, lung transplant, tracheal transplantation and esophageal repair. The latest researches on MSC-Exo in the field of cardiothoracic surgery as well as its mechanism and outcomes were systematically summarized to provide references for more related researches in the future.

Objective To carry out rigid-body inverse dynamics modelling and analysis of a self-designed 6RSS parallel bio-inspired masticatory robot.Methods Firstly,the functions of kinematic variables including translational/rotational velocities and accelerations were derived for rigid-body inverse dynamics modelling.Secondly,the rigid-body inverse dynamics model was established with the Newton-Euler's law.Finally,the chewing motion trajectories of the oral health volunteers were tracked and numerical calculations were carried out in the case where the robot was subjected to a chewing reaction force.Results Numerical calculations showed that the driving torque and the constraint force of the robot peaked when the chewing reaction force was at its maximum.Conclusion The external force has a large impact on the inverse dynamics of the robot,and theoretical references are provided for the motion control and optimal design of the robot.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):16-22]

Analyzing polysorbate 20(PS20)composition and the impact of each component on stability and safety is crucial due to formulation variations and individual tolerance.The similar structures and polarities of PS20 components make accurate separation,identification,and quantification challenging.In this work,a high-resolution quantitative method was developed using single-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)with charged aerosol detection(CAD)to separate 18 key components with multiple esters.The separated components were characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chro-matography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS)with an identical gradient as the HPLC-CAD analysis.The polysorbate compound database and library were expanded over 7-time compared to the commercial database.The method investigated differences in PS20 samples from various origins and grades for different dosage forms to evaluate the composition-process relationship.UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS identified 1329 to 1511 compounds in 4 batches of PS20 from different sources.The method observed the impact of 4 degradation conditions on peak components,identifying stable components and their tendencies to change.HPLC-CAD and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS results provided insights into fingerprint differences,distinguishing quasi products.

Objective To investigate the clinical phenotypes and genotypes of children with congenital fibrinogen disorder(CFD).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 16 children with CFD.Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify all exons and flanking sequences of the FGA,FGB,and FGG genes,and sequencing was performed to analyze mutation characteristics.Results Among the 16 children,there were 9 boys(56%)and 7 girls(44%),with a median age of 4 years at the time of attending the hospital.Among these children,9(56%)attended the hospital due to bleeding events,and 7(44%)were diagnosed based on preoperative examination.The children with bleeding events had a significantly lower fibrinogen activity than those without bleeding events(P<0.05).Genetic testing was conducted on 12 children and revealed a total of 12 mutations,among which there were 4 novel mutations,i.e.,c.80T>C and c.1368delC in the FGA gene and c.1007T>A and C.1053C>A in the FGG gene.There were 2 cases of congenital afibrinogenemia caused by null mutations of the FGA gene,with relatively severe bleeding symptoms.There were 7 cases of congenital dysfibrinogenemia mainly caused by heterozygous missense mutations of the FGG and FGA genes,and their clinical phenotypes ranged from asymptomatic phenotype to varying degrees of bleeding.Conclusions The clinical phenotypes of children with CFD are heterogeneous,and the severity of bleeding is associated with the level of fibrinogen activity,but there is a weak association between clinical phenotype and genotype.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.