Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Oncological microdissection testicular sperm extraction (onco-micro-TESE) represents a significant breakthrough for patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and a concomitant in situ testicular tumor, to be managed at the time of sperm retrieval. Onco-micro-TESE addresses the dual objectives of treating both infertility and the testicular tumor simultaneously. The technique is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of testicular anatomy, physiology, tumor biology, and advanced microsurgical methods. It aims to carefully extract viable spermatozoa while minimizing the risk of tumor dissemination. This review encapsulates the procedural intricacies, evaluates success determinants, including tumor pathology and spermatogenic tissue health, and discusses the implementation of imaging techniques for enhanced surgical precision. Ethical considerations are paramount, as the procedure implicates complex decision-making that weighs the potential oncological risks against the profound desire for fatherhood using the male gametes. The review aims to provide a holistic overview of onco-micro-TESE, detailing methodological advances, clinical outcomes, and the ethical landscape, thus offering an indispensable resource for clinicians navigating this multifaceted clinical scenario.
Humans ; Male ; Azoospermia/therapy* ; Testicular Neoplasms/pathology* ; Sperm Retrieval ; Microdissection/methods* ; Testis/surgery*

Gene regulation relies on the precise binding of transcription factors (TFs) at regulatory elements, but simultaneously detecting hundreds of TFs on chromatin is challenging. We developed cFOOT-seq, a cytosine deaminase-based TF footprinting assay, for high-resolution, quantitative genome-wide assessment of TF binding in both open and closed chromatin regions, even with small cell numbers. By utilizing the dsDNA deaminase SsdAtox, cFOOT-seq converts accessible cytosines to uracil while preserving genomic integrity, making it compatible with techniques like ATAC-seq for sensitive and cost-effective detection of TF occupancy at the single-molecule and single-cell level. Our approach enables the delineation of TF footprints, quantification of occupancy, and examination of chromatin influences on TF binding. Notably, cFOOT-seq, combined with FootTrack analysis, enables de novo prediction of TF binding sites and tracking of TF occupancy dynamics. We demonstrate its application in capturing cell type-specific TFs, analyzing TF dynamics during reprogramming, and revealing TF dependencies on chromatin remodelers. Overall, cFOOT-seq represents a robust approach for investigating the genome-wide dynamics of TF occupancy and elucidating the cis-regulatory architecture underlying gene regulation.
Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Humans ; Chromatin/genetics* ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Mice ; DNA Footprinting/methods*

Meibomian gland dysfunction is a chronic and diffuse disease of the meibomian glands, characterized by obstruction and(or)abnormal secretion of the terminal ducts. Clinically, it can lead to tear film abnormalities and inflammation of the ocular surface, resulting in symptoms of ocular irritation and potential corneal damage that may impact visual function. Meibomian gland dysfunction can be classified into two types based on meibomian gland secretion: low secretion type and high secretion type. The low secretion type further includes acinar atrophy type and obstruction type. In recent years, research has revealed that patients with diabetes experience chronic damage to their meibomian gland tissue in the early stages of the disease, leading to structural and functional changes. The incidence and severity of meibomian gland dysfunction are higher in diabetic patients. However, there are numerous complex factors contributing to this condition in diabetes patients, and mechanisms remain unclear at present. This article reviews both domestic and international research progress on the pathological mechanism underlying meibomian gland dysfunction in diabetes.

Objective:To study therapeutic effect of aspirin combined with ticagrelor on unstable angina pectoris(UAP)and its effect on serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),binding immunoglobin protein(Bip)and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP).Methods:A total of 120 UAP patients who were treated in Chengdu Shuangliu Dis-trict First People's Hospital between January 2021 and December 2021 were selected.According to random number table,they were equally divided into combined treatment group(aspirin combined ticagrelor therapy)and aspirin group(aspirin therapy).After 90d treatment,total effective rate,cardiac output(CO),stroke volume(SV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),frequency and duration of angina,serum levels of IL-6,Bip and CHOP be-fore and after treatment were compared between two groups,as well as incidence of adverse reaction.Results:The total effective rate in combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of aspirin group(95.00％vs.81.67％,P=0.023).Compared with patients in aspirin group after treatment,patients in combined treatment group had significant higher CO[(4.79±0.95)L/min vs.(5.27±1.05)L/min],SV[(52.32±5.25)ml vs.(56.53±4.78)ml]and LVEF[(48.73±4.41)％vs.(54.89±4.77)％],and significant lower frequency[(3.27±0.75)times/week vs.(2.23±0.73)times/week]and duration of angina[(5.42±0.79)min/time vs.(3.51±0.66)min/time],and serum levels of IL-6[(13.49±1.41)pg/L vs.(6.70±0.84)pg/L],Bip[(24.50±1.41)μg/Lvs.(7.45±0.58)μg/L]and CHOP[(35.56±2.69)μg/L vs.(16.66±2.55)μg/L](P＜0.05 or＜0.01).There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between two groups(P=0.752).Con-clusion:Aspirin combined with ticagrelor possesses obvious curative effect in treatment of patients with unstable an-gina pectoris.It can significantly improve cardiac function,reduce the inflammatory response and endoplasmic re-ticulum stress in these patients.

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP), an abnormal vascular proliferative retinopathy of prematurity, is a serious condition that can lead to retinal detachment or blindness. With the development of neonatal medicine, the survival rate of low birth weight and low gestational age infants has been increasing, as well as the incidence of ROP. Therefore, studying ROP's pathogenesis and influencing factors is of great clinical importance. Numerous studies have been conducted on the risk factors for ROP, including gestational age, oxygen intake, mode of delivery, neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the use of surfactants. At present, it is widely accepted both at home and abroad that preterm birth, low birth weight, and high oxygen concentration after birth are independent risk factors for ROP. In recent years, more and more scholars have found that abnormalities in blood indicators in preterm infants may be associated with the development of ROP. This article reviews the effects of platelets, haemoglobin, blood glucose, inflammatory cells, and lipids on ROP, providing a reference for identifying and preventing risk factors for ROP.