ObjectiveTo compare the differences in color， odor， coumarin content and microbial community composition of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix（ADR） during different drying processes， and to explore the correlation between changes in microbial community composition and changes in quality indexes of ADR. MethodsThe fresh ADR was processed at three drying temperatures（50， 70， 100 ℃） by drying and steaming cutting， semi-fresh cutting and drying， fresh cutting and drying， and sulfur fumigation methods. The color values of samples were extracted by Adobe Photoshop 2022 software and subjected to principal component analysis（PCA）， electronic nose was used to identify the odor information of medicinal powders and subjected to loadings analysis， PCA， and linear discriminant analysis（LDA）， and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to determine the contents of five coumarins（bergapten， oxypeucedanin， imperatorin， phellopterin， isoimperatorin）. The samples for microbial detection were taken from fresh dried samples， 50 ℃（dried and steamed cut， sulfur fumigated） samples， and 100 ℃（dried and steamed cut） samples when the water content was 50% and 14%， respectively. And the changes of microbial community composition during processing were determined by high-throughput sequencing method. The relationship between the changes of microbial community composition and the changes of odor， color and active component content of ADR during drying process was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. ResultsThe color quantification results showed that an increase in drying temperature led to the decrease of brightness value（L）， and the increases of red-green value（a） and yellow-blue value（b）， and the change of processing method had no obvious effect on the color of medicinal materials. The results of odor quantification showed that W1S， W2S， W5S， W2W and W1W sensor were sensitive to the odor changes of ADR and could be used to distinguish ADR decoction pieces from different processing methods. The results of HPLC showed that the coumarin content of ADR decreased with the increase of drying temperature and the delay of processing time， the optimal processing method was drying and steaming cutting method， and the optimal temperature was 50 ℃. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the dominant bacteria in ADR during processing were Achromobacter， Agrobacterium， Nocardioides， Mycobacterium and Enterobacter， the dominant fungi were Coprinopsis， Meyerozyma and Apiotrichum. The results of correlation analysis showed that the quality indexes of ADR were positively correlated with Agrobacterium， Mycobacterium in bacteria， Candida in fungi， and negatively correlated with Bacillus in bacteria. ConclusionThere are significant differences in the color， odor， coumarin content and microbial community composition of ADR in different drying processes， and the best drying method is drying and steaming cutting at 50 ℃. The relative abundance changes of 9 bacterial genera and 4 fungal genera are closely related to the quality formation of ADR during the drying process.

BACKGROUND: Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is indicated as a broad-spectrum medicine for a variety of diseases, including cancer and cardiac disease. While the role of ATO in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (HIRI) has not been reported. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the effects of ATO on HIRI. METHODS: In the present study, we established a 70% hepatic warm I/R injury and partial hepatectomy (30% resection) animal models in vivo and hepatocytes anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) models in vitro with ATO pretreatment and further assessed liver function by histopathologic changes, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, cell counting kit-8, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was transfected to evaluate the role of ERK1/2 pathway during HIRI, followed by ATO pretreatment. The dynamic process of autophagic flux and numbers of autophagosomes were detected by green fluorescent protein-monomeric red fluorescent protein-LC3 (GFP-mRFP-LC3) staining and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: A low dose of ATO (0.75 μmol/L in vitro and 1 mg/kg in vivo ) significantly reduced tissue necrosis, inflammatory infiltration, and hepatocyte apoptosis during the process of hepatic I/R. Meanwhile, ATO obviously promoted the ability of cell proliferation and liver regeneration. Mechanistically, in vitro  studies have shown that nontoxic concentrations of ATO can activate both ERK and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-serine/threonine kinase (PI3K-AKT) pathways and further induce autophagy. The hepatoprotective mechanism of ATO, at least in part, relies on the effects of ATO on the activation of autophagy, which is ERK-dependent. CONCLUSION Low, non-toxic doses of ATO can activate ERK/PI3K-AKT pathways and induce ERK-dependent autophagy in hepatocytes, protecting liver against I/R injury and accelerating hepatocyte regeneration after partial hepatectomy.
Animals ; Arsenic Trioxide ; Autophagy/physiology* ; Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control* ; Mice ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/physiology* ; Arsenicals/therapeutic use* ; Oxides/therapeutic use* ; Liver/metabolism* ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technology in preoperative planning for anterolateral thigh flap transplantation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 11 patients with skin and soft tissue defects treated with free anterolateral thigh flap transplantation between January 2022 and January 2024, who met the selection criteria. There were 8 males and 3 females, aged 34-70 years (mean, 50.8 years). Causes of injury included traffic accidents (4 cases), machine trauma (3 cases), heavy object crush injury (3 cases), and tumor (1 case). The time from injury to flap repair ranged from 7 to 35 days (mean, 23 days). Preoperatively, the patients' CT angiography images were imported into Mimics21.0 software. Through the software's segmentation, editing, and reconstruction functions, 3D visualization and measurement of the vascular pedicle, perforators, wound size, and morphology were performed to plan the flap harvest area, contour, vascular pedicle length, and anastomosis site, guiding the implementation of flap transplantation. RESULTS: The length of the vascular pedicle needed by the recipient site was (9.1±0.9) cm, and the maximum length of vascular pedicle in the donor area was (10.6±0.6) cm, with a significant difference ( t=4.230, P<0.001). The operation time ranged from 220 to 600 minutes (mean, 361.9 minutes). One patient had poor wound healing at the recipient site, which healed after dressing changes. All 11 flaps survived well without necrosis. All patients were followed up 6-19 months (mean, 11 months). Four flaps showed bulkiness and underwent secondary debulking; the remaining flaps had good contour and soft texture. The donor sites healed well, with no sensory disturbance around the incision or complications such as walking impairment. CONCLUSION Preoperative planning using CT angiography data and 3D reconstruction software can effectively determine the flap area, contour, required vascular pedicle length, anastomosis site, and whether vascular grafting is needed, thereby guiding the successful execution of anterolateral thigh flap transplantation.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Thigh/diagnostic imaging* ; Aged ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Soft Tissue Injuries/surgery* ; Surgical Flaps ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Free Tissue Flaps/blood supply* ; Preoperative Care

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a globally life-threatening disease. Presently, few therapeutic medicines are available for treating IS, and rt-PA is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the US. In fact, many agents showing excellent neuroprotection but no blood flow-improving activity in animals have not achieved ideal clinical efficacy, while thrombolytic drugs only improving blood flow without neuroprotection have limited their wider application. To address these challenges and meet the huge unmet clinical need, we have designed and identified a novel compound AAPB with dual effects of neuroprotection and cerebral blood flow improvement. AAPB significantly reduced cerebral infarction and neural function deficit in tMCAO rats, pMCAO rats, and IS rhesus monkeys, as well as displayed exceptional safety profiles and excellent pharmacokinetic properties in rats and dogs. AAPB has now entered phase I of clinical trials fighting IS in China.

Objective To address the radioactive contamination of wounds caused by transuranic nuclides, wound radiation imaging based on coded aperture imaging technology was investigated. Methods By simulating multiple source terms using Monte Carlo method, the differences in imaging performance between two image reconstruction algorithms under near-field conditions were compared. The effects of detector pixels and detection plane pixels on image resolution were investigated. Results The imaging system was simulated based on the designed dimensions. The simulated imaging field of view was 89.4 mm × 89.4 mm and the simulated angular resolution was 1.98°. Based on the comparison of the average width at half height of the reconstructed point sources under different conditions, it was found that increasing the number of pixels in the detector and detection plane optimized the angular resolution but significantly prolonged the Monte Carlo simulation time. Conclusion According to the simulation results, the parameters of the imaging system can be used to effectively image radioactive contamination. Our results provide methodological support for the measurement of wound contamination caused by transuranic nuclides, and lay the foundation for the development of wound contamination imaging detection systems in the future.

Background and purpose:Limbs soft tissue sarcoma(STS)is a common malignant tumor,and surgical resection is the main treatment method for it.The concept of barrier made us realize the blocking effect of natural barrier on STS,and we aimed to search for tissues that can act as barrier,and to perform complete resection of surgical margins around the tissue barrier.This study aimed to investigate the feasibility,safety and prognosis of barrier resection in the treatment of limbs STS.Methods:From December 2013 to September 2016,data of 72 patients who underwent barrier resection of STS of extremities in department of oncosurgery,Minhang Branch,Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were retrospectively analyzed,and the resection margin was sampled.All 72 patients underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)or computed tomography(CT)design,and the physiological barrier or at least 3 cm distance was found outward from the anatomical location of the tumor.And en bloc excision was performed outside this barrier or at a distance of 3 cm.The influence of postoperative pathological margin,musculoskeletal tumor society(MSTS)score and postoperative complications on the patients were analyzed.The 1-and 3-year locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRFS)rates and sarcoma-specific survival(SSS)rates were evaluated,and the influencing factors were analyzed.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center(number:1212117-12&1212117-12-1301).Results:All patients had negative margins.The 1-and 3-year LRFS rates were 98.2%and 93.3%,respectively.The 1-and 3-year SSS rates were 98.4%and 94.2%,respectively.The mean MSTS scores were 28.3 preoperatively and 25.5 postoperatively.Surgical complications were grade 1 to 2 in 20 cases and grade 3 in 1 case,and there were no grade 4 to 5 complications.Conclusion:Based on the combination of clinical,imaging and pathology data,barrier resection,including tumor resection and functional reconstruction,can be applied to the surgical treatment of STS,with good feasibility and safety,reliable margin and satisfactory local control.

This paper reports a case of reparing the tissue defect after resection of a malignant tumor in the glabellar nasion with bilateral modified horizontal advancement flaps. The patient, a 20-year-old female, was admitted to the hospital because of a mass on the nasion between the eyebrows for more than 5 years, with enlargement and ulceration for 5 months. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed. Intraoperative rapid frozen sections showed that the tumor was basal cell carcinoma, and there were no cancer cells at the margins. Bilateral modified horizontal advancement flap repair was performed. At three months after the operation, the incision area healed well, the appearance and eyelid function were normal, and there was no sign of recurrence of basal cell carcinoma. Bilateral modified horizontal advancement flap was effective in repairing the tissue defect after resection of glabellar nasal root basal cell carcinoma.

Objective:To explore the surgical effects of continuous trapezoidal suture method between subcutaneous and subconjunctival tissue in buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent the operation of continuous trapezoidal suture method between subcutaneous and subconjunctival tissue in buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty at the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery of Qingdao Municipal Hospital from September 2021 to September 2023. Six points were marked on the skin surface of the designed double eyelid line on patient' s upper eyelid, 8 points were marked on the corresponding conjunctival surface of the designed double eyelid line. A 6-0 nylon thread attached with one needle on each end was used for suturing, with two ends running through and between the subcutaneous and subconjunctival layers alternatively, forming a " trapezoidal" shape of path. Finally, two ends exited at the same point on the most lateral side of the designed double eyelid line on skin surface and were tied together with the knot hidden within the orbicularis oculi muscle. The morphology of the double eyelids and postoperative complications were observed and evaluated after surgery, the follow-up period was at least 6 months. At the last time of follow-up, the satisfaction rates were evaluated by patients themselves. Four aspects of the surgical effects of the double eyelids were put into the evaluation system, which were radian, width, smoothness and symmetry, with score from 0-5 points for each. The total score was 0-20 points, of which 17-20 points indicated high satisfaction, score of 13-16 points indicated relative satisfaction, ≤ 12 points indicated dissatisfaction.Results:A total of 52 female patients were included, aged 18 to 29 years old, with an average age of 22.5 years. Among all patients, 33 cases had shallow double eyelid lines while 19 cases had single eyelids. All patients’ upper eyelids were relatively thin and without obvious looseness. The surgical procedures were all done smoothly and successfully, with an average operation time of (0.72±0.13) h. Immediately after surgery, the radian of the double eyelid lines on both sides looked smooth, the widths of the double eyelids were also basically symmetrical. During the follow-up period of 6-12 months postoperatively, the morphologies of the double eyelids were relatively natural and realistic, the double eyelid lines and widths remained deep and stable, and the incision scars were left unobvious for all patients. Besides, no complications such as ptosis, incomplete upper eyelid closure and ectropion were observed. Among the 52 patients, 45 cases were highly satisfied with the surgical result (17-20 points) , 7 were relatively satisfied (13-16 points) , while none of them required reoperation.Conclusions:The continuous trapezoidal suture method between subcutaneous and subconjunctival tissue in buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty has advantages of short operation time, good and stable surgical effects such as natural and realistic morphology of double eyelids, few complications, and high patients' satisfaction rate.

Objective:To explore the surgical effects of continuous trapezoidal suture method between subcutaneous and subconjunctival tissue in buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent the operation of continuous trapezoidal suture method between subcutaneous and subconjunctival tissue in buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty at the Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery of Qingdao Municipal Hospital from September 2021 to September 2023. Six points were marked on the skin surface along the designed double eyelid line on patient’s upper eyelid, 8 points were marked on the corresponding conjunctival surface along the designed double eyelid line. A 6-0 nylon thread attached with one needle on each end was used for suturing, with two ends running through and between the subcutaneous and subconjunctival layers alternatively, forming a "trapezoidal" shape of path. Finally, two ends exited at the same point on the most lateral side of the designed double eyelid line on skin surface and were tied together with the knot hidden within the orbicularis oculi muscle. The morphology of the double eyelids and postoperative complications were observed and evaluated after surgery, the follow-up period was at least 6 months. At the last time of follow-up, the satisfaction rates were evaluated by patients themselves. Four aspects of the surgical effects of the double eyelids were put into the evaluation system, which were radian, width, smoothness and symmetry, with score from 0-5 points for each. The total score was 0-20 points, of which 17-20 points indicated high satisfaction, 13-16 points indicated relative satisfaction, ≤12 points indicated dissatisfaction.Results:A total of 52 female patients were included, aged 18 to 29 years old, with an average age of 22.5 years. Among all patients, 33 cases had shallow double eyelid lines while 19 cases had single eyelids. All patients’ upper eyelids were relatively thin and without obvious looseness. The surgical procedures were all done smoothly and successfully, with an average operation time of (0.72±0.13) h. Immediately after surgery, the radian of the double eyelid lines on both sides looked smooth, the widths of the double eyelids were also basically symmetrical. During the follow-up period of 6-12 months postoperatively, the morphologies of the double eyelids were relatively natural and realistic, the double eyelid lines and widths remained deep and stable, and the incision scars were unobvious for all patients. Besides, no complications such as ptosis, incomplete upper eyelid closure and ectropion were observed. Among the 52 patients, 45 cases were highly satisfied with the surgical result, 7 cases were relatively satisfied, while none of them required reoperation.Conclusion:The continuous trapezoidal suture method between subcutaneous and subconjunctival tissue in buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty has advantages of short operation time, good and stable surgical effects such as natural and realistic morphology of double eyelids, few complications, and high patients’ satisfaction rate.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,small molecule generation models have emerged as a significant research direction in the field of drug discovery.These models,including Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs),Variational Autoencoders(VAEs),and diffusion models,have proven to possess remarkable capabilities in optimizing drug properties and generating complex molecular structures.This article comprehensively analyzes the application of the aforementioned advanced technologies in the drug discovery process,demonstrating how they supplement and enhance traditional drug design methods.At the same time,it addresses the challenges facing current methods in terms of data quality,model complexity,computational cost,and generalization ability,with a prospect of future research directions.