In 2025, the American Cancer Society published "Cancer statistics, 2025", which projected cancer data for the upcoming year based on incidence data collected by central cancer registries (through 2021) and mortality data obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics (through 2022). Similarly, the National Cancer Center of China released "Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2022" in December 2024, analyzing data from 22 cancer registries across the country. This study provides a comparative analysis of cancer incidence and mortality trends in China and the United States during the same period, with a focus on sex- and age-specific distributions and long-term changes in cancer patterns. Long-term trends indicate that lung and liver cancer mortality rates in China have declined, primarily due to tobacco control measures and hepatitis B vaccination programs. However, the burden of gastric and esophageal cancers remains substantial. In the United States, mortality rates for colorectal and lung cancers have continued to decline, largely attributed to widespread screening programs and advances in immunotherapy. As economic growth and social development, China’s cancer profile is gradually shifting towards patterns observed in countries with high human development index. However, the prevention and control of upper gastrointestinal cancers remains a critical public health challenge that requires further attention.

ObjectiveThe study aims to investigate the intervention effect of modified Xiangsha Liujunzitang （M-XSLJZ） on intestinal-derived lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-activated Kupffer cell inflammation in rats with hyperlipidemia spleen deficiency syndrome. MethodsSeventy male SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups （n=10）： blank control （CON）， high-fat diet without spleen deficiency （HFD）， high-fat diet with spleen deficiency （SD-HFD）， M-XSLJZ low-， medium-， and high-dose groups （XS-L， XS-M， XS-H）， and western medicine control （R）. Spleen deficiency was induced in SD-HFD， XS-L， XS-M， XS-H， and R groups via irregular diet combined with exhaustive swimming for 15 days. The CON group received a standard diet， while other groups were fed a high-fat diet for 10 weeks to establish the hyperlipidemia model. After successful modeling， rats were treated for 8 weeks： M-XSLJZ was administered at 3.51， 7.02， 14.04 g·kg^-1 in XS-L， XS-M， and XS-H groups， respectively. The R group received 9×10^-4 g·kg^-1 of a reference drug. D-xylose excretion rate was measured by the phloroglucinol method. Blood lipids were assessed using an automated biochemical analyzer. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to evaluate the pathological conditions of the liver， and oil red O staining was used to observe the lipid deposition in the liver. The levels of LPS， portal vein serum LPS， LPS-binding protein （LBP）， serum interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate CD86 expression and CD68/TLR4 co-localization in the liver. Protein levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB p65， and p-NF-κB p65 in Kupffer cells were analyzed via Western blot automated protein analysis. Hepatic IL-6， TNF-α， and IL-1β mRNA and protein levels were measured using Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot. ResultsCompared with the CON group， the SD-HFD group showed a decrease in D-xylose excretion （P<0.01）. TC， TG， HDL-C， and LDL-C increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. A large number of hepatic lipid vacuoles and orange-red lipid droplet deposition appeared in the liver. Ileal LPS， portal LPS， and LBP increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The levels of serum IL-6， TNF-α， and IL-1β increased （P<0.01）. The expression of CD86 was upregulated （P<0.01）， and the co-expression of CD68 and TLR4 was enhanced. The protein levels of TLR4， MyD88， and p-p65 in Kupffer cells increased （P<0.01）. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-6， TNF-α， and IL-1β increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the HFD group， the SD-HFD group exhibited decreased D-xylose excretion （P<0.01）， higher HDL-C， LDL-C （P<0.05）， increased portal LBP and LPS （P<0.05）， increased serum IL-6 and TNF-α （P<0.01）， upregulated CD86 （P<0.01）， enhanced CD68/TLR4 co-expression， and higher TNF-α mRNA/protein （P<0.05）. Compared with the SD-HFD group， all M-XSLJZ treatment groups showed reduced TC， TG， and LDL-C （P<0.05， P<0.01）. XS-H and R groups displayed improved hepatic lipid deposition. XS-H and R groups had lower ileal LPS， portal LPS， and LBP levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）. All M-XSLJZ treatment groups exhibited reduced serum IL-6， IL-1β， and TNF-α （P<0.01）. The XS-H group showed downregulated CD86 （P<0.01） and weakened CD68/TLR4 co-expression. The XS-H group had reduced TLR4， MyD88， and p-NF-κB p65 in Kupffer cells （P<0.01）. XS-H and R groups showed lower IL-6， TNF-α， and IL-1β mRNA/protein （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionM-XSLJZ may exert its lipid-lowering effects by inhibiting intestinal-derived LPS and alleviating Kupffer cell inflammation in the liver.

ObjectiveTo explore the current situation and influencing factors of humanistic care experience among patients visiting traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） outpatient clinics in China， and to provide a basis for optimizing TCM-characterized services in both TCM and Western medicine hospitals. MethodsA multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling to select 35 hospitals across 13 provinces in China （including 3 TCM hospitals and 32 TCM outpatient clinics in general hospitals）. A total of 3，430 patients were surveyed using the general information questionnaire and the Outpatient Humanistic Care Experience Questionnaire， with data collected via Questionnaire Star. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were employed to examine the impacts of patient characteristics， visit characteristics， hospital type （TCM hospital/general hospital）， and geographic region （eastern/central/western） on humanistic care experience. ResultsThe total score of humanistic care experience was 194 （188， 233）. Univariate analysis showed that gender， educational level， current residence， per capita monthly household income， location attribute of medical institutions， number of previous visits to this hospital， payment method of medical expenses， previous hospitalization history in this hospital， frequency of outpatient visits within the past 12 months， self-rated disease severity， familiarity with the outpatient procedures， implementation of the follow-up service provided by the hospital， satisfaction with follow-up services， the grade of the hospital visited， geographical region of the hospital visited， and the department visited had an impact on the humanistic care experience during outpatient visits （P<0.05）. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that educational level （β=0.609， P=0.011）， self-rated disease severity （β=-0.646， P=0.047）， familiarity with outpatient procedures （β=4.784， P<0.001）， satisfaction with follow-up services （β=6.365， P<0.001）， and the grade of the hospital visited （β=-5.487， P<0.001） affected the humanistic care experience in outpatient medical treatment， explaining 24.4% of the total variation. ConclusionHumanistic care experience in TCM outpatient clinics is influenced by multiple factors. It is recommended to optimize the medical treatment process， strengthen doctor-patient communication training， and establish a precise follow-up mechanism， with a focus on improving care perceptions among patients with lower education levels and those attending primary-level hospitals， to refine the TCM-characterized service system.

Aim To explore the mechanism of the effect of rosiglitazone(Rsg)on the pancreatic cancer in diabetic mice based on the impact of PPARγ on glu-cose transport and metabolism.Methods A high-fat and high sugar diet combined with STZ was used to construct T2DM model;T2DM mice and normal mice were subcutaneously injected with PANC02 cells to construct a transplanted tumor model.T2DM trans-planted tumor mice and normal transplanted tumor mice were divided into the following groups:Rsg,PPARy inhibitor(PIN-2),rosiglitazone+PPARγ in-hibitor(Rsg+PIN-2),and normal transplanted tumor mice(NDM)and T2DM transplanted tumor mice(DM)were used as control groups,respectively.Tis-sue samples were collected after intervention.Tissue pathological changes were observed by HE staining.The expressions of Ki67 and PCNA proteins were de-tected by immunohistochemistry.Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay.The expression of PPARγwas detected by immunofluorescence.The expressions of Glucokinase,GLUT2,Nkx6.1,PDX-1RT-PCR were determined by Western blot.Results Rsg could significantly reduce the tumor mass,pathological chan-ges,Ki67 and PCNA expression of transplanted tumors(P＜0.05),increase cell apoptosis and the expression of PPARγ,Glucokinase,GLUT2,Nkx6.1,PDX-1 proteins in NDM and DM mice(P＜0.05).PIN-2 could reverse the indicator changes caused by Rsg in NDM and DM mice.However,compared with NDM mice,the above related indicators of the DM group mice were more sensitive to Rsg and PIN-2.Conclu-sions Compared to non-diabetic pancreatic cancer,rosiglitazone can more sensitively inhibit the prolifera-tion of pancreatic cancer with T2DM,induce apopto-sis,and reprogram the metabolism of pancreatic cancer with T2DM by activating PPA Rγ and altering the ex-pression of glucose and lipid metabolism genes,there-by exerting an anti-cancer effect.

Background and Aims:Studies have shown that miR-199b-3p is downregulated in gastric cancer tissues,while cysteine-rich transmembrane BMP regulator 1(CRIM1)is upregulated in these tissues.However,the role and mechanism of miR-199b-3p in the biological behavior of gastric cancer cells are still unclear,as is its potential association with CRIM1.Therefore,this study was conducted to investigate whether there is an interaction between miR-199b-3p and CRIM1 and how they affect the function of gastric cancer cells. Methods:qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression levels of miR-199b-3p and CRIM1 in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues.Gastric cancer MGC803 cells were used to assess changes in cell proliferation,invasion/migration abilities,and apoptosis rates after overexpression of miR-199b-3p(using miR-199b-3p mimics)or knockdown of CRIM1(using si-CRIM1).Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the targeting relationship between miR-199b-3p and CRIM1,which was further validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay and confirmed through Western blot analysis. Results:The results of qRT-PCR indicated that,compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues,miR-199b-3p expression was significantly lower in gastric cancer tissues,while CRIM1 expression was higher(both P＜0.05).Immunohistochemistry results demonstrated positive expression of CRIM1 in cancerous tissues,while it was negative in non-cancerous tissues.Overexpression of miR-199b-3p or CRIM1 knockdown resulted in decreased proliferation and invasion/migration abilities of MGC803 cells,along with increased apoptosis rates(all P＜0.05).Bioinformatics prediction and dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that CRIM1 is a target of miR-199b-3p.Western blot analysis showed that CRIM1 expression was significantly reduced after transfection with miR-199b-3p mimics(P＜0.05). Conclusion:CRIM1 is a target gene of miR-199b-3p,which can inhibit the proliferation,invasion,and migration of gastric cancer cells while promoting apoptosis by targeting and regulating CRIM1 activity.The miR-199b-3p/CRIM1 pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of pulsed Thulium fiber laser enucleation (ThuFLEP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods:Clinical data of 238 BPH patients who underwent ThuFLEP from November 2022 to November 2023 at Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on different surgical techniques: 199 patients underwent traditional continuous-wave Thulium fiber laser prostatectomy (C-ThuFLEP group), and 39 patients underwent Thulium fiber laser enucleation with pulse modulation (P-ThuFLEP group). Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics between the two groups. Operative time, resected tissue weight, pre- and postoperative hemoglobin decrease, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative catheterization time were recorded and compared between the matched groups. Intraoperative and short-term postoperative complications were also recorded and compared between the two groups. Follow-up assessments at 1 month postoperatively were conducted to compare the maximum urinary flow rate (Q max), international prostate symptom score (IPSS), international index of erectile function (IIEF-5) score, quality of life (QOL) score, and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF) score between the two groups, as well as changes in Q max and IPSS, IIEF-5, and QOL before and after surgery. Results:After matching, a total of 60 patients were included, with 30 patients in each group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age [(68.73±6.91) years vs. (71.07±7.34) years], American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score (1-2/3-4: 23/7 vs. 23/7), comorbidity count (0-1/>1: 15/15 vs. 15/15), prostate volume [68.3 (50.0, 105.3) ml vs. 63.3 (45.7, 106.0) ml], preoperative IPSS score [24 (21, 29) vs. 23 (14, 26)], IIEF-5 score [5 (0, 15) vs. 5 (0, 13)], and QOL score [5 (4, 6) vs. 5 (5, 6)] (all P>0.05). The tissue removal rate in the P-ThuFLEP group was higher than that in the C-ThuFLEP group [0.82 (0.71, 1.18) g/min vs. 0.72 (0.46, 0.95) g/min, P=0.026], while there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in operative time [47 (37, 79) min vs. 65 (33, 87) min], resected tissue weight [45 (31, 75) g vs. 33 (22, 65) g], postoperative hemoglobin decrease [17 (10, 23) g/L vs. 12 (7, 19) g/L], postoperative hospital stay [4 (3, 5) days vs. 4 (3, 5) days], and postoperative catheterization time [3 (3, 5) days vs. 3 (3, 6) days]. The incidence of intraoperative complications in both groups was 10% (3/30), with no statistically significant difference ( P=1.000), and no severe complications of grade Ⅲ or above occurred. There were no statistically significant differences in Q max [24 (15, 33) ml/s vs. 16 (10, 32) ml/s], IPSS score [14 (12, 15) vs. 9 (7, 12)], QOL score [2 (1, 3) vs. 2 (1, 3)], and IIEF-5 score [3 (0, 5) vs. 3 (0, 6)] between the C-ThuFLEP and P-ThuFLEP group at 1 month postoperatively (all P > 0.05), and both showed significant improvement compared to preoperative values (all P < 0.05). The ICIQ-SF score in the P-ThuFLEP group was lower than that in the C-ThuFLEP group [0 (0, 4) vs. 4 (3, 8)], with a statistically significant difference ( P=0.033). Conclusions:Compared with traditional continuous-wave Thulium fiber laser prostatectomy, pulse-modulated Thulium fiber laser enucleation demonstrates higher efficiency in tissue removal, lower early postoperative ICIQ-SF score for urinary incontinence, similar risk of intraoperative complications, and can be safely and effectively applied in the surgical treatment of BPH patients.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of "U shape" en bloc Thulium fiber laser enucleation and resection of the prostate (ThuLERP) technique.Methods:The clinical data of 105 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients treated by a single surgeon in Peking University First Hospital from January to October 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 50 patients underwent "U-shaped" en bloc technique prostate enucleation (UEBT), and 55 patients underwent prostate lobe removal using the lobe technique (LT). There were no significant differences between UEBT and LT groups ( P>0.05) in term of the age[(69.1±6.9)years old vs.( 68.8±9.1)years old], international prostate symptom score(IPSS)[(22.7±1.9)vs.(22.8±2.7)] and maximum flow rate(Q max ) [(9.0±3.7)ml/s vs.(9.3±4.3)ml/s]. The prostate-specific antigen(PSA) of UEBT group was higher than that of LT group[7.52(3.05, 8.76)ng/ml vs.6.78(1.61, 7.45)ng/ml], and the prostate volume of the UEBT group was larger than that of LT group [(103.49±46.19)ml vs.(75.73±30.69) ml, all P<0.05]. In the UEBT group, the apical of prostate was bluntly enucleated with pre-transection urethral mucosa at the apex of prostate technique. Secondly, glands formed grooves at 12 o'clock after vaporization, which served as anatomical marker. At last, the whole lobe which was like "U shape" were resected using laser. In the LT group, glands was divided to three lobe, the middle, the left and the right lobe was bluntly enucleated respectively. Perioperative data, postoperative complications and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Correlation between enucleation efficiency and enucleation weight was analysed using linear regression. Results:There were no significant differences between the UEBT and LT group ( P>0.05) in term of morcellation time[18(9, 34)min vs.16(8, 28)min], resection rate[(0.5±0.1)g/ml vs.(0.5±0.1)g/ml], catheter indwelling duration[(3.8±1.4)d vs.(3.6±1.1)d] and hospitalization stay[(4.1±0.3)d vs.(3.9±0.8)d].The difference between the UEBT group and LT group in operation time[54(42, 100)min vs.80(60, 150)min], enucleated time[37(26, 75)min vs.47(31, 69)min], hemostasis time[4(3, 6)min vs.9(7, 15)min], enucleation efficiency[(1.8±0.5)g/min vs.(1.1±0.4)g/min] and hemoglobin decline[13(9, 22)g/L vs.17(10, 22)g/L]were statistically significant ( P<0.05). In both groups, postoperative IPSS were (6.6±1.7) and (6.2±1.4) respectively, and Q max were(18.9±3.1)ml/s and (16.8±3.8)ml/s respectively, which were significantly different from that before the operation ( P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The enucleation efficiency increased with the increase of prostate volume( r=0.791, 0.880 respectively, P<0.05).After 2 weeks of follow up the postoperative immediate urinary continence rate of UEBT group and LT group were 10.0%(5/50)and 27.3%(15/55), respectively, and the two groups had statistical differences ( P<0.05). But after 3 months of follow up, there was no urinary continence in the two groups, and incidence of postoperative urethral stricture were 2.0%(1/50) and 5.5%(3/55) respectively in UEBT and LT group, whose difference was not significant( P>0.05). Conclusions:ThuLERP can relieve lower urinary tract symptoms in a comparable way with high efficacy and safety. ThuLERP with the "U-shaped" en bloc technique was statistically superior to the lobe technique in operation time, enucleation time, enucleation efficiency, hemoglobin decline and also avoided stress urinary incontinence at early stage after operation.

Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy and plausible mechanism of Tiao Yang Qu Xie(regulating Yang to eliminate pathogenic factors)needling method plus paroxetine in treating mild-to-moderate depression. Methods:Sixty-six patients with mild-to-moderate depression were divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method,each consisting of 33 cases.Another 25 healthy subjects were recruited as a healthy group.The control group took oral paroxetine tablets for treatment,and the observation group received additional acupuncture treatment 3 times weekly.Both groups underwent 4-week treatment.Before treatment,after 2-week and 4-week treatment,and 2 weeks after treatment(follow-up),the patients were assessed using the Hamilton depression scale-17-item(HAMD-17),self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)pattern element identification scale for depression.The two groups each randomly contributed 25 cases to detect the protein content of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)before treatment and after 4-week treatment,and compared with the healthy group. Results:After 2-week treatment,the markedly effective and total effective rates were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05);after 4-week treatment,the observation group significantly surpassed the control group in comparing the markedly effective rate(P<0.05).After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment and at the follow-up,the HAMD-17 total score and sleep disorder factor score were lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05);the anxiety-somatic score was lower in the observation group than in the control group after 2-week treatment(P<0.05).After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment and at the follow-up,the observation group was lower than the control group in comparing the scores of SDS,SAS,and TCM pattern element identification scale for depression(P<0.05).After 4-week treatment,the observation group had an increased serum BDNF protein content,higher than that in the control group(P<0.05)and had no significant difference compared to the healthy group(P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared to the use of oral paroxetine alone,acupuncture plus paroxetine can produce more significant efficacy in treating mild-to-moderate depression and act faster in improving sleep disorder and anxiety-somatic symptoms;increasing the serum BDNF protein content may be a part of the mechanism underlying its antidepressant actions.

Objective To study the clinical significance of estradiol(E2)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in postmenopausal atherosclerotic ischemic stroke(IS).Methods A total of 110 postmenopausal patients with atherosclerotic IS who were treated in the First People's Hospital of Huzhou from March 2022 to March 2023 were included in study group,110 postmenopausal patients with non-atherosclerotic IS were included in disease control group,and 110 healthy postmenopausal women were included in health group.The serum E2 and LDL-C were compared among all groups.The relationship between serum E2 and LDL-C levels and the degree of disease in postmenopausal patients with atherosclerotic IS was analyzed.To explore the risk factors that influence the degree of disease in postmenopausal patients with atherosclerotic IS.Results There were significant differences in serum E2 and LDL-C levels among three groups(P<0.05),including E2 level in healthy group>disease control group>study group,and LDL-C level in healthy group

Objective This study aims to optimize the evaluation index system for the Party branch work of a hospital,grounded on Party regulations,and employ diversified assessment methods to integrate Party branch development with the advance-ment of medical,educational,and research endeavors.Methods This study utilized literature review and textual analysis to identi-fy relevant documents.Through qualitative interviews and convenience sampling,25 questionnaires were distributed to Party repre-sentatives at all levels within the hospital,yielding 25 valid responses.The 5-point Likert scale was applied to rate and assess the importance of 74 selected assessment indicators.Results A comprehensive evaluation system was established,which includes 5 pri-mary indicators,14 secondary indicators,and 53 tertiary indicators.Conclusion The existing comprehensive quantitative assess-ment system for Party branches has been optimized.The adoption of diversified evaluation methods has led to a clearer,more explic-it,and standardized objectives for Party branch construction,thereby enhancing its guiding and motivational role.