OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression level of T-complex polypeptide 1 (TCP1) in the bone marrow of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and explore its correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis. METHODS: The bone marrow samples from 80 newly diagnosed AML patients and 30 iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients were collected, and real time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of <i>TCP1i> . The clinical data of AML patients were collected, and the correlation of <i>TCP1i> expression with clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients were analyzed. The impact of <i>TCP1i> on overall survival (OS) of AML patients was identified by using Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Cox regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting prognosis of AML patients. RESULTS: Compared with IDA patients, the expression of <i>TCP1i> was significantly increased in AML patients (<i>Pi> < 0.01). The high expression group of <i>TCP1i> showed a higher proportion of patients with ≥60 years and non-remission after treatment, more accompanied by <i>TET2i> mutation and poor prognosis but shorter OS compared to the low expression group (all <i>Pi> < 0.05). The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, chromosomal abnormalities, therapeutic efficacy and <i>TCP1i> expression were independent risk factors affecting prognosis of AML patients (all <i>Pi> < 0.05). CONCLUSION <i>TCP1i> is significantly upregulated in AML patients, and its expression is associated with partial clinical features and poor prognosis. It can serve as a prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target for AML patients.
Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism* ; Humans ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Bone Marrow/metabolism* ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/metabolism* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Chaperonin Containing TCP-1

To preliminarily understand the pathogenic mechanism of <i>Mycoplasma genitaliumi> (Mg) GroEL protein, we used bioinformatics tools to predict the structure and function of Mg GroEL protein and then constructed the recombinant plasmid pET-28a-GroEL. The protein expression was induced by 0.2 mmol/L IPTG, and the expressed protein was purified by Ni-iminodicitic acid (IDA) column affinity. Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1 (THP-1) cells were exposed to 2 μg/mL Mg rGroEL. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the cell supernatant were measured by ELISA, and that of IL-6 was measured by an automatic chemiluminescence instrument. The activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was visualized by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. The results showed that Mg GroEL was a stable hydrophilic protein composed of 543 amino acid residues, with the relative molecular mass of 58.44 kDa, an isoelectric point of 5.68, and a molecular formula of C₂₅₆₈H₄₃₀₀N₇₀₀O₈₂₅S₈. The secondary structure was mainly composed of α-helices and random coils. Mg GroEL contained 12 B-cell dominant epitopes and 10 T-cell dominant epitopes. It exhibited high homology with the GroEL proteins from <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniaei>, <i>Mi>. <i>agalactiaei>, <i>Mi>. <i>arthritidisi>, <i>Mi>. <i>hyopneumoniaei>, and <i>Mi>. <i>bovisi>. Mg rGroEL activated the NF-κB signaling pathway and promoted the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in THP-1 cells. These results suggest that Mg GroEL exhibits substantial antigenicity and possesses the capability of triggering inflammation in host cells. This study establishes a theoretical basis for future investigations pertaining to the role and pathogenic mechanisms of Mg GroEL.
Mycoplasma genitalium/metabolism* ; Chaperonin 60/metabolism* ; Computational Biology ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics* ; Humans ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Interleukin-1beta/genetics* ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6/genetics* ; Recombinant Proteins/genetics* ; THP-1 Cells ; Signal Transduction ; Escherichia coli/metabolism*

This study aims to observe the effects of diosgenin on the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c(SREBP-1c), heat shock protein 60(HSP60), medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase(MCAD), and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase(SCAD) in the liver tissue of the rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) and explore the mechanism of diosgenin in alleviating NAFLD. Forty male SD rats were randomized into five groups: a control group, a model group, low-(150 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and high-dose(300 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) diosgenin groups, and a simvastatin(4 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group. The rats in the control group were fed with a normal diet, while those in the other four groups were fed with a high-fat diet. After feeding for 8 weeks, the body weight of rats in the high-fat diet groups increased significantly. After that, the rats were administrated with the corresponding dose of diosgenin or simvastatin by gavage every day for 8 weeks. The levels of triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), alanine transaminase(ALT), and aspartate transaminase(AST) in the serum were determined by the biochemical method. The levels of TG and TC in the liver were measured by the enzyme method. Oil-red O staining was employed to detect the lipid accumulation, and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining to detect the pathological changes in the liver tissue. The mRNA and protein levels of mTOR, SREBP-1c, HSP60, MCAD, and SCAD in the liver tissue of rats were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and Western blot, respectively. Compared with the control group, the model group showed increased body weight, food uptake, liver index, TG, TC, ALT, and AST levels in the serum, TG and TC levels in the liver, lipid deposition in the liver, obvious hepatic steatosis, up-regulated mRNA and protein expression levels of mTOR and SREBP-1c, and down-regulated mRNA and protein expression levels of HSP60, MCAD, and SCAD. Compared with the model group, the rats in each treatment group showed obviously decreased body weight, food uptake, liver index, TG, TC, ALT, and AST levels in the serum, TG and TC levels in the liver, lessened lipid deposition in the liver, ameliorated hepatic steatosis, down-regulated mRNA and protein le-vels of mTOR and SREBP-1c, and up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of HSP60, MCAD, and SCAD. The high-dose diosgenin outperformed the low-dose diosgenin and simvastatin. Diosgenin may prevent and treat NAFLD by inhibiting the expression of mTOR and SREBP-1c and promoting the expression of HSP60, MCAD, and SCAD to reduce lipid synthesis, improving mitochondrial function, and promoting fatty acid β oxidation in the liver.
Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/genetics* ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1/metabolism* ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects* ; Diosgenin/metabolism* ; Chaperonin 60/therapeutic use* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Liver ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Triglycerides ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; Simvastatin/therapeutic use* ; Body Weight ; Lipid Metabolism ; Mammals/metabolism*

Pathogens like bacteria and protozoa, which affect human and animal health worldwide, can be transmitted by vectors like ticks. To investigate the epidemiology and genetic diversity of bacteria and protozoans carried by ticks in Chengmai county of Hainan province, China, 285 adult hard ticks belonging to two species [
Anaplasmataceae/isolation & purification* ; Animals ; Chaperonin 60/genetics* ; China ; Citrate (si)-Synthase/genetics* ; Coccidia/isolation & purification* ; Coxiellaceae/isolation & purification* ; Insect Vectors/microbiology* ; Islands ; Ixodidae/microbiology* ; Phylogeny ; Piroplasmia/isolation & purification* ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics* ; RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of cell division cycle protein 37 (Cdc37) in multiple myeloma (MM) and its effect on MM cell proliferation. METHODS: The expression of Cdc37 mRNA in CD138 RESULTS: Cdc37 was highly expressed in newly diagnosed CD138 CONCLUSION Cdc37 is highly expressed in newly diagnosed MM patients. Inhibition of Cdc37 results in decreased proliferation activity and G
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; Cell Proliferation ; Chaperonins ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Multiple Myeloma

Testicular cancer seminoma is one of the most common types of cancer among men of reproductive age. Patients with this condition usually present reduced semen quality, even before initiating cancer therapy. However, the underlying mechanisms by which testicular cancer seminoma affects male fertility are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in the sperm proteome of men with seminoma undergoing sperm banking before starting cancer therapy, in comparison to healthy proven fertile men (control group). A routine semen analysis was conducted before cryopreservation of the samples (n = 15 per group). Men with seminoma showed a decrease in sperm motility (P = 0.019), total motile count (P = 0.001), concentration (P = 0.003), and total sperm count (P = 0.001). Quantitative proteomic analysis identified 393 differentially expressed proteins between the study groups. Ten proteins involved in spermatogenesis, sperm function, binding of sperm to the oocyte, and fertilization were selected for validation by western blot. We confirmed the underexpression of heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2 (P = 0.041), ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase core protein 2 (P = 0.026), and testis-specific sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-4 (P = 0.016), as well as the overexpression of angiotensin I converting enzyme (P = 0.005) in the seminoma group. The altered expression levels of these proteins are associated with spermatogenesis dysfunction, reduced sperm kinematics and motility, failure in capacitation and fertilization. The findings of this study may explain the decrease in the fertilizing ability of men with seminoma before starting cancer therapy.
Acrosin/metabolism* ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chaperonin Containing TCP-1/metabolism* ; Electron Transport Complex III/metabolism* ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism* ; Humans ; Male ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism* ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism* ; Proteomics ; Semen Analysis ; Seminoma/metabolism* ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism* ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa/metabolism* ; Testicular Neoplasms/metabolism*

Glutamate leads to neuronal cell damage by generating neurotoxicity during brain development. The objective of this study is to identify proteins that differently expressed by glutamate treatment in neonatal cerebral cortex. Sprague-Dawley rat pups (post-natal day 7) were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle or glutamate (10 mg/kg). Brain tissues were isolated 4 h after drug treatment and fixed for morphological study. Moreover, cerebral cortices were collected for protein study. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were carried out to identify specific proteins. We observed severe histopathological changes in glutamate-exposed cerebral cortex. We identified various proteins that differentially expressed by glutamate exposure. Identified proteins were thioredoxin, peroxiredoxin 5, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1, proteasome subunit alpha proteins, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and heat shock protein 60. Heat shock protein 60 was increased in glutamate exposed condition. However, other proteins were decreased in glutamate-treated animals. These proteins are related to anti-oxidant, protein degradation, metabolism, signal transduction, and anti-apoptotic function. Thus, our findings can suggest that glutamate leads to neonatal cerebral cortex damage by regulation of specific proteins that mediated with various functions.
Animals ; Brain ; Cerebral Cortex ; Chaperonin 60 ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metabolism ; Neurons ; Peroxiredoxins ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; Proteolysis ; Proteomics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Thioredoxins ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase

Toxoplasma gondii can infect all the vertebrates including human, and leads to serious toxoplasmosis and considerable veterinary problems. T. gondii heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is associated with the activation of antigen presenting cells by inducing initial immune responses and releasing inflammatory cytokines. It might be a potential DNA vaccine candidate for this parasite. A pVAX-HSP60 DNA vaccine was constructed and immune responses was evaluated in Kunming mice in this study. Our data indicated that the innate and adaptive immune responses was elicited by successive immunizations with pVAX-HSP60 DNA, showing apparent increases of CD3e+CD4+ and CD3e+CD8a+ T cells in spleen tissues of the HSP60 DNA-immunized mice (24.70±1.23% and 10.90±0.89%, P < 0.05) and higher levels of specific antibodies in sera. Furthermore, the survival period of the immunized mice (10.53±4.78 day) were significantly prolonged during the acute T. gondii infection. Decrease of brain cysts was significant in the experimental group during the chronic infection (P < 0.01). Taken together, TgHSP60 DNA can be as a vaccine candidate to prevent the acute and chronic T. gondii infections.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Antigen-Presenting Cells ; Brain ; Chaperonin 60 ; Cytokines ; DNA ; Humans ; Immunization ; Mice ; Parasites ; Spleen ; T-Lymphocytes ; Toxoplasma ; Toxoplasmosis ; Vertebrates

PURPOSE: Pleural effusion, an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, usually occurs in patients when the rate of fluid formation exceeds the rate of fluid removal. The differential diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy and malignant pleural effusion is a difficult task in high tuberculous prevalence areas. The aim of the present study was to identify novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of pleural fluid using proteomics technology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used samples from five patients with transudative pleural effusions for internal standard, five patients with tuberculous pleurisy, and the same numbers of patients having malignant effusions were enrolled in the study. We analyzed the proteins in pleural fluid from patients using a technique that combined two-dimensional liquid-phase electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: We identified a total of 10 proteins with statistical significance. Among 10 proteins, trasthyretin, haptoglobin, metastasis-associated protein 1, t-complex protein 1, and fibroblast growth factor-binding protein 1 were related with malignant pleural effusions and human ceruloplasmin, lysozyme precursor, gelsolin, clusterin C complement lysis inhibitor, and peroxirexdoxin 3 were expressed several times or more in tuberculous pleural effusions. CONCLUSION: Highly expressed proteins in malignant pleural effusion were associated with carcinogenesis and cell growth, and proteins associated with tuberculous pleural effusion played a role in the response to inflammation and fibrosis. These findings will aid in the development of novel diagnostic tools for tuberculous pleurisy and malignant pleural effusion of lung cancer.
Biomarkers* ; Carcinogenesis ; Ceruloplasmin ; Chaperonin Containing TCP-1 ; Clusterin ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electrophoresis ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis ; Gelsolin ; Haptoglobins ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lung Neoplasms ; Methods* ; Muramidase ; Pleural Effusion ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; Prevalence ; Proteomics ; Spectrum Analysis ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pleural

PURPOSE: Atherosclerosis is classically defined as an immune-mediated disease characterized by accumulation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol over intima in medium sized and large arteries. Recent studies have demonstrated that both innate and adaptive immune responses are involved in atherosclerosis. In addition, experimental and human models have recognized many autoantigens in pathophysiology of this disease. Oxidized low-density lipoproteins, beta2 glycoprotein I (beta-2-GPI), and heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) are the best studied of them which can represent promising approach to design worthwhile vaccines for modulation of atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In silico approaches are the best tools for design and evaluation of the vaccines before initiating the experimental study. In this study, we identified immunogenic epitopes of HSP60, ApoB-100, and beta-2-GPI as major antigens to construct a chimeric protein through bioinformatics tools. Additionally, we have evaluated physico-chemical properties, structures, stability, MHC binding properties, humoral and cellular immune responses, and allergenicity of this chimeric protein by means of bioinformatics tools and servers. RESULTS: Validation results indicated that 89.1% residues locate in favorite or additional allowed region of Ramachandran plot. Also, based on Ramachandran plot analysis this protein could be classified as a stable fusion protein. In addition, the epitopes in the chimeric protein had strong potential to induce both the B-cell and T-cell mediated immune responses. CONCLUSION: Our results supported that this chimeric vaccine could be effectively utilized as a multivalent vaccine for prevention and modulation of atherosclerosis.
Apolipoprotein B-100 ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis* ; Autoantigens ; B-Lymphocytes ; beta 2-Glycoprotein I ; Chaperonin 60 ; Cholesterol ; Computational Biology ; Computer Simulation* ; Epitopes ; Humans ; Immune System* ; Immunity, Cellular ; Lipoproteins ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; T-Lymphocytes ; Vaccines