Acute lung injury (ALI) has been a kind of acute and severe disease that is mainly characterized by systemic uncontrolled inflammatory response to the production of huge amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lung tissue. Given the critical role of ROS in ALI, a Fe₃O₄ loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanocluster (BF) was developed to act as a nanomedicine for the treatment of ALI. Combining with NIR irradiation, it exhibited excellent ROS scavenging capacity. Significantly, it also displayed the excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions for lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced macrophages (RAW264.7), and Sprague Dawley rats via lowering intracellular ROS levels, reducing inflammatory factors expression levels, inducing macrophage M2 polarization, inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway, increasing CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cell ratios, as well as upregulating HSP70 and CD31 expression levels to reprogram redox homeostasis, reduce systemic inflammation, activate immunoregulation, and accelerate lung tissue repair, finally achieving the synergistic enhancement of ALI immunotherapy. It finally provides an effective therapeutic strategy of BF + NIR for the management of inflammation related diseases.

Objective To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography method to detect empagliflozin and related substances in empagliflozin bulk drug and tablets,and to provide technical support for quality control and unified monitoring of empagliflozin bulk drug and its tablets.Methods A liquid chromatography development system with the full factorial design of experiments and the Box-Behnken model was used to screen and optimize the chromatographic parameters.Related substances were detected in empagliflozin API and empagliflozin tablets from different companies with the optimized chromatographic parameters.Results The optimized chromatographic parameters were obtained:Shim-pack GIST C18-AQ column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)was used,column temperature was 15 ℃,gradient elution with water-acetonitrile as mobile phase was as below,flow rate was 1.2 mL·min-1,detection wavelength was set at 224 nm.The specificity of the method is good,with recoveries ranging from 94.8％to 101.7％,and RSD ranging from 0.5％to 3.1％.The known single impurity in APIs and tablets is less than 0.05％,any other unknown single impurity is less than 0.06％,and the total amount of impurities are less than 0.3％.The related substances of supervised sampling are under good control.Conclusion The method is reliable and robust for determining related substances of empagliflozin and its tablets.

Objective:To analyze the consistency between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in measuring preoperative ocular biometric parameters in patients with age-related cataracts.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 536 patients (536 eyes) were consecutively included and scheduled for cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation at Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University from June 20 to August 22, 2024.Two visualized sweep-frequency biometers, MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700, were used to measure the biometric parameters of all the patients.The parameters including axial length (AL), white to white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), central corneal thickness (CCT), and mean keratometry (Km). The AL detection rates of the two instruments were compared, as were the differences in above parameters, and the correlation and consistency of the measurements were analyzed.Patients were divided into three groups based on AL measured by MT-9000: a short axis group (AL<22 mm) comprising 27 eyes, a normal axis group (22≤AL≤25 mm) comprising 392 eyes, and a long axis group (AL>25 mm) comprising 104 eyes.The differences in measured AL in different subgroups were compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Aier Eye Hospital, Wuhan University (No.2024IRB06017). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The AL detection rate measured by MT-9000 was 99.3% (532/536), higher than 97.6% (523/536) measured by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.841, P=0.028). MT-9000 AL, LT and Km measurements were all higher than IOLMaster 700 measurements, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=6.418, t=4.971, 5.179; all P<0.001). WTW and CCT measurements from MT-9000 were both lower than those from IOLMaster 700, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=-3.017, t=16.322; both P<0.05). After grouping based on AL measurements from MT-9000, there was no statistically significant differences in AL measurements between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in the short axis group and the normal axis group ( Z=-1.530, P=0.126; t=-0.880, P=0.380). In the long axis group, the AL measured by MT-9000 was longer than that by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=7.254, P<0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient values of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 were 1.000, 0.616, 0.997, 0.999, 0.988, and 0.995 (all P<0.001), respectively.The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by Bland-Altman analysis were -0.06-+ 0.08 mm, -0.64-+ 0.57 mm, -0.06-+ 0.06 mm, -0.04-+ 0.05 mm, -13.6-+ 6.3 μm and -0.26-+ 0.32 D, respectively, which had 6.5%, 3.6%, 5.3%, 6.3%, 6.5% and 4.4% of the data points outside the 95% LoA. Conclusions:MT-9000 shows favorable agreement with IOLMaster 700 in the measurement of AL, ACD, LT, CCT and Km.MT-9000 is suitable for preoperative biometrics measurement in cataract patients.However, the agreement between the two devices is not desirable in the measurement of WTW, and interchangeable use of these two devices is not recommended in this regard.Additionally, MT-9000 outperforms IOLMaster 700 in terms of AL detection rate.

Objective To evaluate the quality of propranolol hydrochloride tablets based on national drug sampling,to analyze existing quality issues and improve their quality standards,to provide references and suggestions for the production,quality control,and supervision of this product.Methods A comprehensive evaluation of 178 batches of sampled products was conducted using legal standards combined with exploratory research,including key quality indicators such as related substances,dissolution,content uniformity,content determination,in vitro dissolution profiles,and genotoxic impurity N-nitrosoproranolol.The quality of domestic propranolol hydrochloride tablets and the controllability of the current quality standards for product quality were assessed.Results According to the legal standard methods,the qualification rate of 178 batches of sampled products was 100%.Exploratory research revealed that the impurity levels of samples from six manufacturing enterprises were far below the limit requirements;however,differences existed in genotoxic impurity N-nitrosoproranolol and other aspects.Conclusions The overall quality of propranolol hydrochloride tablets is good,but the current standards need further improvement.It is recommended to add/revise the detection methods for related substances,content,and content uniformity,strictly control N-nitrosoproranolol,and urge enterprises to pay attention to the quality of excipients and the control of the preparation production process.

Objective:To analyze the consistency between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in measuring preoperative ocular biometric parameters in patients with age-related cataracts.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.A total of 536 patients (536 eyes) were consecutively included and scheduled for cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation at Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University from June 20 to August 22, 2024.Two visualized sweep-frequency biometers, MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700, were used to measure the biometric parameters of all the patients.The parameters including axial length (AL), white to white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), central corneal thickness (CCT), and mean keratometry (Km). The AL detection rates of the two instruments were compared, as were the differences in above parameters, and the correlation and consistency of the measurements were analyzed.Patients were divided into three groups based on AL measured by MT-9000: a short axis group (AL<22 mm) comprising 27 eyes, a normal axis group (22≤AL≤25 mm) comprising 392 eyes, and a long axis group (AL>25 mm) comprising 104 eyes.The differences in measured AL in different subgroups were compared.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Aier Eye Hospital, Wuhan University (No.2024IRB06017). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The AL detection rate measured by MT-9000 was 99.3% (532/536), higher than 97.6% (523/536) measured by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.841, P=0.028). MT-9000 AL, LT and Km measurements were all higher than IOLMaster 700 measurements, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=6.418, t=4.971, 5.179; all P<0.001). WTW and CCT measurements from MT-9000 were both lower than those from IOLMaster 700, showing statistically significant differences ( Z=-3.017, t=16.322; both P<0.05). After grouping based on AL measurements from MT-9000, there was no statistically significant differences in AL measurements between MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 in the short axis group and the normal axis group ( Z=-1.530, P=0.126; t=-0.880, P=0.380). In the long axis group, the AL measured by MT-9000 was longer than that by IOLMaster 700, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=7.254, P<0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient values of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by MT-9000 and IOLMaster 700 were 1.000, 0.616, 0.997, 0.999, 0.988, and 0.995 (all P<0.001), respectively.The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of AL, WTW, ACD, LT, CCT, and Km measured by Bland-Altman analysis were -0.06-+ 0.08 mm, -0.64-+ 0.57 mm, -0.06-+ 0.06 mm, -0.04-+ 0.05 mm, -13.6-+ 6.3 μm and -0.26-+ 0.32 D, respectively, which had 6.5%, 3.6%, 5.3%, 6.3%, 6.5% and 4.4% of the data points outside the 95% LoA. Conclusions:MT-9000 shows favorable agreement with IOLMaster 700 in the measurement of AL, ACD, LT, CCT and Km.MT-9000 is suitable for preoperative biometrics measurement in cataract patients.However, the agreement between the two devices is not desirable in the measurement of WTW, and interchangeable use of these two devices is not recommended in this regard.Additionally, MT-9000 outperforms IOLMaster 700 in terms of AL detection rate.

Objective To evaluate the quality of propranolol hydrochloride tablets based on national drug sampling,to analyze existing quality issues and improve their quality standards,to provide references and suggestions for the production,quality control,and supervision of this product.Methods A comprehensive evaluation of 178 batches of sampled products was conducted using legal standards combined with exploratory research,including key quality indicators such as related substances,dissolution,content uniformity,content determination,in vitro dissolution profiles,and genotoxic impurity N-nitrosoproranolol.The quality of domestic propranolol hydrochloride tablets and the controllability of the current quality standards for product quality were assessed.Results According to the legal standard methods,the qualification rate of 178 batches of sampled products was 100%.Exploratory research revealed that the impurity levels of samples from six manufacturing enterprises were far below the limit requirements;however,differences existed in genotoxic impurity N-nitrosoproranolol and other aspects.Conclusions The overall quality of propranolol hydrochloride tablets is good,but the current standards need further improvement.It is recommended to add/revise the detection methods for related substances,content,and content uniformity,strictly control N-nitrosoproranolol,and urge enterprises to pay attention to the quality of excipients and the control of the preparation production process.

Objective To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography method to detect empagliflozin and related substances in empagliflozin bulk drug and tablets,and to provide technical support for quality control and unified monitoring of empagliflozin bulk drug and its tablets.Methods A liquid chromatography development system with the full factorial design of experiments and the Box-Behnken model was used to screen and optimize the chromatographic parameters.Related substances were detected in empagliflozin API and empagliflozin tablets from different companies with the optimized chromatographic parameters.Results The optimized chromatographic parameters were obtained:Shim-pack GIST C18-AQ column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)was used,column temperature was 15 ℃,gradient elution with water-acetonitrile as mobile phase was as below,flow rate was 1.2 mL·min-1,detection wavelength was set at 224 nm.The specificity of the method is good,with recoveries ranging from 94.8％to 101.7％,and RSD ranging from 0.5％to 3.1％.The known single impurity in APIs and tablets is less than 0.05％,any other unknown single impurity is less than 0.06％,and the total amount of impurities are less than 0.3％.The related substances of supervised sampling are under good control.Conclusion The method is reliable and robust for determining related substances of empagliflozin and its tablets.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Hodgkin lymphoma.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted. The clinical data of 22 HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma patients in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from December 2013 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Their clinical features, laboratory results, treatment, and prognosis were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to perform survival analysis.Results:The age [ M ( Q1, Q3)] of 22 patients was 44 years old (36 years old, 53 years old); 18 cases were male, 4 cases were female; clinical staging was stage Ⅲ in 5 patients and stage Ⅱ in 17 patients. All 22 patients were infected with HIV through sexual transmission, with 10 cases transmitted through man sex with man and 12 cases transmitted through heterosexual transmission. Nine patients were found to be infected with HIV at the time of diagnosis of lymphoma, and 13 patients presented with lymphoma at 22.2 months (12.3 months, 38.4 months) after diagnosis of HIV infection. Of the 22 patients, 3 abandoned treatment; 19 patients were treated with antiretroviral therapy combined with ABVD regimen chemotherapy, 9 patients had complete remission, and 10 patients had partial remission. After follow-up of 46.8 months (24.8 months, 64.5 months), the 5-year progression-free survival rate was 83.9%, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 89.5%. Conclusions:HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma exhibits an invasive process in clinical practice, and standardized antiretroviral therapy combined with ABVD regimen chemotherapy can lead to long-term survival for patients.

OBJECTIVE：To study the regulatory effects of stilbene glucosid e（TSG）on c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）and protein phosphortase 2B（PP2B）in APP/PS1/Tau transgenic dementia （3×Tg-AD）mice，and to explore its potential mechanism of anti-Alzheimer’s disease （AD）. METHODS ：Totally 45 male 3×Tg-AD mice were randomly divided into model group ，positive control group （huperzine A ，0.15 mg/kg），TSG low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.033，0.1，0.3 g/kg），with 9 mice in each group. Another 9 normal male C 57BL/6J mice were included into normal control group. Administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 60 d. Normal control group and model group were given constant volume of normal saline intragastrically. After medication ，Morris water maze experiment was used to test the spatial learning and memory ability of mice in each group ；Nissl staining was used to observe the changes of Nissl bodies in cerebral cortex and hippocampus ；mRNA and protein expressions of JNK and PP 2B were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting assay. RESULTS：Compared with normal control group ，the escape latency was significantly prolonged （P＜0.01），the retention time of the original platform quadrant was significantly shortened （P＜ and the times of crossing the platform was significantly reduced in model group （P＜0.01）；the number of Nissl bodies in cerebral cortex and hippocampus was significantly 729011126@qq.com reduced，the staining was slight ；the relative expressions of JNK mRNA and protein were significantly increased （P＜ 0.01），and the relative expressi ons of PP 2B mRNA and protein were significantly decreased （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，the escape latency was significantly shortened in positive control group and TSG groups （P＜0.01）；the retention time of the original platform quadrant was significantly prolonged （P＜0.01）；the times of crossing the platform was significantly increased （P＜0.01）；the number of Nissl bodies in cerebral cortex and hippocampus was increased significantly ，the staining was heavy ；the relative expression of JNK protein was significantly decreased（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），the relative expressions of PP 2B mRNA and protein were significantly increased （P＜0.01）， while the relative expression of JNK mRNA was significantly decreased in TSG high-dose group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：TSG can improve the learning and memory ability and neuronal damage of 3 × Tg-AD mice. The mechanism may be related to down-regulating the transcription and expression of protein kinase JNK ，up-regulating the transcription and expression of protein phosphatase PP 2B.

OBJECTIVE：To study the e ffects of stilbene glycoside c（TSG）on phosphorylation of Thr 205，Ser404 sites of Tau protein in Aizheimer ’s disease （AD）model mice ，and to investigate the potential anti-AD mechanism of TSG. METHODS ：APP/ PS1/Tau three transgenes （3×Tg-AD）mice were randomly divided into model group ，positive control group （huperzine，0.15 mg/kg），TSG low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （0.033，0.1，0.3 g/kg），with 6 mice in each group. In addition ，6 C57BL/6J mice were chosen as normal control group. Administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically. Model group and normal control group were given equal volume of normal saline intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 60 days. After last medication ，immunofluorescence staining was used to detect Tau protein and phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205， Ser404 sites） distribution and expression in brain tissue of mice in each group. Western blotting assay was used to detect phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205，Ser404 sites）expression level in brain tissue of mice in each group. RESULTS ：Compared with normal control group ，the expression of Tau protein，phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205，Ser404 sites）in 729011126@qq.com the brain tissue of mice were increased in model group ，which were easy to aggregate and distributed more widely ；theirrelative expression were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Results of Western blotting assay showed that the expression levels of phosphorylat ed Tau protein （Thr205，Ser404 sites）were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，the expression of Tau protein ，phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205，Ser404 sites） in the brain tissue of mice were decreased in positive control group and TSG groups ；aggregation decreased，distribution narrowed and their relative expression were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）. Results of Western blotting assay showed that the expression levels of phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205，Ser404 sites）were decreased significantly （P＜ 0.01）. Compared with positive control group ，There was no significant difference in the distribution of Tau protein ，phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205，Ser404 sites）in the brain tissue of mice in TSG groups ；the relative expression were not statistically significant（P＞0.05）；but Western blotting assay showed the expression levels of phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205 site）in TSG medium-dose and high-dose groups as well as the expression levels of phosphorylated Tau protein （Ser404 site）in TSG groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：TSG can play an anti-AD effect on AD model mice by down-regulating the expression of phosphorylated Tau protein （Thr205，Ser404 sites）in brain tissue.