Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of combining minimally invasive hematoma puncture with urokinase irrigation and continuous drip drainage in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 22 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and Department of Neurosurgery of Yuebei People's Hospital from May 2023 to January 2024 were chosen. Using precise localization, a minimally invasive haematoma puncture was used to insert a balloon drainage catheter into the hematoma cord; urokinase irrigation was administered during the procedure, followed by continuous drip drainage postoperatively. A retrospective analysis was performed; their clinical data before and after the procedure were collected; and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, hematoma residual volume, hematoma evacuation rate and complications were analyzed.Results:In these 22 patients, the residual hematoma volume after intraoperative suction was (20.89±10.74) mL, with a residual rate of (51.86±14.88)%. After the 1 st urokinase injection for continuous drainage, the residual hematoma volume in the 22 patients was (12.72±7.92) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (35.01±30.41)%. After the 2 nd injection, the residual hematoma volume in the 13 patients was (9.48±6.12) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (42.03±20.89)%. After the 3 rd injection, the residual hematoma volume in the 7 patients was (5.84±2.84) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (49.32±11.09)%. After the 4 th injection, the residual hematoma volume in the 3 patients was (3.67±3.79) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (54.44±32.03)%. After the 5 th injection, the residual hematoma volume in the left 1 patient was 5 mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of 37.50%. Before tube removal, the residual hematoma volume in these 22 patients was (6.73±5.01) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (81.48±13.56)%. During hospitalization, 1 patient experienced postoperative hemorrhage and ultimately died of cardiac arrest; 1 patient developed pulmonary infection after surgery and cured with antibiotics. These patients had GCS scores of 12.23±3.16 at discharge, which was significantly increased than those at admission (9.45±3.19, P<0.05). Conclusion:Minimally invasive hematoma puncture combined with urokinase irrigation and continuous drip drainage is a safe and effective new treatment in spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of combining minimally invasive hematoma puncture with urokinase irrigation and continuous drip drainage in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 22 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and Department of Neurosurgery of Yuebei People's Hospital from May 2023 to January 2024 were chosen. Using precise localization, a minimally invasive haematoma puncture was used to insert a balloon drainage catheter into the hematoma cord; urokinase irrigation was administered during the procedure, followed by continuous drip drainage postoperatively. A retrospective analysis was performed; their clinical data before and after the procedure were collected; and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, hematoma residual volume, hematoma evacuation rate and complications were analyzed.Results:In these 22 patients, the residual hematoma volume after intraoperative suction was (20.89±10.74) mL, with a residual rate of (51.86±14.88)%. After the 1 st urokinase injection for continuous drainage, the residual hematoma volume in the 22 patients was (12.72±7.92) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (35.01±30.41)%. After the 2 nd injection, the residual hematoma volume in the 13 patients was (9.48±6.12) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (42.03±20.89)%. After the 3 rd injection, the residual hematoma volume in the 7 patients was (5.84±2.84) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (49.32±11.09)%. After the 4 th injection, the residual hematoma volume in the 3 patients was (3.67±3.79) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (54.44±32.03)%. After the 5 th injection, the residual hematoma volume in the left 1 patient was 5 mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of 37.50%. Before tube removal, the residual hematoma volume in these 22 patients was (6.73±5.01) mL, with a hematoma evacuation rate of (81.48±13.56)%. During hospitalization, 1 patient experienced postoperative hemorrhage and ultimately died of cardiac arrest; 1 patient developed pulmonary infection after surgery and cured with antibiotics. These patients had GCS scores of 12.23±3.16 at discharge, which was significantly increased than those at admission (9.45±3.19, P<0.05). Conclusion:Minimally invasive hematoma puncture combined with urokinase irrigation and continuous drip drainage is a safe and effective new treatment in spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of astaxanthin on renal fibrosis and apoptosis induced by partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats.

METHODSNinety-six male adult SD rats were randomized into 6 equal groups, namely the blank control group, sham-operated group, UUO group, and astaxanthin group at high, medium, and low doses. Left ureteral ligation was performed in UUO and astaxanthin groups, and two days before the operation, the rats in astaxanthin groups were lavaged with 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg astaxanthin daily for 14 days, while the same volume of saline was given to rats in UUO group and sham-operated group. Renal pathological in the rats was observed with HE staining, and the expression levels of TGF-β1, SGK1, and CTGF in the left kidney were detected immunohistochemically; the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected using Bcl-2 and Bax detection kits.

RESULTSCompared to UUO group, high- and medium-dose astaxanthin groups showed obviously ameliorated renal pathologies and reduced expressions of TGF-β1, SGK1, and CTGF in the left kidney with lessened renal cell apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONAstaxanthin can reduce UUO-induced renal fibrosis and renal cell apoptosis, demonstrating the renoprotective effect of astaxanthin against renal fibrosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Immediate-Early Proteins ; metabolism ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Ureteral Obstruction ; metabolism ; pathology ; Xanthophylls ; pharmacology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism