AIM: To investigate how angles kappa and alpha affect postoperative visual quality in patients with multifocal intraocular lens(mIOLs)implantation.METHODS: Retrospective cases series. A total of 46 patients(46 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification were subsumed. The correlation between Preoperative angles kappa and alpha, wave-front aberrations and objective visual quality of cornea, internal, and total eye after surgery were analyzed using iTrace.RESULTS: The magnitude of angle kappa was negatively correlated with internal and total modulation transfer function(MTF)at 3 mm; the magnitude of angle kappa was positively correlated with astigmatism, trefoil, higher-order aberrations(HOAs)of both internal and total eye at 3 mm. The magnitude of angle alpha was negatively correlated with total MTF and total Strehl ratio at 3 mm. The magnitude of angle alpha was positively correlated with corneal coma at 5 mm, internal astigmatism at both 3 mm and 5 mm, and total spherical aberration(SA)at 3 mm. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, among candidate independent variables(kappa, alpha, astigmatism, SA, coma, trefoil, and HOAs), astigmatism is the only independent factor for altering corneal MTF at 3 mm and 5 mm; astigmatism and HOAs emerged as independent factors for altering internal MTF at 3 mm and 5 mm, and total MTF at 3 mm; astigmatism, SA and HOAs emerged as independent factors for altering total MTF at 5 mm.CONCLUSION: With greater preoperative angle kappa or angle alpha, patients who accept mIOL implantation tend to have larger internal astigmatism and HOAs, which resulting in poor visual quality, especially those with small pupil size.

Based on the results of the National Drug Sampling and Inspection Programme,we summarized the history,the standard collection,the production enterprises and the dosage form specifications,the quality standard study,the pharmacological and pharmacodynamic study,and the clinical application study of Wuwei Qingzhuo preparation of Mongolian medicine and Shiliu Jianwei preparation of Zang medicine,to provide the basis for improved quality standards for both preparations.The development of these two preparations was searched and analyzed through literature.The available information shows that there is very little research on the two preparations and insufficient pharmacological experimental and clinical experimental data.The two preparations are basically the same in prescription and efficacy.However,the quality standards are very different,which are not conducive to the quality control of the two and their related dosage forms.And it is suggested that the Chinese Pharmacopoeia should take the situation of this category into comprehensive consideration,and unify the quality standards of the two preparations.

Objective To examine the quality of Zukamu preparations through the national drug sampling and testing,and further understand their current quality status and existing problems.This work is benefit for improving the quality standard of Zukamu preparations and providing technical support for the drug regulatory authorities.Methods Samples of Zukamu preparations were collected from a total of 29 provinces in China,and were tested for description,identification,other requirements(weight variation,particle size,determination of water,disprsion,and microbial limit items),and assay in accordance with the national pharmaceutical standards.The test data were analyzed to evaluate the quality status of the Zukamu preparations,and exploratory research was carried out to address the problems found in the test.Results A total of 97 batches of Zukamu preparations were sampled,and the passing rate was 100.0%according to the current quality standard.Exploratory study,revealed that Zukamu preparation were subject to 4 testing standards,with uneven test items,missing items,poor operability,and lack of exclusivity in some items.The test based on the existing standards can't comprehensively evaluate the quality of the preparation.Conclusions Based on the national drug sampling and testing,combined with exploratory research on drug safety,authenticity and effectiveness,it is recommended to unify the quality standards of Zukamu preparations by combining with the work of standard improving,revising the identification method of thin-layer chromatography,increasing the content determination,and establishing the quick test method,thereby effectively evaluating and controling the quality of the samples of Zukamu preparations.

Based on the results of the National Drug Sampling and Inspection Programme,we summarized the history,the standard collection,the production enterprises and the dosage form specifications,the quality standard study,the pharmacological and pharmacodynamic study,and the clinical application study of Wuwei Qingzhuo preparation of Mongolian medicine and Shiliu Jianwei preparation of Zang medicine,to provide the basis for improved quality standards for both preparations.The development of these two preparations was searched and analyzed through literature.The available information shows that there is very little research on the two preparations and insufficient pharmacological experimental and clinical experimental data.The two preparations are basically the same in prescription and efficacy.However,the quality standards are very different,which are not conducive to the quality control of the two and their related dosage forms.And it is suggested that the Chinese Pharmacopoeia should take the situation of this category into comprehensive consideration,and unify the quality standards of the two preparations.

Objective To examine the quality of Zukamu preparations through the national drug sampling and testing,and further understand their current quality status and existing problems.This work is benefit for improving the quality standard of Zukamu preparations and providing technical support for the drug regulatory authorities.Methods Samples of Zukamu preparations were collected from a total of 29 provinces in China,and were tested for description,identification,other requirements(weight variation,particle size,determination of water,disprsion,and microbial limit items),and assay in accordance with the national pharmaceutical standards.The test data were analyzed to evaluate the quality status of the Zukamu preparations,and exploratory research was carried out to address the problems found in the test.Results A total of 97 batches of Zukamu preparations were sampled,and the passing rate was 100.0%according to the current quality standard.Exploratory study,revealed that Zukamu preparation were subject to 4 testing standards,with uneven test items,missing items,poor operability,and lack of exclusivity in some items.The test based on the existing standards can't comprehensively evaluate the quality of the preparation.Conclusions Based on the national drug sampling and testing,combined with exploratory research on drug safety,authenticity and effectiveness,it is recommended to unify the quality standards of Zukamu preparations by combining with the work of standard improving,revising the identification method of thin-layer chromatography,increasing the content determination,and establishing the quick test method,thereby effectively evaluating and controling the quality of the samples of Zukamu preparations.

Pediatric malocclusion is common in dentistry.Some children with malocclusion combined with obstruc-tive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)often fail to receive appropriate treatment due to a lack of multidisci-plinary diagnosis and treatment.It can cause abnormal ventilation during sleep,affecting the central nervous system and cardiovascular development and even causing neurological and behavioral problems.Pediatric OSAHS is caused by the narrowing of the upper respiratory tract,characterized by specific facial bone characteristics and neuromuscular factors and correlated with malocclusion.Due to its diverse clinical manifestations and etiology,the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric OSAHS require an interdisciplinary,personalized,and specialized approach.Questionnaires and physical ex-aminations can be used for preliminary screening.Moreover,children's stomatology and otorhinolaryngology examina-tions are the basis for disease diagnosis.Polysomnography(PSG)is currently the direct diagnostic method.There are var-ious treatment methods for OSAHS in children,and for OSAHS caused by adenoid tonsil hypertrophy,adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy are the main treatments.Othodontic treatment including mandibular advancement and rapid maxillary expansion et al is also effective for OSAHS in children with malocclusion.Currently,there is limited research on the cor-relation between childhood malocclusion and OSAHS,and multidisciplinary combination therapy may improve the cure rate,but there is a lack of sufficient evidence.In the future,the pathogenesis of OSAHS should be further elucidated,and research on multidisciplinary combination therapy should be promoted to achieve early intervention and treatment for potential and existing patients.

ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics of balance and cortical activation in older adults when performing cognition-balance dual tasks. MethodsFrom January to April, 2023, 20 healthy older adults were non-targeted recruited. They completed six tasks of close eyes & fixed platform (CF), close eyes & fixed platform & cognitive task (CFc), open eyes & sway-referenced platform (OS), open eyes & sway-referenced platform & cognitive task (OSc), close eyes & sway-referenced platform (CS), and close eyes & sway-referenced platform & cognitive task (CSc) on the Balance SD, wearing functional near-infrared spectroscopy caps. The overal stability index (OSI) was measured with Balance SD. The premotor cortex (PMC), sensorimotor cortex (SMC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were as regions of interest (ROIs), and the β values were calculated. ResultsThe OSI was more as CFc than as CF (Z = -2.014, P < 0.05), and was less as CSc than as CS (Z = -2.063, P < 0.05). The β values of bilateral ROIs were all more as CFc than as CF (|Z| > 2.464, |t| > 3.733, P < 0.05), and as OSc than as OS (|t| > 2.308, P < 0.05); the β value of the right SMC was more as CSc than as CS (t = -2.912, P < 0.05). The number of correct counts was less as CSc than as CFc and OSc (|Z| > 3.643, P < 0.001). ConclusionBalance has been impaired under dual tasks for older adults, while activation of cerebral cortex increases. However, for more difficult balance task, older adults would preferentially maintain postural balance under dual tasks, while cognitive performance decreases, which may be the results from no more activation of cerebral cortex under dual tasks.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the carrier rate of deafness-related genetic variants among 53 873 newborns from Zhengzhou. METHODS: Heel blood samples of the newborns were collected with informed consent from the parents, and 15 loci of 4 genes related to congenital deafness were detected by microarray. RESULTS: In total 2770 newborns were found to carry deafness-related variants, with a carrier rate of 5.142%. 1325 newborns (2.459%) were found to carry heterozygous variants of the GJB2 gene, 1071 (1.988%) were found with SLC26A4 gene variants, 205 were found with GJB3 gene variants (0.381%), and 120 were found with 12S rRNA variants (0.223%). Five newborns have carried homozygous GJB2 variants, two have carried homozygous SLC26A4 variants, five have carried compound heterozygous GJB2 variants, and four have carried compound heterozygous SLC26A4 variants. 33 neonates have carried heterozygous variants of two genes at the same time. CONCLUSION The carrier rate of deafness-related variants in Zhengzhou, in a declining order, is for GJB2, SLC26A4, GJB3 and 12S rRNA. The common variants included GJB2 235delC and SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G, which are similar to other regions in China. To carry out genetic screening of neonatal deafness can help to identify congenital, delayed and drug-induced deafness, and initiate treatment and follow-up as early as possible.

Objective:To determine the role of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial stem cells (AEC Ⅱ) in radiation-induced pulmonary injury and investigate the potential mechanism by observing the dynamic changes in the expression levels of anti-prosurfactant protein C (proSP-C) proSP-C (AEC Ⅱ biomarker), homeobox only protein X (HOPX, type I alveolar epithelial cell biomarker) or vimentin (a mesenchymal marker) and transforming growth factor β 1(TGF-β 1), a profibrotic cytokine. Methods:Eight-week old C57BL/6j female mice were exposed to X-ray thoracic irradiation. Mouse lungs were collected at 8 different time points of 24 h, 1 week, 1 to 6 months after irradiation. The histopathological changes of the lungs at different time points were observed with H& E staining to determine the time of formation of pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, the co-expression of proSP-C with HOPX or vimentin in AEC Ⅱ was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining to track AEC Ⅱ phenotypes at different injury phases following thoracic irradiation. The expression levels of those proteins and TGF-β 1 were quantitatively detected by Western blot. Results:After thoracic exposure to a single dose of 20 Gy X-ray for 3 months, the fibrotic lesions in the lungs could be noted. The co-expression of proSP-C with vimentin or HOPX could be observed in AEC Ⅱ. Western blot demonstrated that the expression levels of TGF-β 1 and those proteins were also changed along with the lung injury. Conclusion:AEC Ⅱ can be differentiated into mesenchymal-like cells after X-ray irradiation due to the up-regulated expression of TGF-β 1, which is a potential cause of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy(Lap-RAMPS) for left-sided pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: Clinical data of total 12 patients underwent Lap-RAMPS for left-sided pancreatic adenocarcinoma at Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital from March 2016 to August 2017 were reviewed retrospectively.There were 7 male patients and 5 female patients, with median age of 60.5 years old(47-68 years old). Abdominal enhanced CT, pancreatic MRI, PET-CT were performed on all patients to evaluate the lesion and exclude metastasis.Follow-up were done with out-patient clinic or telephone consultancy until October 2017. Results: All patients underwent pure Lap-RAMPS.The medium operative time was 250 minutes(180-445 minutes), and the blood loss was 150 ml(50-500 ml). The medium first flatus time and diet resumption time were 3.0 days(1-5 days) and 3.5 days(1-7 days) respectively.The medium postoperative hospital stay was 9 days(4-18 days). Morbidity occurred in 8 patients with gastric empty delay(n=1), bleeding(n=1), fluid collection(n=3). There was no mortality.The medium overall number of retrived lymph nodes was 15.6 and the positive rate was 41.7%. The R0 rate was 100%.The medium follow-up was 10 months.One patient was diagnosed as liver metastasis after 8 months and accepted chemotherapy.One patient died after 14 months for tumor recurrence and metastasis.Others survived without tumor recurrence or metasitasis. Conclusion Lap-RAMPS is safe and feasible with accepted oncological outcomes for selected left side pancreatic adenocarcinoma under skilled hands.