Background and aims:Environmental pollutants,particularly organochlorine insecticides like endosulfan(ENDO),are increasingly linked to liver toxicity and related diseases.Despite its widespread historical use,the mechanisms underlying ENDO-induced liver damage remain poorly understood.This study aims to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of ENDO-induced hepatotoxicity.Methods:C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ENDO for two weeks.Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was subsequently performed on mouse livers to explore ENDO-induced hepatotoxicity at the single-cell level.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)across cell types and treatments were identified and then subjected to pathway enrichment to uncover key biological processes affected by ENDO.Transcription factor(TF)regulatory network,pseudotime trajectory,and cellular communication analysis were used to explore the molecular and cellular changes after ENDO exposure.Results:ENDO not only caused direct hepatocyte injury but also activated hepatic stellate cells and lymphocytes,triggering inflammatory responses with upregulation of multiple key chemokines and cytotoxic genes.Additionally,ENDO exposure led to the recruitment and activation of myeloid cells,contributing to the inflammatory milieu.An increase in intercellular communication and changes to the hepatic microenvironment,especially the interaction between activated hepatic stellate cells and CD8+T cells were observed,further implicating these processes in ENDO-induced liver damage.Conclusions:This study provides new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying liver injury induced by organochlorine insecticides like ENDO.Key genes and pathways involved in ENDO-associated liver toxicity have been identified at a single-cell resolution.These findings suggest that altered cellular communications and inflammatory responses may play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of ENDO-induced liver injury.

Objective:We compare the consistency, similarities and differences of operating procedures, data and conclusions of air-charged catheters(ACC) and water-filled catheters(WFC), as simultaneously using ACC and WFC in pressure-flow study(PFS).Methods:This study was a prospective, synchronously controlled study, including eligible patients who underwent PFS in the Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from January 2021 to March 2021. Inclusion criteria: ① Patients need PFS for lower urinary tract symptoms like frequency of urination, urgent urination, urinary incontinence and dysuria; ② Age over 18 years old. Exclusion criteria: ① Unable to complete or cooperate during the urodynamic test; ② Patients with severe urethral stricture or acute stage urinary tract infection; ③ Pregnant women. The bladder pressure was measured continuously by using a 7FDR T-DOC ?AC three-chamber bladder pressure tube, which linked to ACC sensor and improved WFC pressure conduction module. At the same time, 7FA T-DOC ?AC single-lumen rectal pressure tube and 7F Labori-CAT411 double-lumen water sac abdominal pressure tube was used to measure the ACC and WFC rectum pressure, respectively. We recorded the Pdet, Pves and Pabd measured by ACC and WFC, at the point of initial sitting position, bladder filling at 100 ml, 150 ml, 200 ml, cough, Q max, maximum Pdet and the end of urination, and compared the mean values, differences, and consistencies of our data. Result:A total of 63 patients (26 female, 37 male) were included in this study, with an average age of 59.19 years (25-86 years old). During bladder filling phase, the mean values of Pves measured by ACC and WFC were 30.78/24.67cmH 2O (initial sitting position), 29.79/25.13cmH 2O (100 ml), 30.87/25.90cmH 2O (150 ml) and 30.95/26.17cmH 2O(200 ml), respectively, the mean value of Pabd were 30.03/24.17cmH 2O (initial sitting position), 28.81/21.78cmH 2O (100ml), 28.89/21.38cmH 2O (150ml), 28.44/21.60cmH 2O (200ml), respectively, and were significantly different at each sampling point ( P<0.01). During urination period, no significant differences were found in data( P>0.05), and the data measured with ACC and WFC system have good consistency. There were significant differences in Pves(mean 57.30/49.95 cmH 2O, respectively) and Pdet(mean 54.21/43.10 cmH 2O, respectively) between ACC and WFC in cough ( P<0.01), but there was a strong linear correlation between these data between two systems(R 2=0.792 in Pves and 0.756 in Pabd). Bland-Altman analysis showed that detrusor pressure at the maximum urine flow rate maintained good consistency between ACC and WFC, which 95% CI was -13.9 cmH 2O to 15.8 cmH 2O. Conclusions:In PFS, although the ACC measurement values (Pves and Pabd) during the filling phase are higher than those WFC readings, but the absolute measurement difference is small, so there is no practical meaning in clinical practice. There was no significant difference in detrusor pressure measured during voiding phase, which indicated that the urodynamic judgment and clinical conclusions of the two systems are highly consistent in judgment of the detrusor contractility and the bladder outlet obstruction.

Objective: To study the mRNA expressions of various CD97 isoforms in colorectal carcinoma tissues and their clinical significances. Methods: A total of 50 colon cancer patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from December 2013 to May 2014 and human colon cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 were enrolled. The real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expressions of CD97 human epidermal growth factor (EGF) (1, 2, 5), CD97EGF (1, 2, 3, 5) and CD97EGF (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) in colon cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, normal colon tissues, SW480 cells and SW620 cells. The relationship between the mRNA expression of CD97EGF (1, 2, 5) and the clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Results: Compared with those low expressions in adjacent tissues and normal tissues, the mRNA expressions of CD97 isoforms CD97EGF (1, 2, 5), CD97EGF (1, 2, 3, 5) and CD97EGF (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) in cancer tissues were highest, and the differences were statistically significant (0.71±0.20 vs. 0.40±0.09 vs. 0.35±0.07, F = 107.642, P < 0.01; 0.45±0.11 vs. 0.26±0.05 vs. 0.27±0.06, F = 94.231, P < 0.01; 0.41±0.10 vs. 0.21±0.05 vs. 0.19±0.03, F = 165.672, P < 0.01). In addition, the mRNA expression of CD97EGF (1, 2, 5) in colon cancer patients was associated with tumor infiltration depth (T₁-T₂ and T₃-T₄), clinical stages (Ⅰ-Ⅱ and Ⅲ-Ⅳ), and the differences were statistically significant (t = -2.582, P = 0.013; t = -5.062, P < 0.01). The mRNA expression of CD97EGF (1, 2, 5) in SW620 cells was higher than that in SW480 cells. Conclusions CD97 isoforms are highly expressed in colon cancer tissues, and CD97EGF (1, 2, 5) may play an important role in the development and invasion of colon cancer. The CD97 isoforms may be new markers in the treatment of colon cancer.

Objective: To understand sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge and access to sexual health information among pupils in higher grades, and to provide the scientific basis for conducting sexual education in family and school. Methods: A total of 1 098 pupils in grade four and five from 4 primary schools in a county, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province were selected for an anonymous computer assisted self-interview to get the information, including sexual and reproductive information and its sources, the condition about getting sexual education from school and family, and so on. Results: The percentage of correct answers about boy’s and girl’s puberty changes ranged from 15%~54%, and about reproduction and physiology ranges from 14%~70%. The awareness of private body parts ranged from 59%~98%. About 70%~95% could correctly identify sexual abuse scenes. The average score for knowledge on puberty changes, reproduction and physiology, identification of private body and identification of sexual abuse scenes was 31.89, 38.21, 77.03, and 85.72, with total average score of 58.21. In general, girls and students from urban areas or in grade five had higher knowledge level than boys and students from rural areas or in grade four did (P<0.05). Participants mainly obtained SRH knowledge from their mother(63.02%), father(40.53%) and teachers(27.50%). Girls and students from urban areas or in grade five reported higher proportion in access to information on human development, puberty development and health care, self-protection from parents and school teachers than boys and students from rural areas or in grade four(P<0.05). Conclusion Pupils in higher grades lacked SRH knowledge. It is necessary to raise awareness among school teachers and parents about the importance of providing sexuality education for pupils.

Objective To explore the application effects of evidence-based nursing in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ( PEG ) postoperative enteral nutrition and the effects of prevention and treatment of complications. Methods A retrospective and prospective cohort study method was adopted. The control group was composed of 58 cases of PEG enteral nutrition patients, on whom evidence-based nursing was not conducted before January 2013, while the intervention group was composed of 60 cases of PEG enteral nutrition patients, on whom evidence-based nursing was conducted after January 2013. Intervention effects of nursing were compared and analyzed between two groups. Results The incidence of complications in the intervention group (11. 67%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (43. 10%) (P<0. 01), and the incidence of infectious complications in the intervention group (5. 00%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (20.69%) (P<0. 01). There was no significant association between feeding time and complications (P >0. 05);there was significant association between ways of nutrition infusion and replacement rate of skin dressing (P<0. 01). Conclusions Application of evidence-based nursing in postoperative enteral nutrition of PEG patients can effectively prevent complications from happening, promote recovery of patients′ gastrointestinal function and overall nutritional status, and eventually shorten the time of hospitalization.

Background and objective It has been proven that increase of the awareness level of lung cancer preven-tion and control could enhance participation of lung cancer screening of lung cancer high risk group. hTe aim of this study is to investigate the awareness level of lung cancer prevention and control and the effect of individual characteristics on lung cancer awareness, and to provide evidence for comprehensive lung cancer prevention in high risk areas of lung cancer. Methods Staffs of Tianjin Dagang Oil Field who participate low dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening by cluster sampling or according to voluntary principle were surveyed, data of lung cancer awareness were collected by questionnaire. Results A total of 1,633 valid questionnaires were collected. hTe average age of respondents was 60.08±6.58. Most participants were males (82.2%) while female only accounted for 17.8%. hTe proportions of awareness about lung cancer in China, risk factors, screening methods and the knowledge of health examination were 64.5%, 77.1%, 43.7%, 49.6%respectively. Result of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that education level, smoking (pack-year), age, prior tuberculosis were the inlfuencing factors of lung cancer awareness with adjusted Ors for education and age level as of 0.567 (95%CI:0.439-0.733) and 1.373 (95%CI:1.084-1.739) respectively. 80.3%of the participants can accept health examination once a year, while the ability to pay the medical expenses was not high. hTe inlfuencing factors of health examination willingness were gender, age, income, the knowledge of lung cancer. Conclusion Education level and smoking affect the awareness of lung cancer prevention and control, health education for lung cancer should be conducted especially in population with low education level. Comprehensive lung cancer control in high risk areas should combined lung cancer screening, tobacco control and health education.

Objective To study the feasibility of endometrial sampling device as a sampling tool during the follow-up visit for endometrial cancer patients undergone conservative treatment.Methods Before the hysteroscopy examination,endometrial sampling device was used to take the endometrium specimens 43times in 19 patients who had been diagnosed as endometrial cancer or atypical hyperplasia,and were undergone conservative treatment during May 2012 to Mar.2013.All cases accepted vaginal ultrasound screening before every sampling by endometrial sampling device.The histological results were compared with those done by hysteroscopy.Results The average age of those patients was (30 ± 6) years old.The mean thickness of the endometrium during the treatment was (0.81 ± 0.65) cm.The qualified rate for the sampling was 95％ (41/43).Compared with the specimens undergone by hysteroscopy direct sampling,32samples got by the endometrial sampling device with thicker endometrium (0.93 ± 0.70) cm had the same histological results,while the other 9 patients with thinner endometrium (0.40 ± 0.14) cm were not (P =0.031).Conclusion The endometrial sampling device could be used during the follow-up visit for the conservative treatment patients with endometrial cancer or atypical hyperplasia,the vaginal ultrasound screening should be used together to figure out those with thinner endometrium.

We report a new approach of embolization in a 15-year-old boy that presented with a massive hemorrhage from a maxillary arteriovenous malformation. Re-bleeding occurred after emergent ligation of the external carotid artery. The bleeding was successfully controlled by embolization via the superficial temporal artery.
Adolescent ; Arteriovenous Malformations/*therapy ; Carotid Artery, External/surgery ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Hemorrhage/etiology/therapy ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male ; Maxillary Artery/*abnormalities ; Temporal Arteries

Objective　To compare the irradiation-protective and inter-synergestic effects of E838,WR-2721, Rubia cordifolia, cystamin e hydrochloride and ethinyl estradiol on radiation and combined radiation-burn injury. Methods　Above-mentioned drugs were given to the mice i ntraperitoneally, or intragastrcally, then, the mortality and the average surviv al d for 30 d were observed before and after the administration of the drug s. Results　①When drugs were before injury , the survival rate and the average survival d of the radiation and combined radiation-burn injured mice were increased obviously with the best effect in E838 and WR-2721. ②When drugs were given after injury, E838 and R. cordifolia also kept the effect. ③Combined appling WR-2721（pre) and E838（post）displayed a significant syner gistic reaction. Conclusion　E838 and WR-2721 are more e ffective than the others in the prevention of radiation.