Objective: To explore the association between parent-child connectedness and romantic relationships of secondary vocational school students and the moderating effect of peers romantic behavior, providing scientific basis for family and school health education. Methods: From March to April 2021，2 426 students from six secondary vocational and technical schools in Shanghai and Shaanxi Province were selected to conduct the survey by combining convenience sampling and cluster sampling.Electronic questionnaires were used to collect data on students family characteristics,oneself and peer romantic behaviors, and parent-child bonding. The t-test was employed for inter group comparisons, and binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between parent-child bonding levels, peer romantic behavior, and the romantic behavior of secondary vocational students. Results: The mother-child connection (2.63±0.77) was higher than that of father-child connection (2.48±0.78), with statistically significant difference ( t =6.83, P <0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression showed that overall father-child connectedness was negatively associated with students romantic relationships( OR =0.86，95% CI =0.76-0.97， P =0.02)and was only associated to girls romantic relationships when stratified by gender( OR =0.79，95% CI =0.66-0.93， P =0.01). Peers romantic relationships were positively associated with students romantic relationships ( OR =3.19-5.12, all P <0.01), and there was a moderating effect of the association between maternal connectedness and boys romantic relationships ( OR =1.67, 95% CI =1.05-2.66, P =0.03). Among boys without romantic peers, mother-child connectedness was negatively associated with their romantic relationships ( OR = 0.60 , 95% CI =0.36-0.99, P <0.05). In the total sample of Shanghai and girls of Shaanxi, father-child connectedness was negatively correlated with the romantic relationships of secondary vocational school students ( OR =0.84,0.65,95% CI =0.71-1.00,0.50-0.85,both P <0.05). Peer romantic relationships exhibited a negative moderating effect on the influence of mother-child connectedness on the romantic relationships of males in Shanghai ( OR =1.91, 95% CI =1.03-3.57, P <0.05). Conclusions The father-daughter connectedness is negatively correlated with girls romantic behavior, and peer romantic behavior weakens the correlation between mother-child connectedness and boys romantic behavior. Efforts should be made to enhance the parent-child connectedness of secondary vocational students and their ability to cope with peer influence, providing proper guidance for adolescents heterosexual interactions.

Objective:To determine the pathogens causing viral diarrhea in children under 5 years of age and the epidemiological patterns in Chengdu from 2021 to 2024.Methods:Fecal samples were collected from hospitalized children under 5 years of age with diarrhea in a sentinel surveillance hospital for viral diarrhea in Chengdu from 2021 to 2024. Norovirus（NoV），sapovirus（SaV），astrovirus（AstV），and enteric adenovirus（EAdV）were detected by real-time PCR or real-time RT-PCR. Group A rotavirus（RVA）was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were analyzed statistically by using SPSS 20.0 software.Results:RVA，NoV，SaV，AstV，and EAdV were detected in 329 fecal samples from 719 hospitalized children with diarrhea under 5 years of age. The total detection rate was 48.8%（329/719）. The detection rate of RVA，NoV，SaV，AstV，and EAdV was 17.0%（122/719），20.9%（150/719），4.0%（29/719），2.8%（20/719），8.6%（62/719），separately. The detection rate of mixed infection with multiple pathogens was 7.1%（51/719），among which RVA combined with NoV infection was the most common（2.2%，16/719）. Except for EAdV（ χ2=14.368， P=0.002），there was no significant difference in the detection rates of RVA，NoV，SaV，and AstV in different years. Except for SaV and EAdV，the detection rates of RVA（ χ2=11.106， P<0.001），NoV（ χ2=65.164， P<0.001）and AstV（ χ2=19.612， P<0.001）were statistically significant in different quarters. There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rates of the five pathogens between males and females. Except for NoV，there were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of RVA（ χ2=32.209， P<0.001），SaV（ χ2=13.983， P=0.002），AstV（ χ2=9.56， P=0.015）and EAdV，（ χ2=8.992， P=0.029）in children of different months of age. Conclusion:RVA and NoV are the main pathogens causing viral diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in Chengdu. The peak infection period of viral diarrhea tends to occur in winter and spring and occurs most frequently in 12-24 months old and 24-59 months old children.

Background and aims:Environmental pollutants,particularly organochlorine insecticides like endosulfan(ENDO),are increasingly linked to liver toxicity and related diseases.Despite its widespread historical use,the mechanisms underlying ENDO-induced liver damage remain poorly understood.This study aims to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of ENDO-induced hepatotoxicity.Methods:C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ENDO for two weeks.Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was subsequently performed on mouse livers to explore ENDO-induced hepatotoxicity at the single-cell level.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)across cell types and treatments were identified and then subjected to pathway enrichment to uncover key biological processes affected by ENDO.Transcription factor(TF)regulatory network,pseudotime trajectory,and cellular communication analysis were used to explore the molecular and cellular changes after ENDO exposure.Results:ENDO not only caused direct hepatocyte injury but also activated hepatic stellate cells and lymphocytes,triggering inflammatory responses with upregulation of multiple key chemokines and cytotoxic genes.Additionally,ENDO exposure led to the recruitment and activation of myeloid cells,contributing to the inflammatory milieu.An increase in intercellular communication and changes to the hepatic microenvironment,especially the interaction between activated hepatic stellate cells and CD8+T cells were observed,further implicating these processes in ENDO-induced liver damage.Conclusions:This study provides new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying liver injury induced by organochlorine insecticides like ENDO.Key genes and pathways involved in ENDO-associated liver toxicity have been identified at a single-cell resolution.These findings suggest that altered cellular communications and inflammatory responses may play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of ENDO-induced liver injury.

Objective:To determine the pathogens causing viral diarrhea in children under 5 years of age and the epidemiological patterns in Chengdu from 2021 to 2024.Methods:Fecal samples were collected from hospitalized children under 5 years of age with diarrhea in a sentinel surveillance hospital for viral diarrhea in Chengdu from 2021 to 2024. Norovirus（NoV），sapovirus（SaV），astrovirus（AstV），and enteric adenovirus（EAdV）were detected by real-time PCR or real-time RT-PCR. Group A rotavirus（RVA）was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results were analyzed statistically by using SPSS 20.0 software.Results:RVA，NoV，SaV，AstV，and EAdV were detected in 329 fecal samples from 719 hospitalized children with diarrhea under 5 years of age. The total detection rate was 48.8%（329/719）. The detection rate of RVA，NoV，SaV，AstV，and EAdV was 17.0%（122/719），20.9%（150/719），4.0%（29/719），2.8%（20/719），8.6%（62/719），separately. The detection rate of mixed infection with multiple pathogens was 7.1%（51/719），among which RVA combined with NoV infection was the most common（2.2%，16/719）. Except for EAdV（ χ2=14.368， P=0.002），there was no significant difference in the detection rates of RVA，NoV，SaV，and AstV in different years. Except for SaV and EAdV，the detection rates of RVA（ χ2=11.106， P<0.001），NoV（ χ2=65.164， P<0.001）and AstV（ χ2=19.612， P<0.001）were statistically significant in different quarters. There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rates of the five pathogens between males and females. Except for NoV，there were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of RVA（ χ2=32.209， P<0.001），SaV（ χ2=13.983， P=0.002），AstV（ χ2=9.56， P=0.015）and EAdV，（ χ2=8.992， P=0.029）in children of different months of age. Conclusion:RVA and NoV are the main pathogens causing viral diarrhea in children under 5 years of age in Chengdu. The peak infection period of viral diarrhea tends to occur in winter and spring and occurs most frequently in 12-24 months old and 24-59 months old children.

Objective To analyze the factors influencing axillary lymph-node metastasis(ALNM)in microinvasive breast cancer(MIBC)patients,as well as to establish the risk-prediction model of ipsilateral ALNM in MIBC patients.Methods A total of 4475 primary female MIBC diagnosed by pathology from 2010 to 2015 were searched and screened from the SEER database.The obtained data were used to establish a prediction model for ALNM of MIBC.A total of 2266 primary female MIBC patients diagnosed by pathology from 2018 to 2020 in the SEER database were screened as the external validation cohort.The clinicopathological data of the enrolled MIBC patients were collected.Univariate analysis was used to screen out the factors affecting ALNM in MIBC patients.Statistically significant variables in univariate analysis were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis.The independent factors influencing ALNM in MIBC patients were screened out,and a nomogram was established.The area under the curve(AUC)was calculated by plotting the ROC curve.After plotting the calibration curve,the model was evaluated by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.Results A total of 309 patients were diagnosed with ipsilateral ALNM among the 6741 MIBC patients,accounting for about 4.58%.Univariate analysis of the modeling group showed that age,ethnicity,histological grade,pathological type,molecular subtype,and lateral side were associated with ALNM in MIBC patients(P<0.05).Results of multivariate analysis showed that the risk of ALNM was higher in MIBC patients≤40 years old,black people,histological grade Ⅱand Ⅲ,and primary right side(P<0.05).Subtype is an independent factor influencing ALNM in MIBC patients.However,the difference in ALNM risk was not statistically significant between the subtype of HR+HER2+,HR-HER2+,HR-HER2-and HR+HER2-subtypes.The AUC of the modeling group was 0.716(95%CI:0.682-0.750),the best cut-off value was 0.045,the sensitivity was 0.733,and the specificity was 0.608.The newly established nomogram model was used for the validation cohort,and its AUC was 0.722(95%CI:0.667-0.777).The P values of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test of the calibration curves in the modeling and validation groups exceeded 0.05.Conclusion The risk-prediction model of ALNM in MIBC patients established by the SEER database has good predictive ability and can thus be expected to serve as a reference for clinical practice.

African swine fever virus(ASFV)I177L gene deletion vaccine is one of the key directions of African swine fever(ASF)live attenuated vaccine research and development.In order to effec-tively distinguish between the wild-type ASFV strain and the I177L gene-deleted strain,specific primers and probes were designed based on ASFV B646L and I177L genes,respectively.After screening and optimization,a duplex real-time PCR method was developed that can simultaneously detect these two genes.The results showed that ASFV B646L and I177L genes were detected spe-cifically and simultaneously by the method developed without cross-reactions with porcine circovir-us type 2,Seneca virus A,classical swine fever virus,foot-and-mouth disease virus,porcine respira-tory and reproductive syndrome virus.The detection limits of the duplex real-time PCR for recom-binant plasmids pUC57-B646L and pUC57-I177L were 1×103 copies/mL.The intra-and inter-as-say coefficients of variation were less than 4％,respectively.Detection of 122 pork and pork prod-ucts using the duplex real-time PCR developed and the real-time PCR recommended by WOAH showed that the coincidence rates of the two methods for B646L gene detection was 100％with two amplification curves appeared in the positive results of the established methods.The method established in this study can be used for the detection of ASFV I177L gene deletion strains,which provides technical support for ASF surveillance and epidemiological investigation.

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.

Objective To explore the impact of clinical treatment decisions on the long-term survival of different molecular subtypes of locally advanced breast cancer(LABC),and to promote the development of more effective and individualized treatment regimens for LABC.Methods The cases of LABC diagnosed by pathology from 2010 to 2015 were searched in the database.Breast cancer-specific survival(BCSS)and overall survival(OS)were estimated by plotting Kaplan-Meier curves.The log rank test(Mantel-Cox)was used to analyze the difference between the groups,and the benefit population of LABC was determined after for age,TNM stage,grade,treatment methods.Results The 5-year OS and BCSS were 77.43％and 84.34％in breast-conserving,and 68.03％and 76.90％in mastectomy,respectively.The 5-year OS and BCSS of Luminal A LABC were 79.91％and 87.23％in breast-conserving,and 71.78％and 81.16％in mastectomy,respectively.The 5-year OS and BCSS of Luminal B LABC were 79.30％and 83.14％in breast-conserving,and were 70.37％and 76.92％in mastectomy,respectively.The 5-year OS and BCSS of triple-negative LABC were 60.77％and 68.13％in breast-conserving,and those of mastectomy were 47.13％and 55.94％,respectively.The 5-year OS and BCSS of HER2 positive were 75.42％,82.05％in breast-conserving,and were 67.05％and 75.01％in mastectomy,respectively;The 5-year OS and BCSS of triple-positive LABC were 86.12％and 91.63％in breast-conserving,and 74.54％and 82.56％in mastectomy,respectively.The 5-year OS and BCSS of well differentiated and N0 triple-positive LABC patients with chemotherapy were 88.24％and 76.91％,and those of patients without chmotherapy were 88.24％and 90.91％,respectively(BCSS:P=0.812;OS:P=0.311).Conclusion In the selective population,OS and BCSS of patients with LABC undergoing breast conserving surgery were significantly better than those of mastectomy.When OS and BCSS were compared for different molecular types and stages of LABC,breast-conserving surgery was still superior to total mastectomy.LABC could be considered for highly differentiated,N0 stage Triple positive without chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Tibetan tea is a kind of dark tea, due to the inherent complexity of natural products, the chemical composition and beneficial effects of Tibetan tea are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to unravel the composition of Tibetan tea using knowledge-guided multilayer network (KGMN) techniques and explore its potential antioxidant and hypolipidemic mechanisms in mice.MATERIALS/METHODS: The C57BL/6J mice were continuously gavaged with Tibetan tea extract (T group), green tea extract (G group) and ddH 2 O (H group) for 15 days. The activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mice was detected.Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects of Tibetan tea in mice. Furthermore, the expression levels of liver antioxidant and lipid metabolism related genes in various groups were detected by the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. RESULTS: The results showed that a total of 42 flavonoids are provisionally annotated in Tibetan tea using KGMN strategies. Tibetan tea significantly reduced body weight gain and increased T-AOC and SOD activities in mice compared with the H group. Based on the results of transcriptome and qPCR, it was confirmed that Tibetan tea could play a key role in antioxidant and lipid lowering by regulating oxidative stress and lipid metabolism related pathways such as insulin resistance, P53 signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, fatty acid elongation and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study was the first to use computational tools to deeply explore the composition of Tibetan tea and revealed its potential antioxidant and hypolipidemic mechanisms, and it provides new insights into the composition and bioactivity of Tibetan tea.

Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage commonly presents in traumatic brain injury patients, and it may lead to complications such as meningitis, ventriculitis, brain abscess, subdural hematoma or tension pneumocephalus. When misdiagnosed or inappropriately treated, traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage may result in severe complications and may be life-threatening. Some traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage has concealed manifestations and is prone to misdiagnosis. Due to different sites and mechanisms of trauma and degree of cerebrospinal fluid leak, treatments for traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage varies greatly. Hence, the Craniocerebral Trauma Professional Group of Neurosurgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Neurological Injury Professional Group of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage in adults ( version 2023)" based on existing clinical evidence and experience. The consensus consisted of 16 recommendations, covering the leakage diagnosis, localization, treatments, and intracranial infection prevention, so as to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage and improve the overall prognosis of the patients.