ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of Taohong Siwutang （TSD） on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury （MIRI） in ovariectomized （OVX） female mice. MethodAfter the OVX model of female mice was established， the estradiol （E₂） level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） to verify the model. Sixty OVX mice were randomly divided into six groups： Sham operation group， model group， low， medium， and high dose groups （9， 18， 36 g·kg^-1） of TSD， and nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2） inhibitor group， with 10 mice in each group. The MIRI model was verified by a laser speckle flowmeter. The pathological changes in myocardial tissue were detected by 2，3， 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Serum creatine kinase isoenzyme （CK-MB）， cardiac troponin Ⅰ （CTnⅠ）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） levels were detected by ELISA. The expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） were observed by immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of Nrf2， HO-1， apoptotic B-cell lymphomato-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax）， inflammatory cytokines interleukin-18 （IL-18）， and interleukin-1β （IL-1β） were detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the serum levels of CK-MB， CTnⅠ， MDA， and IL-6 in the model group were increased （P<0.01）， and the levels of SOD and IL-10 were decreased （P<0.01）. The damage scores of TTC and HE staining in myocardial tissue were increased （P<0.01）. The expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in myocardial tissue by immunofluorescence were decreased （P<0.01）， and the protein expressions of Nrf2， HO-1， and Bcl-2 in myocardial tissue were decreased. The protein expressions of Bax， IL-18， and IL-1β were increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， serum levels of CK-MB， CTnⅠ， MDA， and IL-6 of TSD groups were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and SOD and IL-10 were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. TTC staining and HE staining damage scores of myocardial tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in myocardial tissue by immunofluorescence were increased （P<0.01）. The protein expressions of Nrf2， HO-1， and Bcl-2 were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and those of Bax， IL-18， and IL-1β were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The effect of the high dose group of TSD was the most significant. The serum levels of CK-MB， CTnⅠ， MDA， and IL-6 in the Nrf2 inhibitor group were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the levels of SOD and IL-10 were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The damage scores of TTC and HE staining in myocardial tissue were significantly increased （P<0.01）. The expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in myocardial tissue by immunofluorescence were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The protein expressions of Nrf2， HO-1， and Bcl-2 in myocardial tissue were significantly decreased， and those of Bax， IL-18， and IL-1β were significantly increased （P<0.01）. ConclusionTSD can alleviate MIRI in OVX mice， reduce oxidative stress response and the release of inflammatory factors， and inhibit apoptosis， playing a protective role in OVX mice with MIRI， which may be related to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Objective:To understand the security status of newborn fathers and analyze its related factors.Methods:A total of 256 fathers(aged 22-49 years old)of newborns born within 1 week were select-ed.They were assessed with the self-designed general information questionnaire,Parents'Postnatal Sense of Securi-ty(father version),Emotional Inhibition Scale,and Marriage Satisfaction Subscale of Enrich Marital Inventory.Results:The average score of security was(36.0±4.4).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the security scores were positively correlated with residence area(β=0.35),education level(β=0.25),preterm birth(β=0.11)and the marital satisfaction scores(β=0.25);and were negatively associated with daily crying time(β=-0.28)and the EIS scores(β=-0.18).Conclusion:The sense of security of postpartum fathers is moderate,and it is associated with residence area,education level,preterm birth,marital satisfaction,daily crying time and emotional inhibition.

Objective:To explore the role of mechanical hemodynamic support (MHS) in mapping and catheter ablation of patients with hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT), report single-center experience in a cohort of consecutive patients receiving VT ablation during MHS therapy, and provide evidence-based medical evidence for clinical practice.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. Patients with hemodynamically unstable VT who underwent catheter ablation with MHS at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University between August 2021 and December 2023 were included. Patients were divided into rescue group and preventive group according to the purpose of treatment. Their demographic data, periprocedural details, and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed.Results:A total of 15 patients with hemodynamically unstable VT were included (8 patients in the rescue group and 7 patients in the preventive group). The acute procedure was successful in all patients. One patient in the rescue group had surgical left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, remaining 14 patients received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for circulation support. ECMO decannulation was performed in 12 patients due to clinical and hemodynamic stability, of which 6 patients were decannulation immediately after surgery and the remaining patients were decannulation at 2.0 (2.5) d after surgery. Two patients in the rescue group died during the index admission due to refractory heart failure and cerebral hemorrhage. During a median follow-up of 30 d (1 d to 12 months), one patient with LVAD had one episode of ventricular fibrillation at 6 months after discharge, and no further episodes of ventricular fibrillation and/or VT occurred after treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs. No malignant ventricular arrhythmia occurred in the remaining 12 patients who were followed up.Conclusions:MHS contributes to the successful completion of mapping and catheter ablation in patients with hemodynamically unstable VT, providing desirable hemodynamic status for emergency and elective conditions.

Objective:To compare the effectivity and safety of ureteral stenting and percutaneous nephrostomy for patients with upper urinary calculi and sepsis.Methods:From June 2013 to June 2019, 429 patients with upper urinary calculi and urosepsis were accepted in the second hospital of Tianjin Medical University. According to surgical decompression, patients were divided into two groups, ureteral stenting (US, n=304) and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN, n=125).121 patients were accompanied with septic shock in US group, 56 in PCN group. The effectivity of decompression was analyzed separately in patients with or without shock. For decompression, data included the success rate of decompression, the time of infection related parameters (temperature, blood WBC and CRP) returning to normal and the complications (progress of infection within 30min after decompression, perforation of ureter or pelvis). When urosepsis was cured, ureteroscopic lithotripsy was followed for all patients. The operation time, the stone free rate, the rate of using RIRS and the complications were compared.Results:For patients without septic shock, the success rate of decompression in PCN was higher (68/69)than that of US(165/183)( P =0.025); there was no significant difference in hospital stay for infection control and the time of infection related parameters (temperature, blood WBC and CRP) returning to normal ( P>0.05). The rate of infection progress within 30min in US(25/183) was higher than PCN(3/69)( P=0.036). When ureteroscopic lithotripsy was mentioned, the operation time in US(38.5±6.8 min) was longer than PCN(32.8±4.5 min)( P=0.000), the stone free rate and the rate of using RIRS were lower in PCN( P=0.044, P=0.0002). For patients with septic shock, the success rate of decompression in PCN was higher (55/56)than that of US(106/121)( P=0.022). The rate of infection progress within 30min after decompression was still higher in US ( P=0.048), the time of infection related parameters (temperature, blood WBC and CRP) returning to normal was shorter in PCN ( P=0.000, P=0.003, P=0.000). For lithotripsy, the operation time was longer in US ( P=0.017), the stone free rate and the rate of using RIRS were lower in PCN ( P=0.024, P=0.005). Conclusions:For patients with upper urinary calculi and urosepsis, both ureteral stenting and percutaneous nephrostomy can drainage the pelvis effectively. PCN provides quick recovery, especially when septic shock is involved. For the following ureteroscopic lithotripsy, PCN contributes to less operation time and higher stone free rate, reduces the use of flexible ureteroscope.

Acute?lung?injury?(ALI)?and?its?severe?form,?acute?respiratory?distress?syndrome?(ARDS),?are?common?critical?syndromes.?The?causes?of?the?syndrome?are?complex?and?diverse.?The?main?pathological?features?are?the?diffuse?inflammatory?and?protein-rich?pulmonary?edema?caused?by?destruction?of?the?blood-air?barrier.?Reactive?oxygen?species?(ROS)?mediate?oxidative?damage?by?oxidizing?bio-macromolecules,?including?lipids,?proteins?and?nucleic?acid.?Among?many?systems?producing?ROS,?nicotinamide-adenine?dinucleotide?phosphate?(NADPH)?oxidase-mediated?ROS?is?the?main?source,?and?its?functional?subunit?is?the?transmembrane?subunit?NOX?family.?The?distribution?of?NOX?family?proteins?in?lung?tissue?is?cell?type?dependent.?NOX-derived?ROS?is?involved?in?the?defense?function?of?lung?tissue?and?related?to?the?occurrence?and?development?of?ALI/ARDS.?This?review?mainly?describes?the?cell?distribution,?activation?factors,?and?its?relationship?with?the?occurrence?and?development?of?ALI?of?the?NOX?family.

Objective: To understand the energy and major nutrients intake of high school students in Shanghai, and to provide basis for formulating target nutritional interventions and health education. Methods: The probability-proportional-to-size sampling technique was used to select 19 high schools, from which 9 boys and 9 girls from same class were randomly recruited for each grade. A total of 900 high school students were surveyed on their energy and major nutrients intake. Results: The medians of intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, sodium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B-1, vitamin B-2, vitamin C and dietary fiber were 2 353 kcal/d, 97.3 g/d, 95.4 g/d, 265.4 g/d, 602.1 mg/d, 4 373 mg/d, 24.3 mg/d, 495.6 μgRE/d, 1.08 mg/d,1.21 mg/d, 83.2 mg/d and 1.01 g/d, respectively. Among of them, the medians of intake of energy, calcium, vitamin A, vitamin B-1, vitamin B-2, vitamin C and dietary fiber for boys and girls were lower than reference standard(P<0.05). The medians of intake of energy and major nutrients in high school students who lived in countryside were less than those lived in suburban and urban(P<0.05), except carbohydrates and iron. The percentages of energy supplied byprotein, fat and carbohydrate were 16.9%, 37.2%and 46.0%, respectively. Conclusion The energy and calorigenic nutrients intake can meet the demand of daily consumption in high school students in Shanghai, but the intake of dietary fiber, some minerals and vitamins have a various degrees of deficiency. The proportion of energy supplied bycalorigenic nutrients is unbalanced.

Objective To assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)of biliverdin reductase A (BLVRA) with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia from Fujian area.Methods A total of 286 patients with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and 250 healthy controls were enrolled.Genotypes of 5 SNPs within BLVRA gene including rs699512,rs1802846,rs7738,rs1637530 and rs2302032 were determined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometer.The frequencies of genotype,allele,haplotype and their differentiations were analyzed.Results All 5 SNPs had conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (all P ＞ 0.05).rs699512 and rs1637530 showed a significant difference between the 2 groups in both allelic and genotypic frequencies (all P ＜ 0.05),but no significant differences were found in the other SNPs(all P ＞ O.05).In recessive model,the frequency of rs699512 GG genotype of patients was significantly lower than that of the healthy control group(OR =0.494,95％ CI:0.276-0.886,P =0.018),while in dominant model,the frequencies of rs699512 GG + AG and rs1637530 TT + CT genotype of patients were significantly lower than that of the healthy control group(OR =0.678,0.627;95％ CI:0.482-0.954,0.444-0.885;P =0.026,0.008).Based on linkage disequilibrium analysis and haplotype construction,rs1637530,rs2302032,rs699512 and rs1802846 locus in the same area.Based on haplotype CGAT,TGGT,CTAT and CGGT had significant differences between the 2 groups (all P ＜ 0.05),and could reduce the risk of high blood bilirubin (OR =0.588,0.687,0.501;95％ CI:0.434-0.797,0.496-0.952,0.250-1.004).Conclusions rs699512 and rs1637530 may be associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,A allele in rs699512 and C allele in rs1637530 may be associated with significantly increased risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Objective To observe the protective effects of carnosic acid on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in acute ocular hypertension rats model.Methods Sixty male SPF SD rats (8-12 weeks) were randomly assigned to normal control group,carnosic-acid treated group and model control group with 20 rats for each group.The acute ocular hypertension animal model was induced by the perfusion of normal saline solution into anterior chamber of eyes to elevate the intraocular pressure (IOP) to 110 mmHg for 60 minutes in the rats of the carnosic-acid treated group and model control group,and then the carnosic-acid (dissolving in DMSO) was intraperitoneally injected for consecutive 7 days in the carnosic-acid treated group,and only DMSO was injected in the same way in the model control group.The rates were sacrificed 2 weeks after experiment and retinal sections were prepared for histopathological and apoptotic retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) examination by hemotoxylin & eosin staining and TUNEL staining,and immunofluorescence was employed to examine the survival cell number of RGCs.This study protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee for Experimental Animal of Three Gorges University.Results The retinal morphology and structure were clear in the normal control group.The edema of retinal tissue,loosely arranged RGCs and swollen nucleus were seen in the model control group.In the carnosic-acid treated group,the retinal morphology and structure were regular.The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was (32.96±1.63),(58.96± 1.57) and (50.11±2.37)μm,and the apoptotic cell number was (6.92±2.96),(29.85±6.40) and (14.69± 2.98)/field,and the survived cell number was (2 363.17± 148.45),(1 308.67 ±106.02) and (1 614.17 ±96.39) / 0.235 mm2 in the normal control group,model control group and carnosic-acid treated group,respectively,with significant differences among the groups (F =339.284,81.583,122.68,all at P＜0.01).Compared with the normal control group,the RNFL thickness was thickened,the number of apoptotic RGCs was much more and the number of survived RGCs was decreased in the model control group,with significant differences (all at P＜0.01).In the carnosic-acid treated group,the RNFL thickness was thinner,the number of apoptotic RGCs was reduced and the number of survived RGCs was increased in comparison with the normal control group,with significant differences (all at P＜0.01).Conclusions Carnosic-acid plays a protective effect on RGCs by inhibiting the cell apoptosis in acute ocular hypertension rats.

Objective To characterize the CT perfusion parameters of focal pancreatic lesions including pancreatic cancers (PACs) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs),estimate the confirmity and fungibility of parameters obtained from Deconvolution and Maximum slope+Patlak.Methods From December 2015 to November 2016,22 patients with PACs and 22 patients with pNETs(37 lesions confirmed by surgery and biopsy)underwent preoperative whole-pancreas CT perfusion in our center. The volume perfusion CT of the entire pancreas was performed at 80 kV and 100 mA,using 28 consecutive volume measurements and intravenous injection of 45 ml of iodinated contrast and saline at a flow rate of 5 ml/s. One experienced radiologists measured and recorded the CT perfusion parameters on Siemens post-processing workstation using two mathematical methods:Maximum slope+Patlak analysis versus Deconvolution method.ResultsWilcoxon matched-pairs test revealed significant difference between both pairs of the perfusion measurements by the two methods,PACs(BFM vs. BFD,Z=-3.263,P=0.001;BVD vs. BVP,Z=-3.978,P=0.000); pNETs(BFM vs. BFD,Z=-5.212,P=0.000;BVD vs. BVP,Z=-2.633,P=0.008). Spearman's correlation coefficient showed both pairs of perfusion measurements significantly correlated with each other in PACs (BFM vs. BFD,r=0.845,P=0.000;BVD vs. BVP,r=0.964,P=0.000) and pNETs(BFM vs. BFD,r=0.759,P=0.000),BVD vs. BVP,r=0.683,P=0.000). Geometric mean BFM/BFD ratio in PACs was 0.77 (range:0.61-0.99),while geometric mean BVD/BVP ratio was 1.42 (range:1.13-1.79),within 95% limits of agreement. Geometric mean BFM/BFD ratio in pNETs was 0.66 (range:0.51-0.86),while geometric mean BVD/BVP ratio was 1.15 (range:0.88-1.50),within 95% limits of agreement. Conclusion sSignificantly different CT perfusion values of blood flow and blood volume were obtained by Deconvolution-based and Maximum slope+Patlak-based algorithms in the pNETs and PACs. They correlated significantly with each other. Two perfusion-measuring algorithms are interchangeable because the ranges of the conversion factors are narrow.
Algorithms ; Blood Volume ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Pancreas ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Objective To investigate the prevalence of DUOX2 mutations in Chinese patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and to discuss the inheritance pattern of DUOX2 gene.Methods Blood samples were collected from 91 CH children and their genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes.All exons and exon-intron boundaries of DUOX2 were analyzed by target next-generation sequencing and family trios was established to study the inheritance pattern of DUOX2 gene.Results Fifty-four out of 91 children with CH carried DUOX2 mutation, with a prevalence of 59.34%.Of the 54 CH children, 36 carried DUOX2 biallelic mutations.In all 12 family trios with probands carrying biallelic DUOX2 mutations, the parents carried heterozygous DUOX2 mutations while still showing normal thyroid function, suggesting that CH caused by DUOX2 mutations is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.Conclusion DUOX2 gene is one of the most frequently mutated genes in Chinese CH patients and its inheritance pattern is an autosomal recessive one.