Objective:To analyze the effect of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) on the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells and explore its regulatory role in the miR-455-3p/ nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway.Methods:The expression levels of lncRNA SNHG16 and miR-455-3p in human normal cervical epithelial cells H8, human cervical cancer cells SiHa, and radioresistant cervical cancer cells SiHa-R were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. SiHa-R cells were transfected separately, and then given a single dose of 4 Gy X-ray irradiation and continued to be cultured for subsequent experiments. The cells in each group were named siRNA-NC, siRNA-SNHG16 (interfering lncRNA SNHG16), NC mimic, miR-455-3p mimic (overexpressing miR-455-3p), siRNA-SNHG16+inhibitor NC, and siRNA-SNHG16+miR-455-3p inhibitor groups, respectively. The survival fraction of SiHa-R cells was detected by clone formation assay. The apoptosis rate of SiHa-R cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptotic proteins [cysteine-containing aspartate-specific protease (Caspase)-3, Caspase-9, Bax] and NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins [NF-κB p65, phosphorylated (p)-NF-κB p65, p-IκB (inhibitory protein of NF-κB)] were measured by Western blot. The targeting relationship between lncRNA SNHG16 and miR-455-3p was determined by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Comparison among different groups was conducted by one-way ANOVA, and paired comparison was carried out by LSD t-test. Comparison between two groups was performed by t-test. Results:Compared with H8 cells, the expression levels of lncRNA SNHG16 were increased in SiHa and SiHa-R cells, and SiHa-R cells had a higher level than SiHa cells. The expression levels of miR-455-3p were decreased in SiHa and SiHa-R cells, and SiHa-R cells had a lower level than SiHa cells (all P<0.001). Compared with the siRNA-NC group, the survival fraction of SiHa-R cells in the siRNA-SNHG16 group was decreased, the radiosensitization ratio (SER) was 1.571 (>1), the apoptosis rate and levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Bax proteins were increased, while the levels of p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκB proteins were decreased (all P<0.001). lncRNA SNHG16 could target miR-455-3p. Compared with the NC mimic group, miR-455-3p level in the miR-455-3p mimic group was increased, cell survival fraction was decreased, the SER was 1.826 (>1), the apoptosis rate and the levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax proteins were increased, and the levels of p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκB proteins were decreased (all P<0.001). Inhibition of miR-455-3p expression could weaken the effect of interfering with lncRNA SNHG16 expression on SiHa-R cell apoptosis, radiotherapy sensitivity, and NF-κB signaling pathway (all P<0.001). Conclusions:Interference with lncRNA SNHG16 expression could induce the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells and enhance their radiation sensitivity by regulating the miR-455-3p/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of circ_0000285 on regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of radiotherapy-resistant (RR) cells in cervical cancer.Methods:The RR cervical cancer cell lines HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR were constructed by gradually increasing the dose of X-ray irradiation. After transfection and/or 5 Gy X-ray irradiation, both HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells were divided into the control, si-circ_0000285, 5 Gy, si-circ_0000285+5 Gy, si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+5 Gy and si-circ_0000285+ miR-4731-5p inhibitor+si-FOXM1+5 Gy groups, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected using CCK-8 assay. The expression of circ_0000285 in cervical cancer cells HeLa and SiHa, as well as RR cervical cells HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR was measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The targeting relationship between circ_0000285 and miR-4731-5p as well as the targeting relationship between miR-4731-5p and forkhead box M1 ( FOXM1) were assessed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of FOXM1 protein was detected by Western blot. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results:CCK-8 assay confirmed the successful construction of radioresistant cervical cancer cells HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR. The expression of circ_0000285 in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly higher than that in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-4731-5p was the target gene of circ_0000285, and FOXM1 was the target gene of miR-4731-5p. Compared with the control group, the cell proliferation level of si-circ_0000285 group ( t=6.12, 9.80, P=0.004, 0.001) and si-circ_0000285+5 Gy group ( t=2.45,15.93, P=0.071, <0.001) in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells were significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate were significantly increased ( t=10.14, 17.78, P=0.001, <0.001; t=14.43, 31.44,both P<0.001). The cell proliferation ability of si-circ_0000285+5 Gy group in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly higher than that of si-circ_0000285 group ( t=3.67, 6.12, P=0.021, 0.004), and the apoptosis rate was significantly higher than that in the si-circ_0000285 group ( t=8.96, 11.07, P=0.001, <0.001). Compared with the si-circ_0000285+5 Gy group, the proliferation ability of si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+5 Gy group in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly decreased ( t=19.61, 12.25, both P<0.001), and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased ( t=13.74, 29.78, both P<0.001). Compared with the si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+5 Gy group, the proliferation ability of si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+si-FOXM1+5 Gy group in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly decreased ( t=2.45, 15.93, P=0.071, <0.001), and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased ( t=19.56, 35.71, both P<0.001). Conclusions:Knocking down circ_0000285 in combination with X-ray irradiation can significantly inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells and promote cell apoptosis, and the mechanism may be that circ_0000285 regulates the miR-4731-5p/FOXM1 signaling axis.

Objective:To analyze the effect of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) on the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells and explore its regulatory role in the miR-455-3p/ nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway.Methods:The expression levels of lncRNA SNHG16 and miR-455-3p in human normal cervical epithelial cells H8, human cervical cancer cells SiHa, and radioresistant cervical cancer cells SiHa-R were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. SiHa-R cells were transfected separately, and then given a single dose of 4 Gy X-ray irradiation and continued to be cultured for subsequent experiments. The cells in each group were named siRNA-NC, siRNA-SNHG16 (interfering lncRNA SNHG16), NC mimic, miR-455-3p mimic (overexpressing miR-455-3p), siRNA-SNHG16+inhibitor NC, and siRNA-SNHG16+miR-455-3p inhibitor groups, respectively. The survival fraction of SiHa-R cells was detected by clone formation assay. The apoptosis rate of SiHa-R cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptotic proteins [cysteine-containing aspartate-specific protease (Caspase)-3, Caspase-9, Bax] and NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins [NF-κB p65, phosphorylated (p)-NF-κB p65, p-IκB (inhibitory protein of NF-κB)] were measured by Western blot. The targeting relationship between lncRNA SNHG16 and miR-455-3p was determined by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Comparison among different groups was conducted by one-way ANOVA, and paired comparison was carried out by LSD t-test. Comparison between two groups was performed by t-test. Results:Compared with H8 cells, the expression levels of lncRNA SNHG16 were increased in SiHa and SiHa-R cells, and SiHa-R cells had a higher level than SiHa cells. The expression levels of miR-455-3p were decreased in SiHa and SiHa-R cells, and SiHa-R cells had a lower level than SiHa cells (all P<0.001). Compared with the siRNA-NC group, the survival fraction of SiHa-R cells in the siRNA-SNHG16 group was decreased, the radiosensitization ratio (SER) was 1.571 (>1), the apoptosis rate and levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Bax proteins were increased, while the levels of p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκB proteins were decreased (all P<0.001). lncRNA SNHG16 could target miR-455-3p. Compared with the NC mimic group, miR-455-3p level in the miR-455-3p mimic group was increased, cell survival fraction was decreased, the SER was 1.826 (>1), the apoptosis rate and the levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax proteins were increased, and the levels of p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκB proteins were decreased (all P<0.001). Inhibition of miR-455-3p expression could weaken the effect of interfering with lncRNA SNHG16 expression on SiHa-R cell apoptosis, radiotherapy sensitivity, and NF-κB signaling pathway (all P<0.001). Conclusions:Interference with lncRNA SNHG16 expression could induce the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells and enhance their radiation sensitivity by regulating the miR-455-3p/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of circ_0000285 on regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of radiotherapy-resistant (RR) cells in cervical cancer.Methods:The RR cervical cancer cell lines HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR were constructed by gradually increasing the dose of X-ray irradiation. After transfection and/or 5 Gy X-ray irradiation, both HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells were divided into the control, si-circ_0000285, 5 Gy, si-circ_0000285+5 Gy, si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+5 Gy and si-circ_0000285+ miR-4731-5p inhibitor+si-FOXM1+5 Gy groups, respectively. Cell proliferation was detected using CCK-8 assay. The expression of circ_0000285 in cervical cancer cells HeLa and SiHa, as well as RR cervical cells HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR was measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The targeting relationship between circ_0000285 and miR-4731-5p as well as the targeting relationship between miR-4731-5p and forkhead box M1 ( FOXM1) were assessed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of FOXM1 protein was detected by Western blot. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results:CCK-8 assay confirmed the successful construction of radioresistant cervical cancer cells HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR. The expression of circ_0000285 in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly higher than that in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-4731-5p was the target gene of circ_0000285, and FOXM1 was the target gene of miR-4731-5p. Compared with the control group, the cell proliferation level of si-circ_0000285 group ( t=6.12, 9.80, P=0.004, 0.001) and si-circ_0000285+5 Gy group ( t=2.45,15.93, P=0.071, <0.001) in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells were significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate were significantly increased ( t=10.14, 17.78, P=0.001, <0.001; t=14.43, 31.44,both P<0.001). The cell proliferation ability of si-circ_0000285+5 Gy group in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly higher than that of si-circ_0000285 group ( t=3.67, 6.12, P=0.021, 0.004), and the apoptosis rate was significantly higher than that in the si-circ_0000285 group ( t=8.96, 11.07, P=0.001, <0.001). Compared with the si-circ_0000285+5 Gy group, the proliferation ability of si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+5 Gy group in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly decreased ( t=19.61, 12.25, both P<0.001), and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased ( t=13.74, 29.78, both P<0.001). Compared with the si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+5 Gy group, the proliferation ability of si-circ_0000285+miR-4731-5p inhibitor+si-FOXM1+5 Gy group in HeLa-RR and SiHa-RR cells was significantly decreased ( t=2.45, 15.93, P=0.071, <0.001), and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased ( t=19.56, 35.71, both P<0.001). Conclusions:Knocking down circ_0000285 in combination with X-ray irradiation can significantly inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells and promote cell apoptosis, and the mechanism may be that circ_0000285 regulates the miR-4731-5p/FOXM1 signaling axis.

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) on the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells by regulating autophagy.Methods:The radioresistant cervical cancer cell lines HeLa/IR and SiHa/IR were constructed. The radiosensitivity of HeLa/IR and SiHa/IR cells was evaluated by colony formation assay. Real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of lncRNA TUG1 in each group. Western blot was used to detect the expression of autophagy proteins including Beclin1, microtubule-associated protein1 light chain 3 (LC3)Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ and p62 in each group. NC-siRNA, TUG1-siRNA, TUG1-siRNA combined with rapamycin (an autophagy activator) were transfected into HeLa/IR and SiHa/IR cells, which were named as NC-siRNA group, TUG1-siRNA group and TUG1-siRNA+rapamycin group, respectively. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the transfection efficiency of lncRNA TUG1. Western blot was used to assess the effect of lncRNA TUG1 silencing on autophagy protein expression. Flow cytometry was employed to evaluate the effect of lncRNA TUG1 silencing on the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa/IR and SiHa/IR cells, respectively. The differences between two groups were analyzed by t-test, and the comparison among multiple groups was conducted by one-way analysis of variance. Results:Compared with HeLa and SiHa cells, the survival fractions of HeLa/IR and SiHa/IR cells was significantly increased, the expression of lncRNA TUG1 in cells was significantly increased, the expression levels of autophagy proteins Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ were significantly increased, and the expression of p62 protein was significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0. 05). Compared with the NC-siRNA group, the expression of lncRNA TUG1 and cell viability in HeLa/IR and SiHa/IR cells in the TUG1-siRNA group were significantly decreased, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, the expression levels of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ proteins were significantly decreased, and the expression of p62 protein was significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0. 05). Compared with the TUG1-siRNA group, the expression levels of Beclin1 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ proteins in HeLa/IR cells in the TUG1-siRNA+rapamycin group were significantly increased, the expression of p62 protein was significantly decreased, the cell viability was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Silencing lncRNA TUG1 can enhance the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells by regulating autophagy.

Objective: To make a quantitative evaluation on the short term effect of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter no more than 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) on cumulative excess mortality rate (CER) and years of life lost (YLL) in residents in Changping district of Beijing. Methods: The death data in local residents, daily mortality, meteorology data and air pollution data (PM_2.5, SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations) in Changping from 2014 to 2017 were collected. Distributed lag non-linear model was used to assess the age and gender specific cumulative lag effects of PM_2.5 on cardiovascular CER and daily YLL in Changping. Results: The effects of PM_2.5 on cardiovascular CER and YLL were obvious on lag 7 days and lag 9 days, respectively, peaking on day 14, and lasting for 21 days. On lag0-21 days, for a 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5, the population based CER of cardiovascular disease death was 0.021% (95%CI: 0.004%-0.038%), and the YLL was 1.47 (95%CI: 0.23-2.70) years. Greater PM_2.5 effect were observed in males and the elderly. Conclusion PM_2.5 increased the risk of cardiovascular disease death and YLL.

Objective: To analyze the pathogenic surveillance programs and related factors on bacillary dysentery in Beijing, 2008-2017, to provide evidence for the practices of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the disease. Methods: Analysis was conducted on surveillance data of bacillary dysentery, collected from the surveillance areas of national bacillary dysentery in Beijing. Shigella positive rate of stool samples were used as the gold standard while detection rate of Shigella, diagnostic accordance rate and resistance were computed on data from the surveillance programs. Chi-square test was used to compare the rates and unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of Shigella infection. Results: Both the reported incidence rate on bacillary dysentery and detection rate of Shigella in diarrhea patients showed significantly decreasing trend, from 2008 to 2017. The accordance rate of bacillary dysentery was only 7.80% (111/1 423). Shigella sonnei was the most frequently isolated strain (73.95%, 159/215) followed by Shigella flexnery. Results from the multivariate logistic regression of Shigella positive rate revealed that among those patients who were routine test of stool positive vs. routine test of stool positive (OR=1.863, 95%CI: 1.402-2.475), onset from July to October vs. other months'time (OR=7.271, 95%CI: 4.514-11.709) temperature ≥38 ℃vs. temperature <38 ℃(OR=4.516, 95%CI: 3.369-6.053) and age from 6 to 59 years old vs. other ages (OR=1.617, 95%CI: 1.085-2.410), presenting higher positive detection rates of Shigella from the stool tests. The resistant rates on ampicillin and nalidixic acid were 97.57% (201/206) and 94.90% (186/196), both higher than on other antibiotics. The resistant rates on ciprofloxacin (16.33%, 32/196), ofloxacin (9.57%, 11/115) and on amoxilin (15.05%, 31/206) were relatively low. The resistant rate appeared higher on Shigella flexnery than on Shigella sonnei. The proportion of strains with resistance on 3 more drugs, was 30.00%(21/70). Conclusions: The diagnostic accordance rate of bacillary dysentery in Beijing was low, with severe resistance of Shigella. Our findings suggested that clinicians should take multiple factors into account in their practices about epidemiological history, clinical symptom and testing results for diarrhea patients.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Beijing/epidemiology* ; Child ; China/epidemiology* ; Dysentery, Bacillary/prevention & control* ; Feces/microbiology* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance/methods* ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Shigella/isolation & purification* ; Shigella flexneri/isolation & purification* ; Shigella sonnei/isolation & purification* ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical features of SAPHO syndrome.Methods Clinical data of 22 cases of SAPHO syndrome were analysed.Results There were 7 males and 15 females among the 22 patients.The average age at onset of cutaneous and osteoarticular lesions was 45 years and 44 years, respectively.Of the 22 patients,21 had palmoplantar pustulosis and 1 had acne fulminans.Anterior chest wall (ACW) was involved in 19 patients,peripheral joints in 4 patients and sacroiliac joints in 2 patients.Osteoarticular manifestations occurred prior to the onset of skin lesions in 10 cases.after that in 9 cases,and simultaneously in 3 cases.The mean interval between the onset of cntaneous and osteoarticular lesions was 2.7 years and the longest interval was 20 years.Conclusions Middle-aged females predominate in patients with SAPHO syndrome seen in dermatological clinics.Palmoplantar pustulosis and ACW involvement are the most common clinical manifestations of SAPHO syndrome.