ObjectiveTo investigate the possible mechanism of Jishe Qushi Capsule （脊蛇祛湿胶囊， JQC） in treating rheumatoid arthritis （RA） from the perspective of macrophage polarization mediated by neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs）. MethodsTwenty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into four groups， blank control group， model group， JQC group， and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 （PAD4） inhibitor group with 6 rats in each group. All groups but the blank control group were subjected to the induction of collagen-induced arthritis （CIA）. After successful model establishment， rats in the JQC group received intragastric administration of JQC 1.47 g/kg daily； rats in the PAD4 inhibitor group received intraperitoneal injections of the PAD4 inhibitor 4 mg/kg weekly. Rats in the blank， model， and PAD4 inhibitor groups received 2 ml of pure water daily by gavage. All treatments lasted 4 weeks. Joint lesions of each group were assessed on day 7， 14， 21， 28， and 35 after model establishment， and arthritis index （AI） scores were recorded. At 24 h after the final administration， histopathology of knee joints， including HE staining， safranin O-fast green staining， and TRAP staining， was performed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the counts of M1 and M2 macrophages in peripheral blood. ELISA was used to determine serum levels of TRACP， NETs， TNF-α， IL-1β， and iNOS. Western Blotting and qRT-PCR were used to measure MPO， NE， RANKL， OPG， and p65 protein and mRNA expression in knee cartilage tissue. ResultsCompared with the blank control group， the model group showed increased AI scores （P＜0.05）， marked synovial inflammatory infiltration， angiogenesis， and bone-cartilage destruction， increased TRAP-positive osteoclasts， increased M1 macrophages and decreased M2 macrophages， elevated serum TRACP， NETs， TNF-α， IL-1β， and iNOS （P＜0.05）， elevated MPO， NE， RANKL， and p65 protein/mRNA expression and decreased OPG protein/mRNA expression in knee cartilage tissue （P＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， the JQC group exhibited improved synovial inflammation， angiogenesis， and bone-cartilage damage， reduced AI scores on day 21， 28， and 35， decreased osteoclast counts， decreased M1 macrophages and increased M2 macrophages， reduced serum TRACP， NETs， TNF-α， IL-1β， and iNOS （P＜0.05）， decreased MPO， NE， RANKL， and p65 protein/mRNA expression and increased OPG expression （P＜0.05）. Compared with the PAD4 inhibitor group， the JQC group showed significantly lower AI scores， reduced M1 macrophages， increased M2 macrophages （P＜0.05）， reduced serum TRACP， TNF-α， IL-1β， and iNOS， decreased MPO， RANKL， and p65 expression， and increased OPG levels （P＜0.05）. ConclusionThe therapeutic mechanism of JQC for RA may involve inhibition of NETs formation， downregulation of the RANKL/NF-κB signaling pathway， and regulation of macrophage M1/M2 polarization imbalance， thereby suppressing osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone destruction.

Mental state is an important part of the normal life activities of the human body, and it is also the most external expression and the most easily obtained information of the physical condition. The normal activities of the mind depend on the normal operation of the viscera, qi, and blood, and are a unified whole that prospers together and suffers together. The theory of the five-spirit-viscera in the Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic revealed that the normal mental activities of the human body were dominated by the five internal organs, that is, the five internal organs were the body and the five spirits were the function. And it highlighted the viewpoint that the five internal organs store the spirits and are actually one. The heart governs the spirit and belongs to the four internal organs. On this basis, Synopsis of Golden Chamber used the internal organs to diagnose and treat mental diseases, integrating the theory of the five spirits into it, forming a unique method of diagnosis and treatment with the heart as the leading factor and regulating the qi and blood of the four internal organs. It identified the pathogenesis of diseases such as pathogenic crying, lily disease, and hysteria from five levels: heart deficiency and weak qi, heart-lung disharmony, heart-liver disharmony, the heart of the loss of the spleen nourishment, and disharmony between heart and kidney. The treatment was mainly to replenish the deficiency of the viscera and eliminate the pathogens, reflecting the characteristics of regulating the mind and calming the four internal organs. This unique view on diagnosis and treatment has profoundly influenced the diagnosis and treatment theories of mental illnesses by later doctors, and is of great significance to the current clinical treatment of such illnesses.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and recent efficacy of iliac vein molding and stenting in daytime treatment mode in patients with iliac vein stenosis.Methods:Medical records of iliac vein molding and stenting performed in the ipsilateral great saphenous vein approach conducted from February 2017 to March 2022 were retrospective reviewed.There were 21 cases,6 males and 15 females.Age ranged from 37 to 79 years[(62.5±10.2)years].The stenosis in the 21 limbs simply involved the common iliac veins in 16 patients,2 patients had the simple and external iliac veins,and both the total and external iliac veins in 3 patients.Both iliac vein molding and iliac vein stenting were performed through the ipsilateral great saphenous vein approach.The patients with simple iliac vein stenosis with great saphenous vein valve insufficiency also underwent radiofrequency closure of great saphenous vein and flexural vein sclerosis therapy simultaneously.Regular postoperative direct oral anticoagulants therapy and stress therapy were followed.All the patients were hospitalized for less than 24 h.Results:All the 21 patients operations were successful(the success rate was 100％),without any intraoperative compli-cations.Immediate postoperative complications were puncture point bleeding in 1 case.The bandage gauze was completely wet.The bleeding was stopped after 5min of recompression.All the patients were hospitalized for less than 24 h.Follow-up results:The 3-month follow-up rate after operation was 100％.Absolute effective 18 cases(18/21,85.7％).Relatively effective(postmentation still after surgery,but with less extent)in 3 cases(3/21,14.3％).The iliac vein stents were unobstructed,and the trunk of the great saphenous vein was well closed in the patients with great saphenous vein radiofrequency treat-ment.The 6-month follow-up rate after operation was 71.4％(15/21).Of these,14 cases(14/15,93.3％)were absolutely effective.Relatively effective(postmentation still after surgery,but with less ex-tent)in 1 case(1/15,6.7％).The iliac vein stents were no restenosis or obstruction,and the trunk of the great saphenous vein was well closed in the patients with great saphenous vein radiofrequency treat-ment.Conclusion:The interventional treatment technique of iliac vein stenosis is feasible in the daytime treatment mode,with clear advantages and satisfactory recent efficacy.

Objective : To investigate the expression of genes and proteins in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell ( PBMC) cystine / glutamate antiporter system (System Xc-) / glutathione ( GSH) / glutathione peroxidase 4 ( GPX4) ferroptosis pathway and its influence on inflammatory factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) ． Methods : 30 patients with RA and 30 healthy participants were enrolled．PBMCs were isolated using Ficoll-hypaque density gradient centrifugation．The cells were categorized into the healthy control，RA，ferroptosis inhibitor，ferroptosis in- ducer group．The cell viability was checked using the cell counting kit-8 ( CCK-8) method．Intracellular Fe2 + rela- tive fluorescence intensity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using the FerroOrange and Di- hydroethidium (DHE) fluorescent probes，respectively．Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) de- tected the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ( Nrf2 ) ，solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) ，GPX4 proteins and mRNA．And the flow cytometry quantified the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) ，Interleukin (IL) -1，and IL-6 in the supernatant of each cell group. Results : Compared to the healthy control group，the RA group showed a significantly increased Fe2 + concentration and elevated ROS levels，reduced expression of Nrf2，SLC7A11 and GPX4 proteins and mRNA，and increased contents of TNF-α , IL-1 and IL-6 in PBMC supernatant，and the differences were statistically significant．The concentration of Fe2 + and ROS levels in the inhibitor group were lower than those in the RA group，the proteins expressions of Nrf2，SLC7A11 and GPX4 increased，the mRNA expressions of SLC7A11 and GPX4 increased，the content of IL-6 in the PBMC supernatant decreased but the content of TNF-α increased，and the differences were statistically significant．In contrast，the in- ducer group，when compared to the RA group，displayed increased ROS levels，reduced expression of SLC7A11 protein and mRNA and decreased expression of Nrf2 protein，and the contents of TNF-α and IL-1 in the PBMC su- pernatant increased，but the expression of GPX4 protein increased ，and the differences were statistically signifi- cant．The inducer group，compared to the RA group，showed increased cell viability，and the difference was statis- tically significant (P＜0. 000 1) ． Conclusion The presence of ferroptosis in PBMC in RA patients，inhibiting or inducing PBMC ferroptosis in RA patients，will inhibit or promote the secretion of inflammatory factors．Inhibition of PBMC ferroptosis in RA patients may be helpful in the treatment of RA.

Objective: To investigate the incidence trend of tuberculosis in Haidong City, Qinghai Province from 2006 to 2020, and the effects of age, period, and cohort on tuberculosis incidence, so as to provide the basis for enhancing the prevention and control for tuberculosis. Methods: Data of tuberculosis cases in Haidong City from 2006 to 2020 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Incidence rates were calculated and standardized using data from the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. The trends in incidence of tuberculosis were analyzed by annual percent change (APC). Effects of age, period and cohort on the incidence of tuberculosis were analyzed by an age-period-cohort model. Results: The crude incidence rates of tuberculosis in Haidong City from 2006 to 2020 ranged from 37.69/105 to 100.93/105, and the standardized incidence rates ranged from 42.85/105 to 115.24/105. The standardized incidence rates from 2006 to 2015 showed a decreasing trend (APC=-7.148%, P<0.05), while there was no significant trend observed from 2015 to 2020 (all P>0.05). The age-period-cohort model analysis showed that the highest incidence risk of tuberculosis in Haidong City from 2006 to 2020 was observed in the age group of 20-<25 years (RR=2.973, 95%CI: 2.353-3.756), followed by the age group of 80-<85 years (RR=2.785, 95%CI: 2.206-3.516). The incidence risk of tuberculosis was higher in the period from 2016 to 2020 (RR=1.253, 95%CI: 1.203-1.306) compared to the period from 2011 to 2015 (RR=0.796, 95%CI: 0.770-0.823). Tuberculosis incidence risk was the highest in the birth cohort from 1936 to 1940 (RR=3.050, 95%CI: 2.356-3.949), and then gradually decreased over time thereafter. Conclusions The incidence of tuberculosis in Haidong City showed a decreasing trend from 2006 to 2015, while there was no significant trend observed from 2015 to 2020. The incidence risk of tuberculosis was higher in the age groups of 20-<25 years and 80-<85 years, and the risk decreased for those born in more recent years.

Objective: To investigate the changes of microorganisms and metabolites in joint effusion of patients with Rheumatoid arthritis(RA), Osteoarthritis(OA) and Urarthritis(UA). To provide new ideas for the study of the effect of microbiota on the pathogenesis of arthritis. Methods: Joint effusion samples were collected from 20 patients with RA, 20 patients with OA, and 20 patients with UA. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted ultra-high performance Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) were used to explore the differences in microorganisms and metabolites among the three groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used to detect the correlation between effusion microbiota and metabolites. Results: There were differences in microbial diversity and microbiota composition among the three groups. Combined with VIP>1 from OPLS-DA andP<0.05 from two-tailed Students t-test, 45 differential metabolites(Between RA and OA groups), 38 differential metabolites(Between UA and OA groups) and 16 differential metabolites(Between RA and UA groups), were identified. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differential metabolic pathways among the three groups were mainly concentrated in citric acid cycle(TCA cycle), nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism and glycolysis pathway. Correlation analysis of joint effusion microbiota and metabolites suggested that bacteria enriched in the three groups of joint effusion, such asPrevotella,Clostridium ruminosus,Prevotellaceae＿UCG-001, were related to many key metabolites such as lysozyme, uric acid, glucose, and L-glutamine. Conclusion This study shows that there are a variety of bacterial flora in joint cavity effusion of RA, OA, and UA patients, and the differential metabolites produced by them are involved in the pathogenesis of the three types of arthritis by affecting a variety of metabolic pathways.

Objectives:To evaluate the tricuspid valve(TV)geometric remodeling in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension(IPAH)by three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. Methods:Two-dimensional and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography were performed in 30 IPAH patients and 15 healthy controls,and the geometry parameters of TV were obtained by four-dimensional auto tricuspid valve quantitative(4D Auto-TVQ)in the right ventricular-focused apical view.Pulmonary arterial hypertension was determined by right heart catheterization within 48 hours of echocardiography. Results:The 4-chamber diameter,tricuspid annular(TA)perimeter,TA area,maximal tenting height,coaptation point height and tenting volume were larger in IPAH patients than those in healthy controls(all P＜0.05),2-chamber diameter was similar between two groups.In IPAH group,maximal tenting height and coaptation point height were moderately correlated with right ventricular end-diastolic volume(r=0.710,r=0.515,both P＜0.05),while TA perimeter,4-chamber diameter and TA area were moderately correlated with right atrial end-systolic volume(r=0.712,r=0.558,r=0.545,all P＜0.05). Conclusions:IPAH patients have larger maximal tenting height,coaptation point height and tenting volume,TA enlargement is mainly visible in 4-chamber diameter.TV tenting height is associated with right ventricular volume,but TA size is associated with right atrial volume in IPAH patients.

Background and purpose:Follow-up data of 6 737 patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer were collected based on hospital registration,and the 1-,3-and 5-years observed overall survival(OS)rates and disease-free survival(DFS)rates were analyzed to provide real-world research evidence for the prevention and control of gastric cancer and policy making in China.Methods:A total of 6 737 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer center from 2015 to 2020 were included in this study.Clinical information and the follow-up endpoint data were collected through medical records review,telephone visits and death registry data linkage.The last follow-up date was November 30,2023.Kaplan-Meier method was applied in evaluating the 1-,3-and 5-year OS rate and DFS rate,and survival data were described by different subgroups including age group,gender,treatment period,tumor staging,and pathological characteristics.Results:With a median follow-up time of 50.99 months,the 5-year OS rate of surgically resected gastric cancer patients was 70.37%,and 5-year DFS rate in Ⅰ-Ⅲ stage cases was 69.46%.The 5-year OS rates of stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 94.32%,82.56%,51.01%and 23.97%,respectively.The differences in survival among patients with different age,tumor location,gross classification,Borrmann classification and Laurence classification were significant.Conclusion:Staging is an important factor directly affecting the survival of gastric cancer patients.Screening and early diagnosis and treatment in large population,especially high-risk group,should be strengthened to further improve the patients'survival.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors and prognostic value of the textbook outcome (TO) in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection.Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. A total of 253 patients with AGC who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy in the Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were retrospectively included. There were 195 males and 58 females, aged (60.3±10.0) years (range: 27 to 75 years). The patients were then divided into the TO group ( n=168) and the non-TO group ( n=85). Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent predictors of TO. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were used to analyze independent prognosis factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Propensity score matching was performed to balance the TO and non-TO groups, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates and draw survival curves. Results:Among the 253 patients, 168 patients (66.4%) achieved TO. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score ( OR=0.488, 95% CI: 0.278 to 0.856, P=0.012) and ypN stage ( OR=0.626, 95% CI:0.488 to 0.805, P<0.01) were independently predictive of TO. Multivariate analysis revealed that TO was an independent risk factor for both OS ( HR=0.662, 95% CI: 0.457 to 0.959, P=0.029) and DFS ( HR=0.687, 95% CI: 0.483 to 0.976, P=0.036). After matching, the 5-year OS rate (42.2% vs. 27.8%) and the 5-year DFS rate (37.5% vs. 27.8%) were significantly higher in the TO group than in the non-TO group (both P<0.05). Furthermore, patients in the non-TO group benefited significantly from postoperative chemotherapy (both P<0.05), but those in the TO group did not (both P>0.05). Conclusion:TO is an independent prognosis factor in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery for AGC and is associated with postoperative chemotherapy benefits.