The knowledge and experience of medical practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases throughout history are mostly reflected in the description and analysis of relevant clinical events.The diagnosis and treatment thinking and cognitive reasoning process among the knowledge has dynamic and complex characteristics in time and space.However,the current exploration of ancient doctors' diagnosis and treatment experience of diseases and syndromes is mainly focuses on the academic evolution of the entire historical time line,and lacks the exploration of the concept of time and its medical relevance in ancient books.It mainly focuses on entity knowledge,and lacks the presentation of temporal dynamic cognitive logic.Moreover,the research primarily focuses on the study of specific terms in ancient Chinese medicine books,without fully covering ancient medical events.To address this issue,this research proposes to construct the evolution model of diagnosis and treatment experience based on time-series dynamic perspective:according to the time series of diagnosis and treatment events,it covers the time system module,the"coming disease"module,the"already sick"module,and the"after sick"module,which involves the dynamic risk assessment of disease occurrence by ancient medical practitioners,the grasp of the dynamic evolution of the already sick state and the treatment plan,and the dynamic health plan for the after sick state.

The knowledge and experience of medical practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases throughout history are mostly reflected in the description and analysis of relevant clinical events.The diagnosis and treatment thinking and cognitive reasoning process among the knowledge has dynamic and complex characteristics in time and space.However,the current exploration of ancient doctors' diagnosis and treatment experience of diseases and syndromes is mainly focuses on the academic evolution of the entire historical time line,and lacks the exploration of the concept of time and its medical relevance in ancient books.It mainly focuses on entity knowledge,and lacks the presentation of temporal dynamic cognitive logic.Moreover,the research primarily focuses on the study of specific terms in ancient Chinese medicine books,without fully covering ancient medical events.To address this issue,this research proposes to construct the evolution model of diagnosis and treatment experience based on time-series dynamic perspective:according to the time series of diagnosis and treatment events,it covers the time system module,the"coming disease"module,the"already sick"module,and the"after sick"module,which involves the dynamic risk assessment of disease occurrence by ancient medical practitioners,the grasp of the dynamic evolution of the already sick state and the treatment plan,and the dynamic health plan for the after sick state.

Objective:To construct a representative index system for evaluating pediatric orthopedic nursing quality, providing a basis for hospital pediatric orthopedic nursing quality assessment and monitoring.Methods:From April to July 2023, using the "structure-process-outcome" three-dimensional quality structure model as the theoretical framework, a literature review was conducted, and an item pool was formulated. Through two rounds of Delphi method expert consultations, the hierarchical analysis method was finally employed to determine the indicators and their weights at each level.Results:The effective recovery rates of the questionnaire of the two rounds of expert consultations were 100% (20/20), the authority coefficients of experts were 0.87 and 0.88, the coefficients of variation were 0.00 to 0.27 and 0.00 to 0.24. The Kendell harmony coefficients of the second and third indicators in the two rounds of inquiry were 0.140, 0.166 and 0.192, 0.161(all P<0.05). The final pediatric orthopedic nursing quality evaluation index system included 3 primary indicators, 21 secondary indicators and 83 tertiary indicators. Among the primary indicators, the weight of process quality was the highest at 0.493 4, followed by outcome quality at 0.310 8, and the lowest was structural quality at 0.195 8. In the secondary indicators, "assessment criteria of limb blood circulation" had the highest weight at 0.099 8. Conclusions:The constructed pediatric orthopedic nursing quality evaluation index system covers key aspects and is more operationally feasible. It provides better guidance for nursing interventions and quality control.

Objective To explore the dynamic changes in monoamine oxidase A(MAOA)and forkhead box A1(FOXA1)levels during neuroendocrine differentiation(NED)in prostate cancer,providing new strategies for the treatment of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Methods Cell models and mouse transplantation models of NED were established through long-term sustained induction with enzalutamide(ENZ).Dynamic expression of MAOA and FOXA1 in NED was detected by Western Blot and Real-time PCR.GEO database data were selected to analyze the dynamic trends in MAOA and FOXA1 levels in multiple NED models.We constructed a mouse transplantation model of human prostate cancer cell lines and analyzed the dynamic expression of MAOA and FOXA1 in the in vivo NED model by immunohistochemistry.MAOA expression was disrupted with lentiviral transfection,and the impact on FOXA1 was detected.Results Both MAOA and FOXA1 concentrations showed dynamic characteristics,increasing and then decreasing during the NED process.Knockdown of MAOA in prostate cancer cells led to decreased expression of FOXA1.This MAOA may play different roles at different stages of NED by acting through FOXA1.Conclusions Both MAOA and FOXA1 levels showed increasing,then decreasing,trends during NED.The expression of MAOA affected the level of FOXA1,and MAOA/FOXA1 may play a dynamic regulatory role in the NED process.

In order to investigate the mechanism of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase(HMGCR)on liver bile acid(BAs)and lipid metabolism of dairy cows with fatty liver,A liver lip-id accumulation model was established by isolating primary calf hepatocytes and treating them with high concentration of non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA)in vitro.Then,HMGCR overex-pressed adenovirus(Ad-HMGCR)and overexpressed adenovirus control(Ad-GFP)were added.Hepatocyte triglyceride(TAG)was detected by the kit,lipid droplet changes were detected by lip-id droplet fluorescence,and BAs synthesis,fatty acid synthesis and oxidation factor changes were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The results showed that TAG content and lip-id droplet fluorescence were significantly reduced in Ad-HMGCR+NEFA group compared with Ad-GFP+NEFA group.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that CYP7A1,CYP8B1,CYP7B1 and CYP27A1 of hepatocyte BAs synthesis factors in Ad-HMGCR+NEFA group,BAs transporters ABCC2 and ABCB11 and fatty acid synthesis factors ACC1,FAS and SREBP1C were significantly lower than those in Ad-GFP+NEFA group.The levels of BAs syn-thesis factor FXR and lipid oxidation factor CPT1A in Ad-HMGCR+NEFA group were higher than those in Ad-GFP+NEFA group.The results showed that overexpression of HMGCR could significantly reduce BAs and lipid accumulation in the liver of dairy cows with fatty liver.

Objective To explore the effect of temperature on the risk of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and population susceptibility. Methods The data of HFMD cases in Chengdu from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2022 were collected, and local meteorological data during the same period were also collected. Distributional lag nonlinear models were developed. The relative risk (RR) of morbidity at different temperatures and different lags was calculated. Differences in the relative risk levels of different populations were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 263 776 cases of HFDM were reported in Chengdu during the study period. The distribution of HFMD was periodic. For the overall population, the short-term average temperature and RR showed a ^“U^”-shaped relationship. When the lag time was 0-7 days, the cumulative RR was 1.59 (95%CI: 1.18-2.14) at the average temperature of -0.5℃ and 2.16 (95%CI: 1.60-2.91) at the average temperature of 34.5℃. The RR values under high and low temperatures decreased with increasing lag period. When the lag time was extended, the average temperature and RR showed an inverted ^“U^”-shaped relationship, with higher RR at moderate temperatures and increasing as the lag period increased. The results of the subgroups showed that the RR of onset among scattered children was higher at high and low temperatures. Conclusion The risk effect of temperature on the onset of HFMD in different populations is variable and changes with the lag period, and the prevention and control measures should be adjusted in a timely and targeted manner.

Superchilling is an emerging technology for meat preservation; however, the temperature changes during the process have been commonly ignored. Thus, the effects of temperature fluctuations on meat quality during superchilling are yet to be evaluated. In our study, pork loins and salmon fillets were stored for several days (0, 8, 15, 23, and 30 d) under different temperature fluctuations based on -3.5 ℃ as the target temperature. The results showed that after 15 d of superchilling storage, the values of total volatile basic nitrogen, total viable count, and lipid oxidation were significantly (P<0.05) altered in the ±2.0 ℃ fluctuation group compared with the constant temperature group. On the contrary, there was no significant difference in these parameters between the ±1.0 ℃ fluctuation group and the constant temperature group after 30 d of storage. In addition, irregular temperature changes significantly accelerated the modulation of various indicators. In brief, temperature fluctuations and irregular temperature changes accelerated the destruction of muscle structural integrity, increased the water loss, gradually widened the water loss channels, and thereby reduced the edibility by accelerating the spoilage of meat.
Animals ; Lipid Metabolism ; Pork Meat ; Red Meat ; Salmon ; Swine ; Temperature

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of neutrophil-derived exosomes on skin wound healing. 【Method】 ① The venous blood was taken from 10 healthy volunteers to separate and purify neutrophils, and exosomes were prepared from neutrophil supernatants using differential centrifugation on Sepharose columns. ② The rat trauma model with full-thickness skin defect was prepared and randomly divided into three groups: control group, 50 μg/mL exosomes group, and 100 μg/mL exosomes group. The CCK8 test and the scratch test were used to determine the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells, respectively, which was used to investigate the effects of neutrophil-derived exosomes on the formation of endothelial cell tubular structures in vitro. On day 7 and day 14 after surgery, the skin wound healing was observed and the wound healing rate in different treatment groups was compared. On day 14 after surgery, the wound tissues of each group were stained with HE and Masson to observe the arrangement of collagen fibers. 【Results】 ① Neutrophil-derived exosomes were round or oval vesicles with diameter about 100 nm. ② On post injury hour (PIH) 12, the scratch test suggested that wound healing rates in the three groups were close (P>0.05 ), while wound healing rate of 100 μg/mL neutrophil-derived exosomes in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01) and 50 μg/mL exosomes group (P<0.05) on PIH 24. On PIH 12, the result of CCK8 assay showed that 50 and 100 μg/mL exosomes groups had enhanced proliferative activity of vascular endothelial cells (P<0.01) and the results were still higher in both groups than in the control group on PID 24. The results of tube formation assay showed that neutrophil-derived exosomes could promote the formation of tubular structures of endothelial cells in vitro (P<0.01). ③ On day 7 and 14 after surgery, compared with the control group, the wound healing rates of the 50 and 100 μg/mL exosomes groups were higher (P<0.01). The wound healing rate of 100 μg/mL exosomes group was higher than that of 50 μg/mL exosomes group (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the newly formed epidermis and dermis on the wound surface of the 100 μg/mL exosomes group were longer, the number of collagen fibers increased, and the arrangement direction was highly consistent on the 14 th day after surgery. 【Conclusions】 Neutrophil-derived exosomes can promote full-thickness wound healing in rats by promoting the proliferation and migration of new vascular endothelial cells and the formation of collagen fibrous.

【Objective】 To continuously improve the management of blood donors and ensure blood safety in the Yangtze River Delta(Zhejiang province, Jiangsu province, Anhui province and Shanghai city). 【Methods】 The information sharing system for donation interval query in the Yangtze River Delta was established in July 2020 to provide data and technical support to block blood donors who should not redonate due to insufficient intervals. 【Results】 Blood stations in the Yangtze River Delta unified the information sharing standard, developed the query service and realized the information sharing of donation interval query. 【Conclusion】 The establishment of this system could reduce the risk of blood donation from eligible donos with insufficient donation interval, and further improve the management of blood donors and blood safety in the Yangtze River Delta.

【Objective】 To introduce the construction of the electronic blood-donation certificate information system(EBDCIS) in Zhejiang province, including the construction foundation, system design, system function and preliminary development achieved. 【Methods】 A provincially unified EBDCIS, based on Internet and cloud computing technology relying on the Zhejiang blood cloud platform with Alipay and WeChat applet as service carriers, was developed in 2019, which was oriented towards " the Internet Plus blood donation service" . 【Results】 In addition to the realization of electronic blood-donation certificate, the system mainly improved the online service, including 6 categories as blood donation information query, blood donation navigation, facial recognition, satisfaction evaluation, blood use exemption and blood knowledge area, covering 21 functions. 【Conclusion】 The application of EBDCIS in Zhejiang province has provided better care and service for blood donors, and is conductive to establish one-stop blood donation service platform.