OBJECTIVE T o explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors for plastic bronchitis(PB)in the chil-dren with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).METHODS A retrospective case-control study was con-ducted for the medical data of the children with MPP who hospitalized in pediatrics department of Affiliated Hos-pital of Jining Medical College and underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage from Jan.2023 to Dec.2024.The enrolled children were divided into the PB group and the non-PB group according to the status of complication with PB.The baseline data,clinical characteristics,laboratory test indexes,imaging features,bron-choscopy findings and treatment outcomes were observed and compared between the two groups of children.RESULTS A total of 734 children with MPP were included in the study,131 of whom were assigned as the PB group,and 603 were assigned as the non-PB group.The children were younger[4.83(1.88,7.00)years],the du-ration of fever was longer,the peak temperature was higher[39.50(39.20,39.80)℃],the percentage of compli-cation with pleural effusion was higher(33.59％),the percentage of extrapulmonary organs involved was higher(27.48％),the levels of white blood cells,neutrophils percentage,C-reactive protein(CRP),lactic dehydrogen-ase(LDH),D-dimer(DD)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)were higher in the PB group than in the non-PB group,and there were significant differences(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the percentage of mucosal necrosis under bronchoscopy,number of times of treatments assisted by bronchoscopy and length of hospital stay between the two groups(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS The MPP children with PB are characterized by younger rage,longer duration of fever,higher peak temperature,higher percentage of complication with pleural effusion,extrapulmonary organs more likely to be involved,more intensive inflammatory reactions and higher percentage of mucosal necrosis under bronchoscopy.Some of the children need to be treated repeatedly with assis-tance of bronchoscopy,and the length of hospital stay is long.

OBJECTIVE T o explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors for plastic bronchitis(PB)in the chil-dren with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).METHODS A retrospective case-control study was con-ducted for the medical data of the children with MPP who hospitalized in pediatrics department of Affiliated Hos-pital of Jining Medical College and underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage from Jan.2023 to Dec.2024.The enrolled children were divided into the PB group and the non-PB group according to the status of complication with PB.The baseline data,clinical characteristics,laboratory test indexes,imaging features,bron-choscopy findings and treatment outcomes were observed and compared between the two groups of children.RESULTS A total of 734 children with MPP were included in the study,131 of whom were assigned as the PB group,and 603 were assigned as the non-PB group.The children were younger[4.83(1.88,7.00)years],the du-ration of fever was longer,the peak temperature was higher[39.50(39.20,39.80)℃],the percentage of compli-cation with pleural effusion was higher(33.59％),the percentage of extrapulmonary organs involved was higher(27.48％),the levels of white blood cells,neutrophils percentage,C-reactive protein(CRP),lactic dehydrogen-ase(LDH),D-dimer(DD)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)were higher in the PB group than in the non-PB group,and there were significant differences(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the percentage of mucosal necrosis under bronchoscopy,number of times of treatments assisted by bronchoscopy and length of hospital stay between the two groups(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS The MPP children with PB are characterized by younger rage,longer duration of fever,higher peak temperature,higher percentage of complication with pleural effusion,extrapulmonary organs more likely to be involved,more intensive inflammatory reactions and higher percentage of mucosal necrosis under bronchoscopy.Some of the children need to be treated repeatedly with assis-tance of bronchoscopy,and the length of hospital stay is long.