Objective To observe the effect of Kaixin Powder on neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice by regulating WDFY1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway;To explore its mechanism of intervening in Alzheimer disease(AD).Methods APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group,donepezil hydrochloride group(0.66 mg/kg),and Kaixin Powder low-,medium-and high-dosage groups(1.625,3.25,6.5 g/kg),C57BL/6J mice were set as blank control group,with 8 mice in each group,and corresponding drug intervention was given to medicaction group for 24 weeks.Morris water maze,Y maze and novel object recognition experiments were conducted to assess the cognitive function and learning and memory abilities of mice,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the deposition of β-amyloid protein(Aβ)in hippocampus,the morphology and Nissl bodies of hippocampal CA1 neurons were observed using HE staining and Nissl staining,ELISA was used to detect the serum contents of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-17,IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1),glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),WDFY1,Toll like receptor 4(TLR4),Toll like receptor associated molecule(TRAM),TIR domain adapter protein(TRIF),NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in hippocampal tissue,RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF and NF-κB p65 in hippocampal tissue.Results Compared with the blank control group,the model group had significantly prolonged escape latency,reduced platform crossings,decreased autonomous reaction alternation rate and relative recognition index(P<0.05,P<0.01),with increased deposition of Aβ in hippocampal tissue(P<0.01),damaged morphological structure of neurons,reduced number of neurons and Nissl bodies,the serum contents of IL-6,IL-17,IL-1β and TNF-α significantly increased,the expression of Iba1,GFAP,WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF,p-NF-κB p65 protein and WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF mRNA in hippocampal tissue significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,Kaixin Powder groups and donepezil hydrochloride group had significantly shortened escape latency and increased platform crossings,autonomous reaction alternation rate and relative recognition index(P<0.05,P<0.01),hippocampal Aβ deposition reduced in Kaixin Powder medium-,high-dosage groups and donepezil hydrochloride group,the morphological structure of neurons recovered,the number of neurons and Nissl bodies increased,the serum contents of IL-6,IL-17,IL-1β and TNF-α significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the protein expression of Iba1,GFAP,WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF,p-NF-κB p65 and the mRNA expressions of WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM and TRIF in hippocampal tissue significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Kaixin Powder can improve cognitive function and learning and memory abilities in AD model mice,alleviate hippocampal neuron damage and Aβ deposition,inhibit the activation of microglia and astrocytes,and thereby reduce serum inflammatory cytokine release.Its mechanism may be related to regulating the WDFY1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to inhibit neuroinflammation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of action of Kaixinsan in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease （AD） based on network pharmacology， molecular docking， and animal experimental validation. MethodsThe Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform（TCMSP） and the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine（ETCM） databases were used to obtain the active ingredients and targets of Kaixinsan. GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man（OMIM）， TTD， PharmGKB， and DrugBank databases were used to obtain the relevant targets of AD. The intersection （common targets） of the active ingredient targets of Kaixinsan and the relevant targets of AD was taken， and the network interaction analysis of the common targets was carried out in the STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction（PPI） network. The CytoNCA plugin within Cytoscape was used to screen out the core targets， and the Metascape platform was used to perform gene ontology（GO） functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis. The “drug-active ingredient-target” interaction network was constructed with the help of Cytoscape 3.8.2， and AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking. Scopolamine （SCOP） was utilized for modeling and injected intraperitoneally once daily. Thirty-two male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into blank control （CON） group （0.9% NaCl， n=8）， model （SCOP） group （3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1， n=8）， positive control group （3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 of SCOP+3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 of Donepezil， n=8）， and Kaixinsan group （3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 of SCOP+6.5 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of Kaixinsan， n=8）. Mice in each group were administered with 0.9% NaCl， Kaixinsan， or Donepezil by gavage twice a day for 14 days. Morris water maze experiment was used to observe the learning memory ability of mice. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining method was used to observe the pathological changes in the CA1 area of the mouse hippocampus. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to determine the serum acetylcholine （ACh） and acetylcholinesterase （AChE） contents of mice. Western blot method was used to detect the protein expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3（STAT3） and nuclear transcription factor（NF）-κB p65 in the hippocampus of mice. ResultsA total of 73 active ingredients of Kaixinsan were obtained， and 578 potential targets （common targets） of Kaixinsan for the treatment of AD were screened out. Key active ingredients included kaempferol， gijugliflozin， etc.. Potential core targets were STAT3， NF-κB p65， et al. GO functional enrichment analysis obtained 3 124 biological functions， 254 cellular building blocks， and 461 molecular functions. KEGG pathway enrichment obtained 248 pathways， mainly involving cancer-related pathways， TRP pathway， cyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP） pathway， and NF-κB pathway. Molecular docking showed that the binding of the key active ingredients to the target targets was more stable. Morris water maze experiment indicated that Kaixinsan could improve the learning memory ability of SCOP-induced mice. HE staining and ELISA results showed that Kaixinsan had an ameliorating effect on central nerve injury in mice. Western blot test indicated that Kaixinsan had a down-regulating effect on the levels of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and STAT3 phosphorylation in the hippocampal tissue of mice in the SCOP model. ConclusionKaixinsan can improve the cognitive impairment function in SCOP model mice and may reduce hippocampal neuronal damage and thus play a therapeutic role in the treatment of AD by regulating NF-κB p65， STAT3， and other targets involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the effect of Kaixin Powder on neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice by regulating WDFY1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway;To explore its mechanism of intervening in Alzheimer disease(AD).Methods APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group,donepezil hydrochloride group(0.66 mg/kg),and Kaixin Powder low-,medium-and high-dosage groups(1.625,3.25,6.5 g/kg),C57BL/6J mice were set as blank control group,with 8 mice in each group,and corresponding drug intervention was given to medicaction group for 24 weeks.Morris water maze,Y maze and novel object recognition experiments were conducted to assess the cognitive function and learning and memory abilities of mice,immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the deposition of β-amyloid protein(Aβ)in hippocampus,the morphology and Nissl bodies of hippocampal CA1 neurons were observed using HE staining and Nissl staining,ELISA was used to detect the serum contents of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-17,IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of calcium-binding adapter molecule 1(Iba1),glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP),WDFY1,Toll like receptor 4(TLR4),Toll like receptor associated molecule(TRAM),TIR domain adapter protein(TRIF),NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in hippocampal tissue,RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF and NF-κB p65 in hippocampal tissue.Results Compared with the blank control group,the model group had significantly prolonged escape latency,reduced platform crossings,decreased autonomous reaction alternation rate and relative recognition index(P<0.05,P<0.01),with increased deposition of Aβ in hippocampal tissue(P<0.01),damaged morphological structure of neurons,reduced number of neurons and Nissl bodies,the serum contents of IL-6,IL-17,IL-1β and TNF-α significantly increased,the expression of Iba1,GFAP,WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF,p-NF-κB p65 protein and WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF mRNA in hippocampal tissue significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,Kaixin Powder groups and donepezil hydrochloride group had significantly shortened escape latency and increased platform crossings,autonomous reaction alternation rate and relative recognition index(P<0.05,P<0.01),hippocampal Aβ deposition reduced in Kaixin Powder medium-,high-dosage groups and donepezil hydrochloride group,the morphological structure of neurons recovered,the number of neurons and Nissl bodies increased,the serum contents of IL-6,IL-17,IL-1β and TNF-α significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the protein expression of Iba1,GFAP,WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM,TRIF,p-NF-κB p65 and the mRNA expressions of WDFY1,TLR4,TRAM and TRIF in hippocampal tissue significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Kaixin Powder can improve cognitive function and learning and memory abilities in AD model mice,alleviate hippocampal neuron damage and Aβ deposition,inhibit the activation of microglia and astrocytes,and thereby reduce serum inflammatory cytokine release.Its mechanism may be related to regulating the WDFY1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to inhibit neuroinflammation.

Objective:To investigate the effects of customized dental-bone supported osteotomy guide plate in bilateral sagittal split osteotomy.Methods:24 patients(48 sides)with maxillofacial deformity underwent BSSO were included.The maxillofacial region of all patients was scanned by CT,the plaster dental models were scanned using laser surface scanner,and the 3D models were established.The osteotomy guide plates of the inner horizontal and anterior sagittal bone incision of mandible ramus were manufactured by digital technology.All splits underwent operation with(27 side)and without(21 sides)the osteotomy guide plate respectively by the same doc-tor,and the time for the inner horizontal and anterior sagittal bone incision of mandible ramus was recorded.Postoperative CT scan was performed to evaluate the surgical effects according to the lingual split scale(LSS)classification.Results:The wound in all patients healed well and no serious complication was observed.The time for the inner horizontal and anterior sagittal bone incision of mandible ramus in plate group and no plate group was(125.67±2.23)s and(141.15±3.69)s respectively(P＜0.05).The probability of mandi-ble splitting according to Hunsuck standard osteotomy line increased from 42.86％to 66.67％,and the probability of osteotomy line passing through mandibular nerve canal decreased from 33.33％to 7.41％,by using osteotomy guide plate.In addition,LSS4 type of osteotomy line was avoided by using osteotomy guide plates.Data analysis showed that the split pattern of sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus was influenced by the application of osteotomy guide plates(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The customized dental-bone supported osteotomy guide plate is effective in the completion of the operation and reducing time consuming and surgical complication in BSSO.

Objective Developing a new type of full-face respiratory protective mask for nuclear facility sites to enhance the sound transmission function and improve the facial adaptability. Methods Combined with feedback from on-site practical needs, this study utilized finite element simulation and ergonomic design methods to investigate the voice transmission units of full-face masks and the facial features of workers at key nuclear facilities. Based on the research results, a new full-face respiratory protection mask structure was designed. Results The optimized structure of passive thin film voice transmission unit significantly enhanced voice transmission efficiency, reducing average voice transmission loss by approximately 70% compared to the control group using thin plate units of equivalent thickness. The existing facial feature test panels insufficiently cover and unevenly classify the facial features of workers at key nuclear facilities. In this study, a specialized test panel based on measurement data achieved a total coverage of 98.5% with high distribution uniformity within each class, providing effective guidance for redesigning full-face mask structural parameters. In comparison to foreign products currently utilized in nuclear facilities, the newly designed full-face mask structure exhibited excellent tightness and structural safety and reliability, and can be cleaned, decontaminated, and reused. Conclusion The results of this study provide significant guidance for improving and optimizing full-face respiratory protection mask used at nuclear facilities, as well as promoting domestic production of high-quality full-face respiratory protection masks.

Based on the demand of enterprise talents and the characteristics of manufacturing process management in biotechnology, in order to make the students acquire the ability to solve complex engineering problems in the production process, we developed a "Comprehensive Biotechnology Experiment" course, where two-step enzymatic production of l-aspartate and l-alanine were the key processes. In this course, we drew lessons from the site management of the production enterprise, performed the experimental operation mode of four shifts and three operations. The content of this course includes principles, methods and experimental techniques of several core curricula and the site management mode of enterprises. As to the evaluation, the summary of the experimental staff's handover records and the content of teamwork were examined and scored. Through teaching practice and continuous improvement, we developed a complete experimental teaching process and assessment mechanism. Overall, the Comprehensive Biotechnology Experiment course achieved good teaching effect, which may serve as a reference to promote the development of experimental teaching of biotechnology.
Humans ; Biotechnology ; Curriculum ; Students

Background::The potential impact of β cell function and insulin sensitivity on adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the association between β cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods::This observational study included 482 women diagnosed with GDM during pregnancy. Quantitative metrics on β cell function and insulin sensitivity during pregnancy were calculated using traditional equations. The association of β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance with the risk of the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes was investigated using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models.Results::Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of adverse pregnancy outcomes across quartiles of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were 1.00, 0.95, 1.34, and 2.25, respectively ( P for trend = 0.011). When HOMA-IR was considered as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted OR of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 1.34 (95% confidence interval 1.16-1.56) for each 1-unit increase in HOMA-IR. Multivariable-adjusted ORs of adverse pregnancy outcomes across quartiles of homeostatic model assessment for β cell function (HOMA-β) were 1.00, 0.51, 0.60, and 0.53, respectively ( P for trend = 0.068). When HOMA-β was considered as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted OR of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.57 (95% CI 0.24-0.90) for each 1-unit increase in HOMA-β. However, other quantitative metrics were not associated with the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions::We demonstrated a significant association of β cell function and insulin sensitivity with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We have provided additional evidence on the early identification of adverse pregnancy outcomes besides the glycemic values.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum C1q/tumor necrosis factor-associated protein 3 (CTRP3), soluble growth stimulation expression gene 2 protein (sST2), Elabela and prognosis in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:The clinical data of 118 ASTEMI patients underwent PCI from March 2019 to March 2021 in Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred within 90 d, the patients were divided into MACE group (36 cases) and non-MACE group (82 cases). The levels of CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the patients were divided into high CTRP3 group and low CTRP3 group, high sST2 group and low sST2 group, high Elabela group and low Elabela group according to the median, there were 89 cases in each group. MACE was the end point event. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn, and compared by log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of MACE after PCI in patients with ASTEMI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the prediction efficiency of MACE.Results:The sST2 in MACE group was significantly higher than that in non-MACE group: (49.56 ± 17.67) μg/L vs. (30.76 ± 12.83) μg/L, the CTRP3 and Elabela were significantly lower than those in non-MACE group: (0.82 ± 0.42) μg/L vs. (2.02 ± 0.58) μg/L and (17.66 ± 3.85) μg/L vs. (21.84 ± 3.18) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The incidence of MACE in low CTRP3 group was significantly higher than that in high CTRP3 group: 49.15% (29/59) vs. 11.86% (7/59), the incidence of MACE in lowe Elabela group was significantly higher than that in high Elabela group: 42.37% (25/59) vs. 18.64% (11/59), and there were statistical differences ( χ2 = 19.35 and 7.84, P<0.01); the incidence of MACE in high sST2 group was significantly higher than that in low sST2 group: 38.98% (23/59) vs. 22.03% (13/59), and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 4.00, P<0.05). The time from admission to MACE was defined as the survival time. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the survival time in high CTRP3 group was significantly longer than that in low CTRP3 group: (81.02 ± 3.23) d vs. (56.31 ± 4.74) d, the survival time in low sST2 group was significantly longer than that in high sST2 group: (74.52 ± 3.87) d vs. (61.12 ± 5.07) d, the survival time in high Elabela group was significantly longer than that in low Elabela group: (77.95 ± 3.48) d vs. (58.64 ± 4.89) d, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis result showed that the LVEF, TnI, CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela were independent influencing factors of MACE after PCI in patients with ASTEMI ( HR = 1.632, 1.124, 0.712, 1.482 and 0.676; 95% CI 1.531 to 3.271, 1.012 to 1.482, 0.547 to 0.842, 1.063 to 1.852 and 0.536 to 0.725; P<0.01). ROC curve analysis result showed that the cut-off values of CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela in prediction MACE after PCI in patients with ASTEMI were 0.79, 52.17 and 16.82 μg/L respectively, areas under curve were 0.833, 0.732 and 0.739 respectively. Conclusions:CTRP3, sST2 and Elabela can be used as indicators to predict the early prognosis of ASTEMI patients after PCI.

ObjectiveTo investigate the moderating effect of psychological resilience in relation to depressive symptoms and suicidal risk among adolescents. MethodsThe research is a descriptive survey. A total of 71 137 adolescents were selected from 163 schools in Deyang by stratified cluster sampling. Their psychological resilience， depressive symptoms and suicide risks were measured oneline by using 10-item Connor-davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RICS-10）， Patients’ Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9） and Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised （SBQ-R）. The moderating effect of psychological resilience in relation to depressive symptoms and suicidal risk was examined by multivariate stratified regression analysis. Results① The score of CD-RISC-10 was negatively related to PHQ-9 score and SBQ-R score （r=-0.305， -0.268， P<0.01）. ② Psychological resilience significantly moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal risk （β=-0.100， t=-31.716， P<0.01）. ③ In both male and female adolescents， resilience played a significant role in depressive symptoms and suicide risk （β=-0.086， -0.084， t=-17.502， -18.839， P<0.01）. ConclusionPsychological resilience could significantly alleviate the impact of high-level depressive symptoms on suicidal risk among adolescents， and this effects both male and female adolescents.