Abelmoschi Corolla, the dried corolla of Abelmoschus manihot, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrosis activities. Its chemical constituents mainly include flavonoids, organic acids, steroids, and polysaccharides. This study reviewed the research progress in the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Abelmoschi Corolla in recent 20 years. According to the concept of quality marker(Q-marker), the Q-markers of Abelmoschi Corolla were predicted from plant phylogeny, chemical constituent specificity, traditional efficacy, chemical constituent measurability, and absorbed constituents. The primary Q-markers for Abelmoschi Corolla were anticipated to include quercetin-3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, gossypetin-8-O-β-D-glucuronide, isoquercetin, myricetin,quercetin, and hyperoside, with the aim of providing reference data for improving the quality evaluation system of Abelmoschi Corolla.
Abelmoschus/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Flowers/chemistry* ; Humans ; Animals ; Quality Control ; Flavonoids/chemistry*

Coronary heart disease is a cardiovascular disease that affects coronary arteries. It presents high incidence and high mortality worldwide, bringing a serious threat to human health and quality of life. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease. Salvianolic acid B is an active component in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma extracts, and studies have shown that it has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, apoptosis-and autophagy-regulating, anti-fibrosis, and metabolism-modulating effects. This article reviews the research progress regarding the therapeutic effect of salvianolic acid B on coronary heart disease in the recent decade. It elaborates on the role and mechanism of salvianolic acid B in treating coronary heart disease from multiple perspectives, such as the inhibition of thrombosis, improvement of blood circulation, reduction of myocardial cell injury, and inhibition of cardiac remodeling. This article provides a theoretical basis for the application of Chinese medicinal materials and TCM prescriptions containing salvianolic acid B in the treatment of coronary heart disease.
Humans ; Benzofurans/administration & dosage* ; Coronary Disease/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Salvia miltiorrhiza/chemistry* ; Animals ; Depsides

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of acupuncture on the neurotransmitter levels and gut microbiota in a mouse model of Tourette syndrome (TS). METHODS: Thirty-six male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table method: 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) group, control group, acupuncture group, and tiapride group, with 9 mice in each group. In the IDPN group, acupuncture group, and tiapride group, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of IDPN (300 mg/kg body weight) for 7 consecutive days to induce stereotyped behaviors. Subsequently, in the acupuncture intervention group, standardized acupuncture treatment was administered for 14 consecutive days to IDPN-induced TS model mice. The selected acupoints included Baihui (DU 20), Yintang (DU 29), Waiguan (SJ 5), and Zulinqi (GB 41). In the tiapride group, mice were administered tiapride (50 mg/kg body weight) via oral gavage daily for 14 consecutive days. The control group, IDPN group, and acupuncture group received the same volume of saline orally for 14 consecutive days. Stereotypic behaviors were quantified through behavioral assessments. Neurotransmitter levels, including dopamine (DA), glutamate (Glu), and aspartate (ASP) in striatal tissue were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dopamine transporter (DAT) expression levels were additionally quantified through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Gut microbial composition was analyzed through 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, while metabolic profiling was conducted using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). RESULTS: Acupuncture administration significantly attenuated stereotypic behaviors, concurrently reducing striatal levels of DA, Glu and ASP concentrations while upregulating DAT expression compared with untreated TS controls (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Comparative analysis identified significant differences in Muribaculaceae (P=0.001), Oscillospiraceae (P=0.049), Desulfovibrionaceae (P=0.001), and Marinifilaceae (P=0.014) following acupuncture intervention. Metabolomic profiling revealed alterations in 7 metabolites and 18 metabolic pathways when compared to the TS mice, which involved various amino acid metabolisms associated with DA, Glu, and ASP. CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture demonstrates significant modulatory effects on both central neurotransmitter systems and gut microbial ecology, thereby highlighting its dual therapeutic potential for TS management through gut-brain axis regulation.
Animals ; Tourette Syndrome/metabolism* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of death globally. HCM can precipitate heart failure (HF) by causing the cardiac tissue to weaken and stretch, thereby impairing its pumping efficiency. Moreover, HCM increases the risk of atrial fibrillation, which in turn elevates the likelihood of thrombus formation and stroke. Given these significant clinical ramifications, research into the etiology and pathogenesis of HCM is intensifying at multiple levels. In this review, we discuss and synthesize the latest findings on HCM pathogenesis, drawing on key experimental studies conducted both in vitro and in vivo. We also offer our insights and perspectives on these mechanisms, while highlighting the limitations of current research. Advancing fundamental research in this area is essential for developing effective therapeutic interventions and enhancing the clinical management of HCM.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Animals

Objective To explore the influencing factors of different types of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO).Methods A total of 539 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology,the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from June 2021 to December 2021 and who underwent methane-hydrogen breath test were retrospectively selected.Based on breath test results,patients were divided into SIBO-negative group(n=300)and SIBO-positive group(n=239).The clinical data were compared between two groups.According to the specific values of breath test results,SIBO-positive patients were further divided into hydrogen-producing bacterial overgrowth(hydrogen-positive,n=103),intestinal methanogen overgrowth(methanogen-positive,n=80),and simultaneous methanogen and hydrogen-producing bacterial overgrowth(double positive,n=56)groups.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify influencing factors of different SIBO types.Additionally,SIBO-positive patients were categorized by age into<45 years(n=23),45-60 years(n=82),60-75 years(n=124),and≥75 years(n=10)to compare SIBO positivity rates across age groups.Results The patients in SIBO-positive and double positive groups were older and had a lower body mass index(BMI)than those in SIBO-negative group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Compared with the patients in SIBO-negative group,those in hydrogen-positive group showed a higher proportion of history of coronary heart disease,those in methanogen-positive group were older,and higher proportion of statin use,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that,among different SIBO types,a history of coronary heart disease served as an independent risk factor for hydrogen-producing bacterial overgrowth(OR=2.728,95%CI 1.271-5.857,P=0.010).For methanogen overgrowth,increasing age was identified as an independent risk factor(OR=1.040,95%CI 1.009-1.063,P=0.010),while the application of statin played the role of an independent protective factor(OR=0.420,95%CI 0.236-0.754,P=0.003).As for the simultaneous overgrowth of methane-producing and hydrogen-producing bacteria,increased BMI was found to be an independent protective factor(OR=0.870,95%CI 0.786-0.964,P=0.008).In SIBO-positive group,it was found that for patients aged<45 years,both the methane-positive rate and the double-positive rate were significantly lower than the hydrogen positivity rate(P<0.05).Moreover,among patients aged 45-60 years,the double-positive rate was significantly lower than the hydrogen positivity rate(P<0.01).When it comes to the hydrogen-positive rate,it was significantly lower for patients aged 45-60 and 60-75 years compared with that of patients aged<45 years(P<0.05).In contrast,the methane-positive rate and the double-positive rate were significantly higher for patients aged 45-60 and 60-75 years than those of patients aged<45 years(P<0.01).Conclusion A history of coronary heart disease and increasing age are independent risk factors for intestinal hydrogen-producing bacterial overgrowth and methanogen overgrowth,respectively.The application of statins and increased BMI are independent protective factors for intestinal methanogen simultaneous overgrowth of methanogen and hydrogen-producing bacteria,respectively.

【Objective】 To investigate the association between genetic variations in the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) gene and BP responses to sodium and potassium intake. 【Methods】 A total of 514 subjects from 124 families were recruited in Meixian County, Shaanxi Province, in 2004, resulting in the establishment of a "salt-sensitive hypertension study cohort" . The subjects followed a dietary regimen which involved a normal diet for 3 days, a low-salt diet for 7 days, a high-salt diet for 7 days, and a high-salt potassium-supplemented diet for 7 days. BP measurement was conducted at different intervention periods, and peripheral blood samples were collected. Additionally, eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GLP-1R gene were genotyped using the MassARRAY detection platform. 【Results】 The GLP-1R gene SNP rs9462472 exhibited a significant association with systolic BP, diastolic BP, and mean arterial pressure response to high-salt intervention. Similarly, SNP rs2268637 showed a significant association with systolic BP response to high-salt intervention. Furthermore, SNP rs2268637 was significantly associated with systolic BP and mean arterial pressure responses to high-salt plus potassium supplementation intervention. 【Conclusion】 Our findings indicate a significant association of genetic variations in the GLP-1R gene with BP responses to sodium and potassium intake. This suggests that the GLP-1R gene plays a role in the regulation of BP salt sensitivity and potassium sensitivity.

Objective To investigate the effects of oral use combined with percutaneous iontophoresis of Osteoking(mainly composed of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Carthami Flos,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Eucommiae Cortex,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Daturae Flos,Astragali Radix,Radixet Caulis Schizophragma Integrifolia,and Trionycis Carapax)on the pain,lumbar function and serological indicators of the patients with lumbar disc herniation(LDH).Methods Ninety-two patients with LDH were randomly divided into control group(31 cases),oral use group(31 cases)and combination group(30 cases).The control group was given oral administration of Celecoxib,the oral use group was given oral administration of Osteoking,and the combination group was given oral administration combined with percutaneous iontophoresis of Osteoking.The course of treatment for the 3 groups covered 6 weeks.The changes of pain visual analogue scale(VAS)score,lumbar function Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA)score,serum tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and matrix metalloproteinase 3(MMP-3)levels in the three groups were observed before and after treatment.Results(1)During the trial,there were 2 patients from both control group and oral use group lost to follow-up,but none of the combination group was lost to follow-up.Eventually,29 patients in the control group,29 patients in the oral group and 30 patients in the combination group were included in the statistical analysis.(2)After treatment,the pain VAS score and lumbar function JOA score in the three groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of pain VAS score and lumbar function JOA score in the combination group was significantly superior to that in the control group and the oral use group(P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between the control group and the oral use group(P＞0.05).(3)After treatment,the serum TNF-α level in the three groups was significantly lower than that before treatment(P＜0.05),while no significant difference of TNF-α level was presented among the three groups after treatment(P＞0.05).(4)After treatment,the serum MMP-3 level in the oral use group and combination group was significantly lower than that before treatment(P＜0.05),but no obvious change of MMP-3 level was shown in the control group(P＞0.05).The intergroup comparison showed that the decrease of serum MMP-3 level in the oral use group and combination group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05),while no significant difference of TNF-αlevel was presented between the oral use group and combination group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Osteoking is effective on relieving the pain symptoms of LDH patients,improving the lumbar activity function,and decreasing the levels of serum TNF-α and MMP-3.The efficacy of Osteoking by oral use combined with percutaneous iontophoresis is stronger than that of Osteoking orally alone or Celecoxib.

Based on the principle of'treating disease and seeking the root cause',Professor FU Wen-Bin proposed'treating radiation encephalopathy(REP)from yang',pointing out that the main pathogenesis of REP is yang qi deficiency,brain spirit dystrophy,phlegm and blood stasis blocking orifices.Using'supplementing yang and unblocking yang simultaneously','treating spirit from heart and gallbladder',combined with the method of regulating spirit and unblocking orifices at acupoints of governor vessol and conception vessel,and using the integrated acupuncture mode of'firstly applying needling,secondly using moxibustion,thirdly focusing on consolidation'to play the role of supporting yang and treating spirit can effectively relieve symptoms and delay the development of the disease.

Objective To analyze the effect of Liujunzi Decoction on serum phosphorylated P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-P38MAPK)in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 112 patients with COPD of lung-spleen qi deficiency type who were treated in Hangzhou Lin'an District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the research objects.According to the treatment method,the patients were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 56 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,and the observation group was treated with Liujunzi Decoction on the basis of treatment for the control group.Seven days constituted a course of treatment,and the two groups were treated for 3 months.The changes of lung function indicators,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),clinical chronic obstructive pulmonary disease questionnaire(CCQ)score,and serum levels of inflammatory factors and p-P38MAPK in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Moreover,the clinical efficacy,incidence of adverse reactions and number of acute episodes within one year were compared between the two groups.Results(1)After 3 months of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 94.64%(53/56),and that of the control group was 73.21%(41/56).The intergroup comparison(tested by chi-square test)showed that the curative effect of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),FEV1/FVC and 6MWD in the two groups were increased(P＜0.05),and the CCQ scores were decreased(P＜0.05)when compared with those before treatment,and the increase of FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC and 6 MWD and the decrease of CCQ scores in the observation group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the levels of serum interleukin 4(IL-4),interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 8(IL-8)and p-P38MAPK in the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 3.57%(2/56)and that in the control group was 7.14%(4/56),and there was no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).(5)The number of acute episodes within one year in the observation group was(0.68±0.12)times,which was significantly less than that in the control group[(1.46±0.37)times],and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion Liujunzi Decoction exerts certain effect in the treatment of COPD patients with lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome.It can effectively inhibit the activation of p-P38MAPK signaling pathway,relieve the symptoms such as expectoration and dyspnea,improve lung function,alleviate inflammatory response,reduce the number of acute episodes,and has high safety.

Objective:To compare and validate the diagnostic performance of the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS ) and the ADNEX model in the diagnosis of malignant ovarian-adnexal lesions.Methods:A total of 275 patients who underwent surgery for ovarian-adnexal lesions at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from December 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected. The clinical, pathological aud ultrasound dates of the patients were collected.Statistical methods, including chi-square tests and ROC curve analysis, were employed to assess the diagnostic performance of O-RADS and the ADNEX model for ovarian-adnexal lesions.Results:Among the 275 patients included in this study, 127 (46.2%) had benign lesions, and 148 (53.8%) had malignant lesions.Based on the O-RADS classification, 46 cases (16.7%) were O-RADS 2, 50 cases (18.2%) were O-RADS 3, 66 cases (24.0%) were O-RADS 4, and 113 cases (41.1%) were O-RADS 5. The malignancy rates for O-RADS 2, O-RADS 3, O-RADS 4, and O-RADS 5 were 0%, 0.08%, 56.06%, and 94.7%, respectively. ROC curve analysis for malignant ovarian-adnexal lesions yielded an area under ROC curve of 0.93(95% CI=0.90-0.96) for O-RADS and 0.94(95% CI=0.91-0.97) for the ADNEX model. Using O-RADS ≥4 and ADNEX model ≥10% as cutoff values, there was no significant difference in sensitivity between the two methods( P=0.740), but O-RADS exhibited higher specificity compared to the ADNEX model (72.4% vs 56.7%, P=0.044). Conclusions:When O-RADS ≥4 and the ADNEX model ≥10% are used as cutoff values, both methods demonstrate excellent diagnostic performance for malignant ovarian-adnexal lesions, with O-RADS exhibiting higher specificity.