Background: Laser procedures are integral to dermatologic practice, yet safety measures- particularly regarding ocular protection and plume control- are poorly studied in real-world settings. Objective: To evaluate current practices in eye protection, infection control, and occupational risk awareness among Korean dermatologists performing laser treatments. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among board-certified dermatologists at the 2024 Korean Society for Dermatologic Laser Surgery meeting. The questionnaire covered demographics, laser frequency, use of goggles and masks, infection control strategies, ophthalmologic monitoring, and history of warts or cancer. Results: Seventy-nine respondents completed the survey. All reported using protective goggles, but only 26.6% and 22.8% did so for CO 2 and erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet lasers, respectively. Only 24.1% underwent regular eye exams, and 13.9% reported eye conditions after starting laser practice. While 89.9% used masks, 40.8% used dental masks, which are inadequate for plume protection. Suction devices were used by 94.9%, though performance specifications were unclear. Warts were reported by 46.8% of respondents; two reported cancer diagnoses after initiating laser work. Conclusion Despite high overall adherence to basic safety practices, critical gaps remain. Our findings highlight the need for standardized guidelines and long-term occupational health monitoring to ensure safe laser practice.

Background: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by erythema, papules, ocular symptoms, and heightened sensitivity. Patients with neurogenic symptoms such as burning or stinging remain particularly difficult to manage. Current guidelines often underrepresent energy-based devices (EBDs), pigmentary sequelae, psychosocial burden, and ocular comorbidities. Objective: To examine Korean dermatologists’ expert perspectives on rosacea management, focusing on skin sensitivity, neurogenic symptoms, pigmentary changes, psychosocial impact, ocular involvement, and EBD use. Methods: A web-based, 29-item survey was administered to 25 board-certified Korean dermatologists (May–June 2025). Quantitative and qualitative responses were analyzed. Results: Erythematotelangiectatic and papulopustular phenotypes with sensitivity skin predominated. EBDs (pulsed dye laser, intense pulsed light) were frequently used but limited by cost and sensitivity issues. Neurogenic symptoms were recognized but rarely treated with neuromodulators. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation was infrequent, yet monitoring was inconsistent.Psychosocial and ocular aspects were acknowledged but seldomly systematically addressed.Respondents expressed interest in emerging adjunctive treatments such as cold plasma, skin boosters, and holistic care approaches. Conclusion Korean dermatologists adopt individualized strategies for rosacea, yet practice gaps remain regarding neurogenic symptoms, pigmentary complications, and psychosocial and ocular comorbidities. Findings support the need for updated multidisciplinary, phenotype-driven guidelines aligned with real-world practice.

Background: Skin rejuvenation has become an increasingly popular noninvasive approach to address age-related changes such as sagging, wrinkles, and skin laxity. Energy-based devices (EBDs) and injectables are widely used, but their application requires careful customization based on individual patient characteristics to optimize outcomes and minimize potential adverse effects. Objective: This study aimed to explore clinical practice patterns among board-certified dermatologists in South Korea, focusing on their strategies for tailoring skin rejuvenation treatments to individual patients, including the integration of EBDs, injectables, and senotherapeutics. Methods: A structured survey comprising 10 questions was administered to 13 experienced dermatologists specializing in skin rejuvenation. The survey covered treatment strategies for patients with varying facial fat volumes, pain management approaches, and the use of EBDs, injectables and senotherapeutics. Results: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and radiofrequency (RF) were the most employed EBDs, often combined with injectables for enhanced outcomes. For patients with higher facial fat, HIFU and deoxycholic acid injections were preferred for contouring and tightening. For those with lower facial fat, biostimulatory agents such as poly-D, L-lactic acid and microneedle RF were favored to restore volume and elasticity. Pain management strategies included topical anesthetics and stepwise protocols. Although less commonly used, senotherapeutics were occasionally prescribed for specific conditions, such as melasma and extensive photoaging. Conclusion Dermatologists in South Korea employ a variety of patient-specific strategies for skin rejuvenation, combining various EBDs, injectables, and senotherapeutics. These findings highlight the importance of personalized treatment protocols and the need for further research to optimize treatment efficacy and safety.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine ( TMP ) on cerebral ischemia/reper¬fusion ( I/R) injury in diabetes mellitus ( DM ) rats based on full-length transcriptome sequencing tech¬nique and the underlying mechanism. Methods The rat model of DM was induced by intraperitoneal injec- tion of streptozotocin (STZ,50 mg • kg" ) . The global cerebral I/R model of rats was established by double vessel occlusion (2-VO) for 10 min and reperfusion for 16 h. TMP (40 mg • kg ) was injected intraperitone-ally every day. Brain water content detection, HE stai¬ning, Nissl staining and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of TMP on cerebral I/R injury in DM rats. The differentially expressed genes were screened by full-length transcriptome se¬quencing. The possible candidate genes and metabolic pathways of TMP for cerebral ischemia protection in DM rats were screened by functional annotation and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis, and verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results TMP treatment could reduce the degree of brain edema, increase the number of Nissl bodies and neurons, and significantly reduce cell necrosis and apoptosis after cerebral I/R in DM rats. GO enrichment analysis showed that the dif¬ferentially expressed genes after TMP treatment were mainly enriched in biological functions such as inflam¬matory response, transcription factor complex, growth factor activity and so on. KEGG pathway analysis showed that it was mainly concentrated in apoptosis, Toll-like receptor and other signaling pathways. Among them TMP down-regulated genes included TLR2, MyD88, IL-lp, Caspase-3, etc. The results of RT-qPCR and Western blot confirmed that TMP could down-regulate TLR2, MyD88, NF-KB, IL-10, IL-6 and Caspase-3 , and up-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2. Conclusions TMP may amelio¬rate neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting inflammatory re¬sponse, which improves cerebral I/R injury in DM rats, and the pathway may be TLR2/MyD88/NF-KB signaling pathway.

Objective To explore how dihydrotestosterone (DHT) affects the expression of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in primary rat follicular granulosa cells, and then provides a new experimental basis for the role of DHT and AMH in follicular development. Methods Granulosa cells was extracted from the ovaries of 95 21 days SD female rats for primary culture. Firstly, cell morphology were detected by HE staining and follicke stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) immunofluorescence detected cell purity after 48 hours of cell culture. Then, cells were randomly divided into control group (without drug intervention), 10

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic consumption by adult patients at a single university hospital in Korea between 2001 and 2012. METHODS: We used the 2004 World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System definition of defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 patient-days to calculate the annual antibiotic consumption for 18 antibiotic groups. Chi-square linear-by-linear analysis was performed to evaluate antibiotic consumption trends for each group. RESULTS: Average annual antibiotic consumption during 2001-2012 was 644.6 DDD/1,000 patient-days (standard deviation, 33.3 DDD/1,000 patient-days). Although no statistically significant change was observed during the study period, consumption of first- and second-generation cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides was significantly decreased, while that of beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors, fourth-generation cephalosporins, carbapenem, glycopeptide, linezolid, colistin, and quinolone increased significantly. CONCLUSION: The total amount of prescribed antibiotics did not change, but the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics increased during the study period.
Adult ; Aminoglycosides ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cephalosporins ; Classification ; Colistin ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea ; World Health Organization ; Linezolid

BACKGROUNDOur previous studies suggested that low-dose gossypol combined with steroid hormones has a reversible antifertility role in adult male rats, and the course of treatment was shorter than that of either gossypol or steroid hormones alone. This result suggested that low-dose gossypol and steroid hormones have a drug synergistic effect on antifertility. The aim of the study was to find the target organs of the antifertility synergistic effect of the combined regimen.

METHODSThirty-two adult male rats were divided into four groups randomly: group GH, rats were fed orally with gossypol acetic acid (GA, 12.5 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)) and desogestrel (DSG, 0.125 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1))/ethinylestradiol (EE, 0.025 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1))/testosterone undecanoate (TU, 100 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)); group G, a single dose of GA (12.5 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)) was given; group H, the same dosage of DSG/EE/TU as in group GH were administered; group C, rats were treated with vehicle (1% methyl cellulose) as control. Testes and epididymis were removed at 8 weeks post-treatment for evaluating their weight, volumes, volume fraction, and total volume of testicular tissue structures and the seminiferous tubule diameter using stereological assay. Sperm cell numbers and the motility of epididymal sperm were quantitated by flow cytometry and morphological methods.

RESULTSCompared with group C, spermatogenesis was normal in group G and suppressed in groups H and GH. Similar changes of testicular tissue structures and sperm number were found in groups H and GH. The decreases of epididymal sperm number and motility in group GH were greater than that of the low-dose gossypol or steroid hormones alone group.

CONCLUSIONSThe suppression of spermatogenesis was induced by steroid hormones in the combined regimen, and the epididymis was the target organ of low-dose gossypol. Combined use of low-dose gossypol and steroid hormones played a comprehensive antifertility role in their synergistic effect on reducing the number and motility of epididymal sperm.

Animals ; Desogestrel ; pharmacology ; Epididymis ; drug effects ; Ethinyl Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Gossypol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Spermatogenesis ; drug effects ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testis ; drug effects ; Testosterone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology