Objective To analyze the research hotspots and trends of invasive fungal infections(IFIs)in China over the past 24 years,and provide references and suggestions for future research.Methods Literatures on IFIs re-search in China from 2000 to 2024 were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS).CiteSpace software was employed to conduct collaboration network analysis on authors' institu-tions,and co-occurrence,clustering,and burst analyses were conducted on key words.Results A total of 2 479 li-teratures retrieved from CNKI and 1 149 from WOS were included in the analysis,involving 295 research institu-tions,with no core research team identified having a intermediary centrality＞0.1.Institutions with intermediary centrality＞0.1 included Chinese Academy of Sciences,Peking University,Fudan University,Sun Yat-sen Univer-sity and Zhejiang University.Key words with high centrality included"diagnosis""risk factor""voriconazole"and"Candida albicans".Clustering analysis grouped the co-occurrence network of key words into 6 clusters,mainly covering fungal diagnosis,treatment,and susceptible factors.Since 2020,focuses on the safety of antifungal treat-ment agents and primary prevention have emerged,with hot topics including pharmacokinetics,children,clinical features,and risk factors.Conclusion Currently,research teams are dispersed with insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration.Research topics are relatively simple.It is necessary to strengthen research on fungal resistance and healthcare-associated infection prevention and control.Risk factors and prevention measures for IFIs may be the fo-cus of future research.

Objective:To evaluate the functional outcomes and postoperative complications associated with modified Toupet-like (mToupet-like) anastomosis following proximal gastrectomy for patients with gastric tumors.Methods:After proximal gastrectomy, barbed sutures (2-3 stitches) in the seromuscular layer were used to secure the anterior wall of the stomach at a distance of 1-2 cm from the closure line and the posterior wall of the esophagus at a distance of 5.0 cm from the closure line. The remnant stomach was then positioned posterior to the esophagus on the greater curvature side. Esophagogastric anterior wall anastomosis (manual or circular stapling) was performed at the greater curvature of the remnant stomach, 3 cm distal to the gastroesophageal fixation point. A Toupet-like folding procedure was conducted by folding the reconstructed gastric fundus and wall anteriorly from behind the esophagus and embedding the esophagus within a 270° wrap at the site of stomach-esophagus fixation.Results:Twelve patients with gastric tumors underwent proximal partial gastrectomy with mToupet-like anastomosis in the Department of Gastric Surgery at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January to March 2024. Among them, 10 diagnosed as upper gastric adenocarcinoma, and 2 diagnosed as gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The cohort included nine male patients and three female patients, aged 46 to 77 years old, with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 19.7 to 27.3 kg/m2. The maximum tumor diameter was less than 4 cm, and the predicted residual gastric volume exceeded one-half. Laparoscopic surgery was performed in 11 patients, while only 1 patient underwent open surgery. The mean duration of mToupet-like anastomosis was 48.3±8.7 minutes with an estimated intraoperative blood loss was 53.0±11.2 ml. All the 12 patients successfully achieved R0 resection. Among these patietns, the median postoperative hospital stay was 8.5 (7.0, 11.0) days, and the average hospitalization cost was 5.0±0.2 ten thousand yuan. No Clavien-Dindo grade II or higher complications were observed during the perioperative period. Patients were followed up for 6 to 8 months after operation, and no cases of reflux esophagitis were detected by gastroscopy, and no patient required long-term oral proton pump inhibitors.Conclusions:mToupet-like anastomosis for digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy is a safe and feasible technique, demonstrating favorable preliminary efficacy.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.08.005.].

The influenza A virus (IAV), renowned for its high contagiousness and potential to catalyze global pandemics, poses significant challenges due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Given the critical role of RNA polymerase in IAV replication, it stands out as a promising target for anti-IAV therapies. In this study, we identified a novel C-3-substituted oleanolic acid benzyl amide derivative, A5, as a potent inhibitor of the PA_C-PB1_N polymerase subunit interaction, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.96 ± 0.21 μmol/L. A5 specifically targets the highly conserved PA_C domain and demonstrates remarkable efficacy against both laboratory-adapted and clinically isolated IAV strains, including multidrug-resistant strains, with EC₅₀ values ranging from 0.60 to 1.83 μmol/L. Notably, when combined with oseltamivir, A5 exhibits synergistic effects both in vitro and in vivo. In a murine model, dose-dependent administration of A5 leads to a significant reduction in IAV titers, resulting in a high survival rate among treated mice. Additionally, A5 treatment inhibits virus-induced Toll-like receptor 4 activation, attenuates cytokine responses, and protects against IAV-induced inflammatory responses in macrophages. In summary, A5 emerges as a novel inhibitor with high efficiency and broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity.

Objective:To analyze the detection of obesity with reduced muscle mass under different evaluation criteria and its association with metabolic abnormalities.Methods:This cross-sectional study consecutively enrolled 3 740 participants who underwent health examinations at the Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January to December in 2023. Body composition parameters, including body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), visceral fat area (VFA), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were obtained via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using a standardized body composition analyzer. The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was calculated from these measurements. The blood lipids, blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum uric acid were also assessed. The consistency in detecting obesity with reduced muscle mass under different evaluation criteria was analyzed using the kappa test, and the association between obesity with reduced muscle mass and metabolic abnormalities was examined via the chi-square test.Results:Among the 3 740 participants included in the analysis, 2 105 were male and 1 635 were female. The detection rates of obesity with reduced muscle mass ranged from 0-3.8% in males and 0-12.7% in females. When using BMI+SMI as the evaluation criterion, only one case (0.1%) was identified with obesity and reduced muscle mass. For other criteria-BFP+SMI, VFA+SMI, WC+SMI, WHR+SMI, and WHtR+SMI-the detection rates in males was 3.8%, 2.0%, 1.0%, 3.5%, and 3.0%, respectively, while in females, it was 12.7%, 6.5%, 0.2%, 10.1%, and 3.9%, respectively. Notably, the BFP+SMI, VFA+SMI, and WHtR+SMI criteria demonstrated moderate to good inter-rater agreement ( kappa>0.4), particularly in males ( kappa>0.6) (all P<0.05). In females, the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in the obesity with reduced muscle mass-positive group compared to the negative group when using BFP+SMI, VFA+SMI, WHR+SMI, and WHtR+SMI criteria (20.3% vs 10.9%, 26.4% vs 11.1%, 20.0% vs 11.2%, and 25.4% vs 11.6%)(all P<0.05). When BFP+SMI and VFA+SMI were used as evaluation criteria, the detection rate of glucose metabolism disorders were higher in individuals who are positive for obesity combined with reduced muscle mass than in those who were negative (43.9% vs 36.4%, 48.6% vs 36.6%) (both P<0.05). In males, the WHtR+SMI criterion identified a significantly elevated prevalence of abnormal serum uric acid levels in the obesity with reduced muscle mass-positive group compared to the negative group (42.9% vs 30.2%) ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared to alternative adiposity metrics, the evaluation criteria incorporating BFP, VFA and WHtR demonstrate significantly stronger associations between obesity with reduced muscle mass and metabolic abnormalities.

Objective To analyze the research hotspots and trends of invasive fungal infections(IFIs)in China over the past 24 years,and provide references and suggestions for future research.Methods Literatures on IFIs re-search in China from 2000 to 2024 were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS).CiteSpace software was employed to conduct collaboration network analysis on authors' institu-tions,and co-occurrence,clustering,and burst analyses were conducted on key words.Results A total of 2 479 li-teratures retrieved from CNKI and 1 149 from WOS were included in the analysis,involving 295 research institu-tions,with no core research team identified having a intermediary centrality＞0.1.Institutions with intermediary centrality＞0.1 included Chinese Academy of Sciences,Peking University,Fudan University,Sun Yat-sen Univer-sity and Zhejiang University.Key words with high centrality included"diagnosis""risk factor""voriconazole"and"Candida albicans".Clustering analysis grouped the co-occurrence network of key words into 6 clusters,mainly covering fungal diagnosis,treatment,and susceptible factors.Since 2020,focuses on the safety of antifungal treat-ment agents and primary prevention have emerged,with hot topics including pharmacokinetics,children,clinical features,and risk factors.Conclusion Currently,research teams are dispersed with insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration.Research topics are relatively simple.It is necessary to strengthen research on fungal resistance and healthcare-associated infection prevention and control.Risk factors and prevention measures for IFIs may be the fo-cus of future research.

Objective:To evaluate the functional outcomes and postoperative complications associated with modified Toupet-like (mToupet-like) anastomosis following proximal gastrectomy for patients with gastric tumors.Methods:After proximal gastrectomy, barbed sutures (2-3 stitches) in the seromuscular layer were used to secure the anterior wall of the stomach at a distance of 1-2 cm from the closure line and the posterior wall of the esophagus at a distance of 5.0 cm from the closure line. The remnant stomach was then positioned posterior to the esophagus on the greater curvature side. Esophagogastric anterior wall anastomosis (manual or circular stapling) was performed at the greater curvature of the remnant stomach, 3 cm distal to the gastroesophageal fixation point. A Toupet-like folding procedure was conducted by folding the reconstructed gastric fundus and wall anteriorly from behind the esophagus and embedding the esophagus within a 270° wrap at the site of stomach-esophagus fixation.Results:Twelve patients with gastric tumors underwent proximal partial gastrectomy with mToupet-like anastomosis in the Department of Gastric Surgery at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from January to March 2024. Among them, 10 diagnosed as upper gastric adenocarcinoma, and 2 diagnosed as gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The cohort included nine male patients and three female patients, aged 46 to 77 years old, with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 19.7 to 27.3 kg/m2. The maximum tumor diameter was less than 4 cm, and the predicted residual gastric volume exceeded one-half. Laparoscopic surgery was performed in 11 patients, while only 1 patient underwent open surgery. The mean duration of mToupet-like anastomosis was 48.3±8.7 minutes with an estimated intraoperative blood loss was 53.0±11.2 ml. All the 12 patients successfully achieved R0 resection. Among these patietns, the median postoperative hospital stay was 8.5 (7.0, 11.0) days, and the average hospitalization cost was 5.0±0.2 ten thousand yuan. No Clavien-Dindo grade II or higher complications were observed during the perioperative period. Patients were followed up for 6 to 8 months after operation, and no cases of reflux esophagitis were detected by gastroscopy, and no patient required long-term oral proton pump inhibitors.Conclusions:mToupet-like anastomosis for digestive tract reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy is a safe and feasible technique, demonstrating favorable preliminary efficacy.

Objective:To analyze the detection of obesity with reduced muscle mass under different evaluation criteria and its association with metabolic abnormalities.Methods:This cross-sectional study consecutively enrolled 3 740 participants who underwent health examinations at the Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January to December in 2023. Body composition parameters, including body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), visceral fat area (VFA), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were obtained via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using a standardized body composition analyzer. The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was calculated from these measurements. The blood lipids, blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum uric acid were also assessed. The consistency in detecting obesity with reduced muscle mass under different evaluation criteria was analyzed using the kappa test, and the association between obesity with reduced muscle mass and metabolic abnormalities was examined via the chi-square test.Results:Among the 3 740 participants included in the analysis, 2 105 were male and 1 635 were female. The detection rates of obesity with reduced muscle mass ranged from 0-3.8% in males and 0-12.7% in females. When using BMI+SMI as the evaluation criterion, only one case (0.1%) was identified with obesity and reduced muscle mass. For other criteria-BFP+SMI, VFA+SMI, WC+SMI, WHR+SMI, and WHtR+SMI-the detection rates in males was 3.8%, 2.0%, 1.0%, 3.5%, and 3.0%, respectively, while in females, it was 12.7%, 6.5%, 0.2%, 10.1%, and 3.9%, respectively. Notably, the BFP+SMI, VFA+SMI, and WHtR+SMI criteria demonstrated moderate to good inter-rater agreement ( kappa>0.4), particularly in males ( kappa>0.6) (all P<0.05). In females, the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in the obesity with reduced muscle mass-positive group compared to the negative group when using BFP+SMI, VFA+SMI, WHR+SMI, and WHtR+SMI criteria (20.3% vs 10.9%, 26.4% vs 11.1%, 20.0% vs 11.2%, and 25.4% vs 11.6%)(all P<0.05). When BFP+SMI and VFA+SMI were used as evaluation criteria, the detection rate of glucose metabolism disorders were higher in individuals who are positive for obesity combined with reduced muscle mass than in those who were negative (43.9% vs 36.4%, 48.6% vs 36.6%) (both P<0.05). In males, the WHtR+SMI criterion identified a significantly elevated prevalence of abnormal serum uric acid levels in the obesity with reduced muscle mass-positive group compared to the negative group (42.9% vs 30.2%) ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared to alternative adiposity metrics, the evaluation criteria incorporating BFP, VFA and WHtR demonstrate significantly stronger associations between obesity with reduced muscle mass and metabolic abnormalities.

This study was to investigate the relationship between spring pollen distribution concentration, species and the detection results of air-borne pollen allergens in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province during March to May 2022 and March to May 2023.A retrospective study was conducted in the Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University.Pollen particles will be monitored by gravity sedimentation method on the roof of the outpatient department of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in downtown Taiyuan from March to May 2022-2023, and pollen species and quantity will be observed and recorded under an optical microscope.The air-borne pollen allergen detection results of all allergic rhinitis patients in the otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery Department of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were extracted from the relevant outpatient system. SPSS software and Pearson correlation analysis were used to compare the correlation between the allergens and the dominant air-borne pollen monitoring results. Results are as follows: (1)A total of 18 species of spring pollen in Taiyuan City were monitored in 2022-2023, with 101 177.5 grains, and the dominant airborne pollen was poplar (16.69%) and pine (29.06%) pollen. The pollen of poplar (11.96%), elm (7.89%) and cypress (8.68%) were dominant in early spring; Pine (25.16%) pollen predominated in late spring. The two peaks of pollen dispersal in Taiyuan were in late March (15 479 grains) and early and mid May (15 094/15 343 grains).(2) The positive rates of allergens in serum specific IgE detection were: wormwood (46%, 248/541 cases), tree combination (26%, 143/541 cases), ragweed (19%, 101/541 cases), humulus scandens (9%, 49/541 cases).(3)There was a linear positive correlation between the positive rate of air-borne pollen allergens in allergic rhinitis patients in the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University and the dominant air-borne pollen concentration in the same period ( P<0.05, r=0.999). In conclusion, two spring pollen dispersal peaks were formed in late March and early to mid May in Taiyuan City, and the dominant air-borne pollens were poplar and pine pollens. The positive rate of air borne pollen allergen sIgE showed that wormwood allergy was the highest.There was a positive correlation between the concentration of air-borne pollen and the positive rate of air-borne pollen allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in the Department of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery in Taiyuan in 2022 and 2023.The monitoring of pollen distribution in spring can provide an important scientific basis for clinical workers to formulate prevention and treatment plans for patients with allergic rhinitis in the season, and provide data reference for the epidemiological investigation of allergic diseases in Taiyuan in the future.