Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form. Data were collected on 86 items, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes. The results of the 2023 survey were compared with those of previous surveys. Results: Data from 12,751 cases were collected from 66 institutions. The mean patient age was 64.6 years, and the proportion of patients aged ≥71 years increased from 9.1% in 1995 to 31.7% in 2023. The proportion of upper-third tumors slightly decreased to 16.8% compared to 20.9% in 2019. Early gastric cancer accounted for 63.1% of cases in 2023.Regarding operative procedures, a totally laparoscopic approach was most frequently applied (63.2%) in 2023, while robotic gastrectomy steadily increased to 9.5% from 2.1% in 2014.The most common anastomotic method was the Billroth II procedure (48.8%) after distal gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction (51.9%) after proximal gastrectomy in 2023.However, the proportion of esophago-gastrostomy with anti-reflux procedures increased to 30.9%. The rates of post-operative mortality and overall complications were 1.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Conclusions The results of the 2023 nationwide survey demonstrate the current status of gastric cancer treatment in Korea. This information will provide a basis for future gastric cancer research.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form. Data were collected on 86 items, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes. The results of the 2023 survey were compared with those of previous surveys. Results: Data from 12,751 cases were collected from 66 institutions. The mean patient age was 64.6 years, and the proportion of patients aged ≥71 years increased from 9.1% in 1995 to 31.7% in 2023. The proportion of upper-third tumors slightly decreased to 16.8% compared to 20.9% in 2019. Early gastric cancer accounted for 63.1% of cases in 2023.Regarding operative procedures, a totally laparoscopic approach was most frequently applied (63.2%) in 2023, while robotic gastrectomy steadily increased to 9.5% from 2.1% in 2014.The most common anastomotic method was the Billroth II procedure (48.8%) after distal gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction (51.9%) after proximal gastrectomy in 2023.However, the proportion of esophago-gastrostomy with anti-reflux procedures increased to 30.9%. The rates of post-operative mortality and overall complications were 1.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Conclusions The results of the 2023 nationwide survey demonstrate the current status of gastric cancer treatment in Korea. This information will provide a basis for future gastric cancer research.

Purpose: Since 1995, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has been periodically conducting nationwide surveys on patients with surgically treated gastric cancer. This study details the results of the survey conducted in 2023. Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted from March to December 2024 using a standardized case report form. Data were collected on 86 items, including patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical procedures, and surgical outcomes. The results of the 2023 survey were compared with those of previous surveys. Results: Data from 12,751 cases were collected from 66 institutions. The mean patient age was 64.6 years, and the proportion of patients aged ≥71 years increased from 9.1% in 1995 to 31.7% in 2023. The proportion of upper-third tumors slightly decreased to 16.8% compared to 20.9% in 2019. Early gastric cancer accounted for 63.1% of cases in 2023.Regarding operative procedures, a totally laparoscopic approach was most frequently applied (63.2%) in 2023, while robotic gastrectomy steadily increased to 9.5% from 2.1% in 2014.The most common anastomotic method was the Billroth II procedure (48.8%) after distal gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction (51.9%) after proximal gastrectomy in 2023.However, the proportion of esophago-gastrostomy with anti-reflux procedures increased to 30.9%. The rates of post-operative mortality and overall complications were 1.0% and 15.3%, respectively. Conclusions The results of the 2023 nationwide survey demonstrate the current status of gastric cancer treatment in Korea. This information will provide a basis for future gastric cancer research.

Background and Objectives: Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD) is a disease in which symptoms such as voice break, strained voice, and voice tremor occur during vocalization due to abnormal spasms of the adductor muscles of the vocal cords. In this study, we aimed to confirm the clinical effectiveness of recently developed Korean items for the differential diagnosis of ADSD and muscle tension dysphonia (MTD).Materials and Method Twenty patients who were diagnosed with ADSD and improved with treatment were set as the ADSD group, 7 patients diagnosed with MTD and received voice therapy as the MTD group, and 7 normal patients without voice disorders were set as the control group, and the medical records and voice test results were compared and analyzed. Recently developed Korean questions were read by the patient, and the degree of voice tremor, strained voice was evaluated. In addition, the recorded voice was analyzed with a spectrogram. Results: A statistically significant difference between the two patient groups was confirmed in the auditory perceptual evaluation of voiced sentences and phrases, tense voiceless sentences and phrases of Korean items. Spectrogram analysis revealed that voice breaks were more frequent in the ADSD group during voiced sentences, and wide-spaced vertical striations were more prominent in the ADSD group during voiced sentences, phrases, and tense voiceless phrases. Conclusion It was confirmed that Korean items for the differential diagnosis of ADSD are useful in identifying speech task specificities in ADSD patients through spectrogram analysis as well as auditory perceptual evaluation.

Background and Objectives: Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD) is a disease in which symptoms such as voice break, strained voice, and voice tremor occur during vocalization due to abnormal spasms of the adductor muscles of the vocal cords. In this study, we aimed to confirm the clinical effectiveness of recently developed Korean items for the differential diagnosis of ADSD and muscle tension dysphonia (MTD).Materials and Method Twenty patients who were diagnosed with ADSD and improved with treatment were set as the ADSD group, 7 patients diagnosed with MTD and received voice therapy as the MTD group, and 7 normal patients without voice disorders were set as the control group, and the medical records and voice test results were compared and analyzed. Recently developed Korean questions were read by the patient, and the degree of voice tremor, strained voice was evaluated. In addition, the recorded voice was analyzed with a spectrogram. Results: A statistically significant difference between the two patient groups was confirmed in the auditory perceptual evaluation of voiced sentences and phrases, tense voiceless sentences and phrases of Korean items. Spectrogram analysis revealed that voice breaks were more frequent in the ADSD group during voiced sentences, and wide-spaced vertical striations were more prominent in the ADSD group during voiced sentences, phrases, and tense voiceless phrases. Conclusion It was confirmed that Korean items for the differential diagnosis of ADSD are useful in identifying speech task specificities in ADSD patients through spectrogram analysis as well as auditory perceptual evaluation.

Background and Objectives: Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD) is a disease in which symptoms such as voice break, strained voice, and voice tremor occur during vocalization due to abnormal spasms of the adductor muscles of the vocal cords. In this study, we aimed to confirm the clinical effectiveness of recently developed Korean items for the differential diagnosis of ADSD and muscle tension dysphonia (MTD).Materials and Method Twenty patients who were diagnosed with ADSD and improved with treatment were set as the ADSD group, 7 patients diagnosed with MTD and received voice therapy as the MTD group, and 7 normal patients without voice disorders were set as the control group, and the medical records and voice test results were compared and analyzed. Recently developed Korean questions were read by the patient, and the degree of voice tremor, strained voice was evaluated. In addition, the recorded voice was analyzed with a spectrogram. Results: A statistically significant difference between the two patient groups was confirmed in the auditory perceptual evaluation of voiced sentences and phrases, tense voiceless sentences and phrases of Korean items. Spectrogram analysis revealed that voice breaks were more frequent in the ADSD group during voiced sentences, and wide-spaced vertical striations were more prominent in the ADSD group during voiced sentences, phrases, and tense voiceless phrases. Conclusion It was confirmed that Korean items for the differential diagnosis of ADSD are useful in identifying speech task specificities in ADSD patients through spectrogram analysis as well as auditory perceptual evaluation.

Objectives: Sepsis is a leading global cause of mortality, and predicting its outcomes is vital for improving patient care. This study explored the capabilities of ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art natural language processing model, in predicting in-hospital mortality for sepsis patients. Methods: This study utilized data from the Korean Sepsis Alliance (KSA) database, collected between 2019 and 2021, focusing on adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients and aiming to determine whether ChatGPT could predict all-cause mortality after ICU admission at 7 and 30 days. Structured prompts enabled ChatGPT to engage in in-context learning, with the number of patient examples varying from zero to six. The predictive capabilities of ChatGPT-3.5-turbo and ChatGPT-4 were then compared against a gradient boosting model (GBM) using various performance metrics. Results: From the KSA database, 4,786 patients formed the 7-day mortality prediction dataset, of whom 718 died, and 4,025 patients formed the 30-day dataset, with 1,368 deaths. Age and clinical markers (e.g., Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and lactic acid levels) showed significant differences between survivors and non-survivors in both datasets. For 7-day mortality predictions, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.70–0.83 for GPT-4, 0.51–0.70 for GPT-3.5, and 0.79 for GBM. The AUROC for 30-day mortality was 0.51–0.59 for GPT-4, 0.47–0.57 for GPT-3.5, and 0.76 for GBM. Zero-shot predictions using GPT-4 for mortality from ICU admission to day 30 showed AUROCs from the mid-0.60s to 0.75 for GPT-4 and mainly from 0.47 to 0.63 for GPT-3.5. Conclusions GPT-4 demonstrated potential in predicting short-term in-hospital mortality, although its performance varied across different evaluation metrics.