Objective To evaluate the environmental radioactive safety level in China, monitor the radioactivity of strontium-90 (⁹⁰Sr) in seafood from selected marine regions of China, and optimize the di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) extraction chromatography method for determining Sr-90 in seafood. Methods In 2023, seafoods of fish, shrimp, shellfish, and seaweed were collected from the Shandong Province (Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea) and Hainan Province (South China Sea). The levels of Sr in the samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). The ⁹⁰Sr separation were performed using HDEHP extraction chromatography, while the recovery of ⁹⁰Sr were determined by the gravitmetry with the assistant of ICP-AES. Results The content of strontium in seafoods varies greatly, and excessive strontium and calcium in seafood may lead to overestimated recovery due to insufficient leaching during chromatographic separation by HDEHP extraction. Therefore, the yttrium content in the eluent should be analyzed by ICP . The radioactivity of ⁹⁰Sr in seafood from the sea areas in Shandong Province was 0.22-1.85 Bq/kg (dry weight), and that of seafood from Hainan Province was 0.19-1.82 Bq/kg (dry weight). Conclusion For the analysis of shirmp and seaweed samples, the recovery rate of ⁹⁰Sr should be analyzed using both gravimetry and ICP-AES. There is no significant linear correlation between total Sr and ⁹⁰Sr in seafood. There is no significant difference in ⁹⁰Sr radioactivity between the seafood samples collected from Shandong and Hainan. The ⁹⁰Sr radioactivity levels of all 28 samples are below the limit specified in the Limited concentrations of radioactive materials in foods (GB 14882—1994) and are within the range of environmental background fluctuations.

Objective To organize a nationwide interlaboratory comparison for measurement of gross α and gross β radioactivity in water, and improve the laboratory analysis of gross α and gross β radioactivity in water. Methods A unified comparison protocol was developed by the organizers. The groundwater with high natural radioactivity was used as water sample and distributed randomly to the participating laboratories. The participating laboratories used routine analytical methods to measure the samples and provided information such as analytical results, original records, and test reports. The results were evaluated using z-score. Results A total of 76 laboratories participated in the comparison, all employing the evaporation concentration-α/β counting method. Among them, 69 laboratories achieved |z| ≤ 2 for both gross α and gross β radioactivity measurements, and 32 laboratories achieved |z| ≤ 0.50 for both gross α and gross β radioactivity measurements. There were 69 laboratories with qualified results and 30 laboratories with excellent results, yielding a qualified rate of 90.8% and an excellent rate of 39.5%. Seven laboratories showed unqualified results and the unqualified rate was 9.2%. Conclusion Most laboratories have the ability to analyze gross α and gross β radioactivity in water. The main reasons for the deviation in comparison results are calibration efficiency, errors in the total residue mass caused by improper water sample processing operations. By analyzing the main technical problems existed in unqualified laboratories, their ability for measurement of gross α and gross β radioactivity in water has been improved.

The interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host, as well as the regulation of some signaling pathways in the host, were involved in pathogen latency in macrophages. microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the gene expression and biological functions, indicating that miRNAs played a regulatory role in bacterial infections. However, whether the host's miRNAs were also involved in the process of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection had not been thoroughly studied. This study infected macrophages with pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv and low virulence strain H37Ra to explore the functional miRNAs. By identifying the expression profile of miRNAs in host cells after infection, the expression of 17 miRNAs significantly changed (P < 0.05) in the human macrophage THP-1 infected with highly pathogenic H37Rv strain (Rv), H37Rv inactivated strain (Rv-), and non-pathogenic H37Ra (Ra) strains respectively, indicating that host miRNAs may be involved in the interaction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host. Meanwhile, 10 types of miRNAs showed significant differences in cells infected with pathogenic and non-pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis, suggesting that host miRNAs may play an important role in the pathogenicity and intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Further study had found that miR-449a, miR-502-5p, and miR-708 were downregulated in cells infected with Mycobacterium marinum. Overexpression of these three miRNAs displayed the significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Mycobacterium marinum, indicating that miRNAs played a pivotal role in the interaction between the host and Mycobacterium marinum. This study provided the new insights into the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the treatment of tuberculosis.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the methylation characteristics of the lymphocyte-specific protein-tyrosine kinase (LCK) promoter region in the peripheral blood circulation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and its correlation with clinical indicators.Methods:Targeted methylation sequencing was used to compare the methylation levels of 7 CpG sites in the LCK promoter region in the peripheral blood of RA patients with healthy controls (HC) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Correlation analysis and ROC curve construction were performed with clinical information.Results:Non-parametric tests revealed that compared with HC [0.53(0.50, 0.57)] and OA patients [0.59(0.54, 0.62), H=47.17, P<0.001], RA patients [0.63(0.59, 0.68)] exhibited an overall increase in methylation levels. Simultaneously, when compared with the HC group [0.38(0.35, 0.41), 0.59(0.55, 0.63), 0.60(0.55, 0.64), 0.59(0.55, 0.63), 0.58(0.53, 0.62), 0.45(0.43, 0.49), 0.57(0.54, 0.61)], the RA group [0.46(0.42, 0.49), 0.70(0.65, 0.75), 0.70(0.66, 0.76), 0.70(0.65, 0.75), 0.69(0.64, 0.74), 0.55(0.51, 0.59), 0.68(0.63, 0.73)] showed a significant elevation in methylation levels at CpG sites cg05350315_60, cg05350315_80, cg05350315_95, cg05350315_101, cg05350315_104, cg05350315_128, and cg05350315_142, with statistically significant differences ( Z=-5.63, -5.89, -5.91, -5.89, -5.98, -5.95, -5.95, all P<0.001). Compared with the OA group [0.65(0.59, 0.69), 0.65(0.60, 0.69), 0.64(0.58, 0.68), 0.50(0.45, 0.54), 0.63(0.58, 0.67)], the RA group [0.70(0.66, 0.76), 0.70(0.65, 0.75), 0.69(0.64, 0.74), 0.55(0.51, 0.59), 0.68(0.63, 0.73)] exhibited a significant increase in methylation levels at CpG sites cg05350315_95, cg05350315_101, cg05350315_104, cg05350315_128, and cg05350315_142, with statistically significant differences ( Z=-3.56, -3.52, -3.60, -3.67, -3.62; P=0.036, 0.042, 0.031, 0.030, 0.030). Furthermore, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis revealed a positive correlation between the overall methylation level in this region and C-reactive protein (CRP) ( r=0.19, P=0.004) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( r=0.14, P=0.035). The overall methylation level of the LCK promoter region in the CRP (low) group [0.63 (0.58, 0.68)] was higher than that in the CRP (high) group [0.65(0.61, 0.70)], with statistically significant differences ( Z=2.60, P=0.009). Finally, by constru-cting a ROC curve, the discriminatory efficacy of peripheral blood LCK promoter region methylation levels for identifying RA patients, especially seronegative RA patients, from HC and OA groups was validated, with an AUC value of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.93). Conclusion:This study provides insights into the methylation status and methylation haplotype patterns of the LCK promoter region in the peripheral blood of RA patients. The overall methylation level in this region is positively correlated with the level of inflammation and can be used to differentiate seronegative RA patients from the HC and OA patients.

Objective To explore the value of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging(bp-MRI)radiomics models in noninvasive prediction of high-risk prostate cancer.Methods A total of 320 patients with pathologically confirmed prostate cancer were retro-spectively selected,and all patients underwent bp-MRI before pathology,including T2WI and diffusion weighted imaging(DWI).Appar-ent diffusion coefficient(ADC)maps were extracted from DWI.All patients were divided into high-risk(Gleason score≥8)and medium-low risk(Gleason score ≤7)groups based on the Gleason score.Using 3D Slicer software,the entire prostate gland was outlined.Python software was used to calculate parameters,and the minimum redundancy maximum correlation and sequence back-ward elimination algorithms were used to extract and select radiomics features and to build a model.Three radiomics(T2 WI,DWI,ADC)models were constructed and verified by logistic regression(LR).The performance of the model was evaluated by area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,specificity(SP),sensitivity(SE),and accuracy(ACC).An indi-vidual prediction model was established via the clinical data of 224 patients and bp-MRI features,and validated via the data of 96 patients.Results A total of 1 165 radiomics features were extracted.After feature screening,2,4 and 6 radiomics features were screened out to construct T2WI model,DWI model and ADC model for predicting high-risk prostate cancer.All radiomics models had significant predictive performance in identifying medium-low risk and high-risk groups(P＜0.05).The DWI model had the highest predictive value,and the AUC,ACC,SE,and SP in the training group were 0.814,0.756,0.838,and 0.744,respectively.The AUC,ACC,SE,and SP in the verification group were 0.840,0.756,0.848,and 0.784,respectively.Conclusion Radiomics based on bp-MRI can better identify medium-low risk and high-risk prostate cancer before surgery.

The demographic characteristics, drug use, clinical symptoms and other data of the patients treated with Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid were collected. The latent class analysis(LCA) was performed to reveal the distribution of primary symptoms, and then the doubly robust estimation was employed to analyze the efficacy of different doses of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid in different populations. A total of 11 273 patients were enrolled in this study, including 4 347 males and 6 926 females. A total of 15 primary symptoms were included, with the top 3 being dizziness(53.9%), head heaviness(39.6%), and nausea(39.4%). According to the LCA, the population was divided into 3 groups of spleen deficiency and dampness exuberance(5 604 cases, 49.71%), upward harassing of wind-phlegm(4 955 cases, 43.96%), and spleen Qi deficiency(714 cases, 6.33%). Double robust estimation showed that the time to recovery of the patients with spleen Qi deficiency had no significant difference regarding the daily dose. Compared with the daily dose of 20 mL, the daily doses of 40, and 60 mL shortened the time to recovery by 16.67(95%CI[5.23, 28.12]) and 15.94 h(95%C1[7.45, 24.43]) in the patients with upward harassingof wind-phlegm, the daily doses of 30, 40, and 60 mL shortened the time to recovery by 4.42(95%CI[1.06, 7.77]), 13.07(95%CI[1.61, 24.54]), 13.92 h(95%CI[5.14, 22.70]) in the patients with spleen deficiency and dampness exuberance, respectively. The patients with cold due to wind-cold and dampness stagnation had more primary syndromes, and the disease locations were mainly in the head, stomach, and spleen. In clinical practice, the daily dose of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid can be increased according to the symptoms of patients, which can shorten the time to recovery.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Administration, Oral ; Wind ; Child ; Spleen/drug effects* ; Cold Temperature ; Aged, 80 and over

Humans ; Prognosis ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics* ; Mutation ; Karyotype ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is an autoimmune disease that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. At present, clinical treatment drugs include conventional synthetic disease modifing anti-rheumatic drugs(csDMARDs), nonsteroid anti-inflammtory drugs(NSAIDs), hormones, small molecule targeted drugs, biological agents, etc. These drugs can relieve the clinical symptoms of most patients with RA to a certain extent, but there are still many limitations, such as drug adverse reactions and individual differences in drug efficacy. Therefore, the research on drug treatment targets and the development of low-toxicity drugs helps further improve the precise prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of RA. There is an urgent need for efficient and low-toxic treatments to delay the clinical progress of RA. As a treasure of Chinese culture, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is widely used as an alternative therapy in the treatment of various diseases, and has a significant clinical efficacy. TCM therapy(including monomer traditional Chinese medicine, classical compounds, and non-drug therapies) has a significant curative effect on RA. Based on the literature research in recent years, this paper reviewed the clinical and mechanism research of TCM therapy in the treatment of RA, and provided more in-depth thinking for the wide application of TCM therapy in clinical practice.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy* ; Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use*

Schisandra chinensis, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is rich in chemical constituents, including lignans, triterpenes, polysaccharides, and volatile oils. Clinically, it is commonly used to treat cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, liver, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that S. chinensis extract and monomers have multiple pharmacological activities in lowering liver fat, alleviating insulin resistance, and resisting oxidative stress, and have good application prospects in alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). Therefore, this study reviewed the research progress on chemical constituents of S. chinensis and its effect on NAFLD in recent years to provide references for the research on S. chinensis in the treatment of NAFLD.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Schisandra ; Insulin Resistance ; Lignans