Purpose: Despite advances in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapse remains the most significant challenge in improving prognosis. Measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment can predict bone marrow relapse based on MRD positivity. As access to innovative therapies remains limited because of the high cost, chemotherapy is the widely utilized treatment option. The efficacy of a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD has been reported in patients with multiple myeloma; however, its efficacy has not yet been confirmed in patients with ALL. Methods: This prospective cohort study involved patients with ALL who presented with MRD-positive results or relapse and received treatment with a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD at two reference centers in Mexico City. Results: Of the 20 patients with positive MRD included in this study, 60% (n = 12) exhibited MRD negative results after combination treatment, 30% (n = 6) persisted positive MRD results, and 10% (n = 2) passed away. Of the 23 patients with bone marrow relapse, 43.5% (n = 10) achieved a second complete remission (2CR), 34.8% (n = 6) exhibited refractory status, and 21.7% (n = 5) passed away. To achieve a 2CR, 20% (n = 2) patients required less than four cycles of treatment, 50% (n = 5) required four cycles (two A and B cycles each), and 30% (n = 3) required six cycles. Conclusion The combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD treatment exhibited better results in achieving MRD negative results, indicating its potential as a promising first-line treatment strategy for ALL.

Purpose: Despite advances in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapse remains the most significant challenge in improving prognosis. Measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment can predict bone marrow relapse based on MRD positivity. As access to innovative therapies remains limited because of the high cost, chemotherapy is the widely utilized treatment option. The efficacy of a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD has been reported in patients with multiple myeloma; however, its efficacy has not yet been confirmed in patients with ALL. Methods: This prospective cohort study involved patients with ALL who presented with MRD-positive results or relapse and received treatment with a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD at two reference centers in Mexico City. Results: Of the 20 patients with positive MRD included in this study, 60% (n = 12) exhibited MRD negative results after combination treatment, 30% (n = 6) persisted positive MRD results, and 10% (n = 2) passed away. Of the 23 patients with bone marrow relapse, 43.5% (n = 10) achieved a second complete remission (2CR), 34.8% (n = 6) exhibited refractory status, and 21.7% (n = 5) passed away. To achieve a 2CR, 20% (n = 2) patients required less than four cycles of treatment, 50% (n = 5) required four cycles (two A and B cycles each), and 30% (n = 3) required six cycles. Conclusion The combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD treatment exhibited better results in achieving MRD negative results, indicating its potential as a promising first-line treatment strategy for ALL.

Purpose: Despite advances in the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), relapse remains the most significant challenge in improving prognosis. Measurable residual disease (MRD) assessment can predict bone marrow relapse based on MRD positivity. As access to innovative therapies remains limited because of the high cost, chemotherapy is the widely utilized treatment option. The efficacy of a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD has been reported in patients with multiple myeloma; however, its efficacy has not yet been confirmed in patients with ALL. Methods: This prospective cohort study involved patients with ALL who presented with MRD-positive results or relapse and received treatment with a combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD at two reference centers in Mexico City. Results: Of the 20 patients with positive MRD included in this study, 60% (n = 12) exhibited MRD negative results after combination treatment, 30% (n = 6) persisted positive MRD results, and 10% (n = 2) passed away. Of the 23 patients with bone marrow relapse, 43.5% (n = 10) achieved a second complete remission (2CR), 34.8% (n = 6) exhibited refractory status, and 21.7% (n = 5) passed away. To achieve a 2CR, 20% (n = 2) patients required less than four cycles of treatment, 50% (n = 5) required four cycles (two A and B cycles each), and 30% (n = 3) required six cycles. Conclusion The combination of bortezomib and Hyper-CVAD treatment exhibited better results in achieving MRD negative results, indicating its potential as a promising first-line treatment strategy for ALL.

The implementation of imaging methods that enable sensitive and specific observation of anatomical structures has been a constant in the evolution of endodontic therapy. Conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) enables 3-dimensional (3D) spatial anatomical navigation in the 3 volumetric planes (sagittal, coronal and axial) which translates into great accuracy for the identification of endodontic pathologies/conditions. CBCT interpretation consists of 2 main components: (i) the generation of specific tasks of the image and (ii) the subsequent interpretation report. A systematic and reproducible method to review CBCT scans can improve the accuracy of the interpretation process, translating into greater precision in terms of diagnosis and planning of endodontic clinical procedures. MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2023. This narrative review addresses the theoretical concepts, elements of interpretation and applications of the CBCT scan in endodontics. In addition, the contents and rationale for reporting 3D endodontic imaging are discussed.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sleep patterns and chronotypes in Spanish women diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines was conducted from March 1, 2024, to June 10, 2024, at the Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Association of Tenerife (San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain). Results: A total of 73 women, with a mean age of 56.15±6.47 years, diagnosed with FMS were enrolled. Bedtime habits and wake-up times showed significant variability, reflecting individual differences in sleep chronotype preferences among the participants. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index revealed a mean score of 11.62±0.92, indicating substantial challenges in sleep quality among participants with FMS. Sleep efficiency was low, averaging 14.86%±0.34%, and there was a significant discrepancy in sleep duration between workdays and free days, with an average difference of 2.0±0.5 h. The participants reported compensatory sleep through an average of two naps per day, each lasting 40 min. Conclusions Participants with FMS experienced poor sleep quality, characterized by variability in sleep patterns between workdays and free days, along with significant social jet lag. Low sleep efficiency suggests a prevalent sleep debt, which the participants attempted to mitigate through frequent and extended napping.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sleep patterns and chronotypes in Spanish women diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines was conducted from March 1, 2024, to June 10, 2024, at the Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Association of Tenerife (San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain). Results: A total of 73 women, with a mean age of 56.15±6.47 years, diagnosed with FMS were enrolled. Bedtime habits and wake-up times showed significant variability, reflecting individual differences in sleep chronotype preferences among the participants. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index revealed a mean score of 11.62±0.92, indicating substantial challenges in sleep quality among participants with FMS. Sleep efficiency was low, averaging 14.86%±0.34%, and there was a significant discrepancy in sleep duration between workdays and free days, with an average difference of 2.0±0.5 h. The participants reported compensatory sleep through an average of two naps per day, each lasting 40 min. Conclusions Participants with FMS experienced poor sleep quality, characterized by variability in sleep patterns between workdays and free days, along with significant social jet lag. Low sleep efficiency suggests a prevalent sleep debt, which the participants attempted to mitigate through frequent and extended napping.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate sleep patterns and chronotypes in Spanish women diagnosed with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines was conducted from March 1, 2024, to June 10, 2024, at the Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Association of Tenerife (San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain). Results: A total of 73 women, with a mean age of 56.15±6.47 years, diagnosed with FMS were enrolled. Bedtime habits and wake-up times showed significant variability, reflecting individual differences in sleep chronotype preferences among the participants. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index revealed a mean score of 11.62±0.92, indicating substantial challenges in sleep quality among participants with FMS. Sleep efficiency was low, averaging 14.86%±0.34%, and there was a significant discrepancy in sleep duration between workdays and free days, with an average difference of 2.0±0.5 h. The participants reported compensatory sleep through an average of two naps per day, each lasting 40 min. Conclusions Participants with FMS experienced poor sleep quality, characterized by variability in sleep patterns between workdays and free days, along with significant social jet lag. Low sleep efficiency suggests a prevalent sleep debt, which the participants attempted to mitigate through frequent and extended napping.

Background: and Purpose Recent studies suggested an increased incidence of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We evaluated the volume of CVT hospitalization and in-hospital mortality during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the preceding year. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study of 171 stroke centers from 49 countries. We recorded COVID-19 admission volumes, CVT hospitalization, and CVT in-hospital mortality from January 1, 2019, to May 31, 2021. CVT diagnoses were identified by International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) codes or stroke databases. We additionally sought to compare the same metrics in the first 5 months of 2021 compared to the corresponding months in 2019 and 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04934020). Results: There were 2,313 CVT admissions across the 1-year pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic year (2020); no differences in CVT volume or CVT mortality were observed. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT volumes compared to 2019 (27.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 24.2 to 32.0; P<0.0001) and 2020 (41.4%; 95% CI, 37.0 to 46.0; P<0.0001). A COVID-19 diagnosis was present in 7.6% (132/1,738) of CVT hospitalizations. CVT was present in 0.04% (103/292,080) of COVID-19 hospitalizations. During the first pandemic year, CVT mortality was higher in patients who were COVID positive compared to COVID negative patients (8/53 [15.0%] vs. 41/910 [4.5%], P=0.004). There was an increase in CVT mortality during the first 5 months of pandemic years 2020 and 2021 compared to the first 5 months of the pre-pandemic year 2019 (2019 vs. 2020: 2.26% vs. 4.74%, P=0.05; 2019 vs. 2021: 2.26% vs. 4.99%, P=0.03). In the first 5 months of 2021, there were 26 cases of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), resulting in six deaths. Conclusions During the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic, CVT hospitalization volume and CVT in-hospital mortality did not change compared to the prior year. COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with higher CVT in-hospital mortality. During the first 5 months of 2021, there was an increase in CVT hospitalization volume and increase in CVT-related mortality, partially attributable to VITT.

Background: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a severe and catastrophic disorder that affects the hips of adolescents.Many reports about surgical procedures to treat this condition have been published, but to our knowledge, there are no published results of treatment in Latin American patients. This study describes the clinical and radiological results of the modified Dunn procedure with the surgical approach described by Ganz to treat mild to severe SCFE in a cohort of Colombian pediatric patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 21 patients (22 hips) with SCFE treated with surgical dislocation of the hip from 2005 to 2017. The same pediatric orthopedic surgeon performed all operations. Clinical outcome was assessed using the range of movement and Merle d’Aubigné score, while radiological measurements and assessment included the slip angle and Tönnis score. Results: The average duration of follow-up was 29 months (range, 12–72 months). Of all cases, 17 presented with acute-on-chronic symptoms. Preoperatively, all 22 hips were classified as poor according to the Merle d’Aubigné score. Preoperative radiological classification showed compromise grade II or III in 20 hips. Last follow-up Merle d’Aubigné score rated 17 cases as good or excellent (p < 0.05). The postoperative radiological classification was grade I or II in all 22 cases, and the Tönnis score was stage II in 3 cases and stage III in 4 cases. Conclusions Our results suggest that the modified Dunn osteotomy performed through the Ganz technique could be safely and effectively used to treat patients with mild to severe SCFE.