Objective:To explore the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and their relationship with prognosis. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical, imaging, and pathological data of 130 patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx who were treated at the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan and the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2018 to March 2023. Imaging examinations （CT and MRI） were used to evaluate the lesion boundary clarity, density, enhancement nature, and enhancement degree. Postoperative pathological examination was used to determine the pathological nature, immunohistochemistry, etc. Statistical methods such as χ² test, Spearman correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier method were used to analyze the data. Results:Among the 130 patients, 127 were male and 3 were female, with an average age of （61.92±9.595） years. There was a correlation between clinical, imaging, and pathological features. Multivariate analysis showed that heterogeneous MRI density （OR=12.414;P=0.019） and squamous cell carcinoma as a subtype were correlated. The initial symptom of non-hoarseness （HR=6.045;P=0.010） and unclear MRI boundary （HR=12.559; P=0.029） were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Conclusion:There is a correlation between the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of patients with glottic squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, and they can affect prognosis. The initial symptom of non-hoarseness and unclear MRI boundary of the tumor are independent risk factors for poor prognosis.
Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Male ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Glottis/pathology* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Aged

Humans ; B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism* ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnosis* ; China ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology* ; Consensus ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; Immunotherapy/methods*

Objective:The extranodal extension（ENE） is widely found in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma（HNSCC）, which displays the aggressiveness of the tumor and increasing the risk of local recurrence and distant metastasis, so the ENE often has been used as an important indicator of prognosis and treatment. Although the pathologic and radiologic tests are currently the main diagnostic techniques for ENE, there is still a lack of uniform standards. The article reviews the prognostic value, pathologic and radiologic diagnosis of ENE in HNSCC over the recent years.
Humans ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology* ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnosis* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis* ; Extranodal Extension ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Lymphatic Metastasis

Humans ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/pathology* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Precancerous Conditions/pathology* ; Early Diagnosis

Objective: To assess the clinical features and treatment outcomes in patients with primary ovarian squamous cell carcinoma (POSCC). Methods: Fifteen patients with primary ovarian squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed from January 2009 to December 2018 in Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences were collected. The expression of p16, hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6 and PMS2 in POSCC was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the status of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) by RNAscope test. Results: Squamous cell carcinoma with different degrees of differentiation was found in 15 cases, including three cases with high differentiation and 12 cases with medium to low differentiation. There were four cases with in situ squamous cell carcinoma, four cases with teratoma, one case with endometrial carcinoma/atypical hyperplasia, and one case with endometriosis. p16 was expressed in five cases (5/15), indicating coexisting high-risk HPV infection. There was no high-risk HPV infection in the remaining 10 cases, and p16 staining was negative. There was no deficient mismatch repair protein in all cases. The overall survival time (P=0.038) and progression free survival (P=0.045) of patients with high-risk HPV infection were longer than those without HPV infection. Conclusions: POSCC is more commonly noted in postmenopausal women and often occurs unilaterally. Elevated serological indexes CA125 and SCC are the most common finding. Morphologically, the tumors show variable degrees of differentiation, but the current data suggest that the degree of differentiation cannot be used as an independent prognostic index. High-risk HPV infection may be associated with the occurrence of POSCC, and that the prognosis of POSCC patients with HPV infection is better than that of patients without infection.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/analysis* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis* ; Prognosis

Squamous cell carcinoma of the breast and its subtype, basal-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) phenotype, are very rare. Herein, we report a patient who developed recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast with basal-HER2 subtype 6 years after the initial diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma of the HER2 subtype. To the best of our knowledge, recurrence of invasive ductal carcinoma in the form of metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma of basal-HER2 subtype has not been reported previously. We present a pathological perspective of our experience.
Breast ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Humans ; Pathology ; Phenotype ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of patients with unilateral sinonasal disease (USD). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was completed on 376 adult patients with USD from January 2015 to December 2016. Their presenting symptoms, nasal endoscope, CT scanning, and pathology were analyzed respectively. RESULTS: Among the 267 (71.01%) patients with inflammatory disease, there were 4 pathological types. And there were 8 pathological types in 60 (15.96%) patients with benign tumor. Of the 49 patients with malignant tumor, there were 15 pathological types which included squamous carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and lymphoma, as well as myoepithelial carcinoma and Mesodermal mesoderm. The onset age of inflammation group was younger than that of benign (<0.05) or malignant tumor groups (<0.05). The misdiagnosis rate was 8.33% in benign tumor (5/60), and 10.20% in malignant tumor (5/49). Nasal polyps was the most common misdiagnosis in the groups of benign and malignant tumor. CONCLUSIONS The pathology of adult patients with USD is complicated, and no specific clinical feature was found for distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions. The tumor took a quite proportion in adult patients with USD. Therefore, careful consideration should be taken before diagnosing patients with USD in order to reduce misdiagnosis rate.
Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Polyps ; Nose Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer. Of the 4 million skin lesions excised annually worldwide, approximately 2 million are considered cancerous. In this study, we aimed to describe a regional experience with skin cancers treated by a single senior surgeon and to provide a treatment algorithm. METHODS: The medical records of 176 patients with head and neck non-melanocytic skin cancer (NMSC) who were treated by a single surgeon at our institution between January 2010 and May 2016 were retrospectively reviewed, and their data (age, sex, pathological type, tumor location/size, treatment modality) were analyzed. Patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) who were classified as a high-risk group for nodal metastasis underwent sentinel node mapping according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. RESULTS: Among the patients with NMSC who were treated during this period, basal cell carcinoma (BCC; n=102, 57.9%) was the most common pathological type, followed by cSCC (n=66, 37.5%). Most lesions were treated by complete excision, with tumor-free surgical margins determined via frozen section pathology. Thirty-one patients with high-metastasis-risk cSCC underwent sentinel node mapping, and 17 (54.8%) exhibited radiologically positive sentinel nodes. Although these nodes were pathologically negative for metastasis, 2 patients (6.5%) later developed lymph node metastases. CONCLUSION: In our experience, BCC treatment should comprise wide excision with tumor-free surgical margins and proper reconstruction. In contrast, patients with cSCC should undergo lymphoscintigraphy, as nodal metastases are a possibility. Proper diagnosis and treatment could reduce the undesirably high morbidity and mortality rates.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Frozen Sections ; Head* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoscintigraphy ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Neck* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Neoplasms* ; Skin*

BACKGROUND: Jeju Island is geographically and socioeconomically distinct from the mainland of South Korea. Thus, the presentation and management of non-melanocytic skin cancers (NMSC) of the head and neck may differ from those in other regions of the country. We compared the clinical characteristics and treatment modalities of NMSC on Jeju Island with the findings of similar regional studies. METHODS: Patient data, including age, sex, diagnosis, tumor site, treatment, and recurrence, were obtained from the medical and pathology records of patients diagnosed with NMSC between January 2010 and June 2015. RESULTS: In total, 190 patients (57 men) with a mean age of 75 years (range, 42–97) were assessed. Overall, 203 NMSCs were diagnosed, including 123 basal cell carcinomas and 80 squamous cell carcinomas. The tumor sites included the nose, cheeks, periorbital area, and lips (n=55, 54, 25, and 20, respectively). We identified 92 T1-stage and 60 T2-stage tumors, and 120 cases were treated with wide surgical resection and 17 cases were treated with radiation therapy at the medical center. Of the 120 cases treated surgically, 69 required reconstructive surgery using a local skin flap, 22 required full-thickness skin grafting, and 12 underwent primary closure. Basal and squamous cell carcinomas recurred in 2 and 1 cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the reports from other regions, the average patient age was 10 years higher, with a marked female preponderance. While the proportion of squamous cell carcinoma was higher than in other regions, the tumor distribution and surgical management profiles were similar.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cheek ; Clinical Study* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Head* ; Humans ; Korea ; Lip ; Neck* ; Nose ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Skin Neoplasms* ; Skin Transplantation ; Skin*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with primary gastric adenosquamous cell carcinoma.

METHODSA total of 5 562 patients with gastric neoplasm were admitted in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2001 to January 2011. Among them 42 patients were diagnosed as primary gastric adenosquamous cell carcinoma, accounting for 0.76% of all the patients. The clinicopathological and follow-up data of these 42 patients with primary gastric adenosquamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed, and Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the prognostic factors of gastric adenocarcinoma squamous cell carcinoma.

RESULTSAmong above 42 patients, 32 were male and 10 were female, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.2/1.0 and the average age was 63 years (range: 46 to 77 years). Five patients (11.9%) were confirmed as adenosquamous cell carcinoma by preoperative pathological examination, while other 37 patients were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma preoperatively. According to the 7th edition AJCC TNM classification system for gastric adenocarcinoma, 5 patients (11.9%) were in stage II(, 30 patients (71.4%) in stage III( and 7 patients (16.7%) in stage IIII(. The maximum tumor diameter was > 5 cm in 18 patients (42.9%). Borrmann type III(-IIII( was found in 29 patients (69.0%), and poorly differentiated (or undifferentiated) tumor was found in 32 patients (76.2%). Radical operations were performed in 31 patients (73.8%), the reasons of non radical operations included infiltration of pancreas in 3 patients, infiltration of radices mesocili transvers in 1 patient and classification of stage IIII( in 7 patients. Lymph node dissection was performed in 37 patients, 83.8% of them (31/37) was found with lymphatic metastases. Twenty-five patients received adjuvant chemotherapy except for 7 patients in stage IIII( and 10 patients who refused adjuvant chemotherapy. All the patients had an average survival time of 36.4 months and median survival time of 28.0 months, and the overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 82.2%, 42.3% and 18.2% respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that tumor size (χ=4.039, P=0.044), Borrmann type (χ=18.728, P=0.000), tumor differentiation (χ=19.612, P=0.000), radical gastectomy (χ=41.452, P=0.000), lymph node metastasis (χ=9.689, P=0.002) and clinical stage (χ=26.277, P=0.000) were associated with postoperative survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor differentiation (HR=10.560, 95%CI:2.263-49.281, P=0.003), radical gastrectomy (HR=4.309, 95%CI:1.311-14.168, P=0.016) and clinical stage (HR=2.392, 95%CI:1.022-5.600, P=0.044) were independent prognosis factors.

CONCLUSIONSPrimary gastric adenosquamous cell carcinoma is rare with poor prognosis. Radical gastrectomy is recommended. Tumor differentiation, radical gastrectomy and clinical stage are important indicators to evaluate prognosis of primary gastric adenosquamous cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; statistics & numerical data ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Grading ; statistics & numerical data ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; statistics & numerical data ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Survival Rate