Objective: To investigate the expression of cortactin in colorectal cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. Methods: The expressions of cortactin in normal colorectal mucosal tissue and colorectal cancer tissue in paraffin-embedded tissue microarray from 319 patients who were diagnosed as colorectal cancer and treated in Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2006 to 2009 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test were used for survival analysis, and Cox proportional risk regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: The positive expression rates of cortactin in colorectal cancer tissue and normal colorectal mucosal tissue were 61.1% (195/319) and 5.6% (18/319, P<0.001), respectively. T-stage, N-stage, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, degree of tumor differentiation, neural invasion and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were associated with the expression of cortactin (P<0.05). The positive expression of cortactin was associated with poorer disease-free survival (P=0.036) and overall survival (P=0.043), and the effect was more significant in patients with stage Ⅱ to Ⅲ. For patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ colorectal cancer, postoperative adjuvant therapy was associated with disease-free survival (P=0.007) and overall survival (P=0.015). The vascular tumor embolus, pathological type, preoperative CEA level and cortactin expression were independent influencing factors for disease-free survival (P<0.05). The age, AJCC stage, preoperative CEA level and cortactin expression were independent influencing factors for overall survival (P<0.05). Preoperative CEA level and cortactin expression were independent influencing factors for disease-free survival and overall survival (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cortactin is expressed in colorectal cancer and in stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients, it is a potential predictor of colorectal cancer prognosis.
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen/metabolism* ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Cortactin/metabolism* ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Afatinib ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo explore the predictive value of combination detection of Pgp1 expression in cancer tissue and serum CEA level for the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

METHODSClinicopathological data, complete 5-year follow-up data and CRC tissue samples of 153 CRC patients with stage I( to II( tumor undergoing radical operation in our department from January 2004 to August 2006 were retrospectively collected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression level of Pgp1. The combined evaluation of staining intensity and positive cell percentage was performed to determine the expression level of Pgp1. Pgp1 staining (-) and (+) was defined as low expression; and staining (++) and (+++) as high expression. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to detect the level of serum CEA. CEA > 5 μg/L was defined as positive. χand Fisher's exact test were performed to analyze the association of Pgp1 expression with CEA level and clinicopathological variables. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to evaluate the roles of Pgp1 expression combined with serum CEA level in prognosis prediction.

RESULTSOf 153 patients, 105 were males and 48 females with mean age of 59 (27 to 90) years; 41 cases were rectal cancer, and 112 cases colon cancer; 23 patients were TNM stage I( tumor, and 130 patients stage II( tumor; median follow-up time was 64 months; 30 cases were dead. Positive rate of Pgp1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues was 66.0%(101/153). The expression of Pgp1 was associated with gender, tumor location, and survival during the follow-up (all P<0.05). The preoperative positive rate of serum CEA was 28.1% (43/153). The preoperative serum CEA level was associated with tumor recurrence and survival (all P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the overall 5-year survival rate was 81.7%. The 5-year survival rate of patients with high expression of Pgp1 was 88.1%, which was significantly higher than 69.2% of those with low expression of Pgp1(P=0.003). The 5-year survival rate of patients with preoperative positive serum CEA was 72.1%, which was significantly lower than 86.1% of those with preoperative negative serum CEA(P=0.023). Furthermore, the 5-year survival rate of patients with negative Pgp1 plus positive CEA was 66.7%, which was significantly lower than 91.0% of those with positive Pgp1 plus negative CEA(P=0.002). Univariate analysis showed that gender, Pgp1 expression level, preoperative serum CEA level, and Pgp1 combined with CEA were significantly associated with the prognosis of patients(all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that Pgp1 expression was an independent prognostic factor of CRC [HR(95%CI:1.261 to 64.224), P=0.028].

CONCLUSIONSLow expression of Pgp1 in cancer tissue indicates poor prognosis in patients with stage I( and II( tumor. Combination detection of Pgp1 expression and serum CEA can be applied to predict the prognosis of patients with stage I( and II( colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; physiology ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; blood ; physiology ; Colonic Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; secretion ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; secretion ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; metabolism ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Proteins ; blood ; physiology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; physiopathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Rectal Neoplasms ; physiopathology ; secretion ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Survival Rate

Lipooligosacharide (LOS) of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococci, GC) is involved in the interaction of GC with host cells. Deletion of the alpha-oligosaccharide (alpha-OS) moiety of LOS (lgtF mutant) significantly impairs invasion of GC into epithelial cell lines. GC opacity (Opa) proteins, such as OpaI, mediate phagocytosis and stimulate chemiluminescence responses in neutrophils in part through interaction with members of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family, which includes CEACAM3 (CD66d), a human neutrophil specific receptor for phagocytosis of bacteria. In the present work, we examined the effects of OpaI-expressing lgtF mutant on phagocytosis by HeLa-CEACAM3 cells and chemiluminescence responses in neutrophils. The results showed that lgtF mutant even expressing OpaI completely lost the ability to promote either phagocytosis mediated by CEACAM3 interaction in HeLa cells or chemiluminescence responses in neutrophils. These data indicated that Opa proteins in the lgtF mutant, which might result from the conformational change, cannot be functional.
Antigens, Bacterial ; chemistry ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Carbohydrate Sequence ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; genetics ; immunology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; HeLa Cells ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides ; chemistry ; immunology ; Luminescent Measurements ; Mutation ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathogenicity ; Neutrophils ; immunology ; microbiology ; Phagocytosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR in the plasma of breast cancer patients and its value in the diagnosis of breast cancer.

METHODSHOTAIR levels were measured in 24 tumor tissues and 70 plasma samples from breast cancer patients using quantitative real-time PCR. The correlations of plasma HOTAIR level with the clinicopathological features of the patients were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression model was established to analyze the value of plasma HOTAIR in comparison with plasma CA153 and CEA levels for breast cancer diagnosis. We further detected HOTAIR levels in the plasma and breast cancer tissues of 24 patients before and after operation and investigated their correlation.

RESULTSBreast cancer patients had increased expressions of HOTAIR in the tumor tissues and plasma, and plasma HOTAIR level was significantly correlated with estrogen receptor (ER) level (P=0.004) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.010). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the multivariable logistic regression model showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of plasma HOTAIR was 0.82 (P<0.001) for breast cancer diagnosis with a diagnostic sensitivity and a specificity of 73.3% and 93.3%, respectively. The diagnostic power and specificity of plasma HOTAIR was much higher than those of CA153 (AUC=0.66, P=0.030) and CEA (AUC=0.52, P=0.001), and the combination of the 3 markers further enhanced the diagnostic power (AUC=0.84) and specificity (96.7%). Plasma HOTAIR level was significantly reduced in the patients after the operation (P<0.0001) and showed a moderate correlation with its expression in tumor tissues (r=0.62, P<0.0001).

CONCLUSIONPlasma HOTAIR may serve as a potential biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Breast Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mucin-1 ; blood ; Prognosis ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; blood ; ROC Curve ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDColorectal carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors. Despite advances in therapy, mortality is still very high. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of paxillin in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line SW480 and its role in cell cycle and apoptosis. We also investigated the expression of paxillin in colorectal carcinoma tissues and its relationship to clinicopathological features and survival.

METHODSPaxillin short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was constructed and transfected into the colon adenocarcinoma cell line SW480. The influence of paxillin shRNA on the cell cycle and cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to assess the expression of paxillin and its association with the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, p53 and Bcl-2 in 102 patients with primary colorectal carcinoma. Western blotting was also used to investigate the expression of paxillin. Medical records were reviewed and a clinicopathological analysis was performed.

RESULTSIn vitro, the percentage of cells in S phase was (45.23±1.05)%, (43.53±1.23)%, and (36.13±0.57)% in the blank control group, negative control group, and paxillin shRNA group respectively. It was significantly decreased in the paxillin shRNA group (P = 0.000). The early apoptosis index of the paxillin shRNA group (17.2±1.18%) was significantly increased compared to the control shRNA group ((13.17±1.15)%, P = 0.013). Paxillin was positive in 71 (69.6%) patients, and it was found to be overexpressed in tumor tissues compared with normal adjacent tissues. Paxillin positive rate was higher in patients who are less than 50-years old (100.0% vs. 65.6%, P = 0.016). Paxillin expression was associated with a high histologic grade of carcinoma (81.4% vs. 61.0%, P = 0.031), a high rate of regional lymph node metastasis (22.5% vs. 13.0%, P = 0.031), mesenteric artery lymph node metastasis (100.0% vs. 64.8%, P = 0.008), distant metastasis (94.1% vs. 64.7%, P = 0.016) and a high Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage (94.1%, 73.2%, 60.0%, and 50%, P = 0.030). Multivariate analyses revealed that recurrence was associated with the rate of regional lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001) and paxillin expression (P = 0.024). Multivariate analysis indicated that the overall survival is related to the TNM stage (P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSIn vitro, paxillin may promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis in SW480 cells. Paxillin may be a potential metastasis predictor, and an independent prognosis factor of recurrence. It may also be related to poor patient outcomes, but was not an independent predictor of survival.

Apoptosis ; genetics ; physiology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle ; genetics ; physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Paxillin ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics

BACKGROUNDCurrently, all frequently used staging systems in gallbladder cancer (GBC) are based on postoperative pathological examinations. In patients undergoing curative operation, there is no effective method to predict survival preoperatively. In this study, we explored whether a combined utilization of two tumor biomarkers, namely carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), could give a preoperative prediction of survival in resectable GBC.

METHODSSeventy-three patients who underwent radical resection for GBC were included in this study. A retrospective analysis of clinical-pathological data was conducted.

RESULTSBy multivariate analysis, CA 19-9 elevation (P < 0.05) and CEA elevation (P < 0.001) were discovered as two individual factors for postoperative survival. By a combined utilization, patients were divided into three groups: patients with elevation of CEA (group I), patients with elevation of CA 19-9 but without CEA (group II), and patients with nonelevations of either CA 19-9 or CEA (group III). The cumulative 5-year survival rates in groups I, II, and III were 0, 14.0%, and 42.8%, respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBy a combined utilization of CA 19-9 and CEA, individualized prediction of survival is available in resectable GBC before operation. Extended radical operation brings the most prognostic benefits in patients with nonelevations of either CA 19-9 or CEA. However, if operation would be in a larger-scale destructive manner, careful consideration of surgical decisions should be made in patients with elevation of tumor biomarkers, especially CEA.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; CA-19-9 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Female ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinicopathological characteristics and imaging features of lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern (MPP).

METHODSEighty cases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern treated in our hospital from July 2011 to December 2012 were selected to retrospectively analyze their clinicopathological characteristics and imaging features.

RESULTSAmong the 80 cases of lung adenocarcinoma with MPP, there were 38 cases of stage I (47.5%), 12 cases of stage II (15.0%), 25 cases of stage III (31.3%) and 5 cases of stage IV (6.2%). There were 14 cases of moderately differentiated (17.5%) and moderately/poorly differentiated (82.5%) tumors. Sixty-three cases had pleural involvement, vascular invasion, involving the bronchial wall, invasion of large vessels, nerve invasion, and lymph node metastasis (at least one of them) (78.8%). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that both positive rates of TTF-1 and CK7 were 100%, and that of pulmonary surfactant apolipoprotein-A (SPA) was 84.0%. Imaging examination revealed hilar or mediastinal lymph node enlargement in 15 cases (18.8%). but the pathology confirmed hilar or mediastinal lymph node metastasis in 36 cases (45.0%). Lung CT imaging showed that the majority of the cases were peripheral type, and only a few of central type, and most cases were solid lesions, with lobulation, spiculation, pleural indentation, and vascular convergence sign, while there were few ground-glass opacity sign and vacuole sign.

CONCLUSIONSLung adenocarcinoma with MPP component often presents with early invasions of pleura, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and lymph nodes. Imaging manifestation of this cancer mainly shows as peripheral and solid lesions, often with lobulation, spiculation, pleural indentation, vascular convergence sign, but GGO and vacuole signs are unusual. Overexpression of TTF-1, CK7 and SPA, and elevated CEA level are associated with clinical staging of the disease.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Apolipoproteins A ; metabolism ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transcription Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of three rare and poor-prognostic pathological subtypes of primary liver carcinoma, and improve the clinical diagnosis and surgical treatment.

METHODSA retrospective analysis of clinicopathological data of 69 patients with rare pathological subtypes of primary liver carcinoma, diagnosed by postoperative pathology in our hospital from October 1998 to June 2013 was carried out. The data of 80 cases of common poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma treated in the same period were collected as control group. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival rate, and Cox proportional hazards model was used for prognostic analysis in the patients.

RESULTSThirty-four cases were combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCC, 28 males, 6 females), with a median age of 52 years (range, 33 to 73). Ninteen cases were giant cell carcinoma (GCC, 16 males and 3 females), with a median age of 59 years (range, 38 to 66). Sixteen cases were sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC, 14 males and 2 females), with a median age of 57 years (range, 46 to 70). The survival analysis revealed that median survival time and the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates for these 3 groups were 20 months, 61.8%, 29.4%, and 20.6% in the CCC patients, 13 months, 52.6%, 31.6%, and 0% in the GCC patients, and 8 months, 31.3%, 0%, 0% in the SC patients, respectively. The median survival time and survival rate of the SC group were significantly lower than those of the other three groups (P < 0.05). However, in the SC group, the incidences of hilar lymph nodes metastasis, vascular tumor emboli and invasion of adjacent organs were significantly higher than those in the other three groups (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among the other three groups (P > 0.05). The levels of carcino-embryonic antigen were higher in the three rare subtype groups than that of the control group. The incidences of multiple tumors of the three rare subtype groups were higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Positive surgical margin was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor.

CONCLUSIONSThe combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, giant cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma have a poor prognosis. Among them sarcomatoid carcinoma is the most malignant and poor prognostic one. Radical resection is recommended.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Giant Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between clinicopathological features and serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9)/carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC).

METHODSThe clinicopathological data of 126 cases of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated in our department from Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2012 were collected and analyzed in this study. The correlation between clinicopathological features and sensitivity of CA19-9/CEA was analyzed by chi-square test. The correlation of clinicopathological features and value of serum CA19-9/CEA was analyzed by t test and F test.

RESULTSThe average value of CA19-9 before surgery in the 126 patients was 595.3 U/ml. The values of CA19-9 in 91 patients were abnormal and the sensitivity of CA19-9 was 72.2%. The average value of CEA before surgery was 12.6 U/ml. The value of CEA in 26 patients were abnormal and the sensitivity of CEA was 20.6%. The values of combined detection of serum CA19-9 and CEA before surgery were abnormal in a total of 97 cases with a sensitivity of 77.0%. There was no significant correlation between clinicopathological features and sensitivity of CA19-9 (P > 0.05). The location of tumor was significantly correlated to the diagnostic sensitivity of CEA. The sensitivity of CEA to distal ECC was only 15.4%. The value of CA19-9 was relatively high in patients >60-year old or with neural invasion, while CEA was higher when tumor was located in the middle of bile duct (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of serum CA19-9 before and after jaundice reduction (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe diagnostic sensitivity of CA19-9 is not affected by gender, age, blood type, tumor location, degree of differentiation, tumor size, T stage, vascular tumor thrombus, lymph node metastasis, perineural invasion, and preoperative jaundice. However, the diagnostic sensitivity of CEA is affected by tumor location. The value of CA19-9 is correlated with tumor invasion and is relatively high in patients above 60 years old.

Bile Duct Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; CA-19-9 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis