Objective To explore the casual relationship between immune cells and chronic pancreatitis(CP)using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods The immune cell phenotypes and CP GWAS data used in this study were obtained from public databases,and 731 immune cell phenotypes were included.The bidirectional MR analysis was used to explore the causal relationship between immune cells and CP,and various sensitivity analysis methods were used to verify the heterogeneity and level multiplicity of the results.Results This study identified 33 immune cell phenotypes with a causal relationship with CP,of which 18 were inhibitory factors,and the rest were risk factors.Among the 18 inhibitory factors,CD25 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed the most significant inhibitory effect.Among the 15 risk factors,CD8br AC in the TBNK cell group,CD8br on TD CD8br in the mature T cell group,and CD39+CD8br％ T cell and CD28 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed statistical significance.The reverse MR results further confirmed the unidirectionality of the causal relationship.Conclusion Our study revealed the close relationship between immune cells and CP through MR method,highlighting the complex interaction pattern between the immune system and CP.

Objective:To evaluate the causal relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Methods:Based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, forward and reverse two-sample MR analyses were conducted to examine the causal relationship between ASD and CP. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reaching genome-wide significance were selected from the GWAS data as candidate instrumental variables, and the Steiger directionality test was used to confirm the causal direction. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was applied as the primary analysis to estimate the causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. MR-Egger regression and weighted median methods were used as supplementary sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results. Pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests were performed to evaluate the reliability of the findings.Results:The forward MR analysis ultimately identified 29 SNPs. The IVW analysis indicated that ASD had a significant positive causal effect on CP risk ( OR=1.197, 95% CI 1.047-1.368, P=0.008), with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. In the reverse MR analysis, 17 SNPs were included; the IVW analysis did not detect a significant causal effect of CP on ASD ( OR=0.990, 95% CI 0.935-1.047, P=0.717), also with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. Causal effect estimates from MR-Egger regression and weighted median analyses were generally consistent with those of IVW. Conclusions:These findings indicate that, at the level of genetic susceptibility, ASD is a risk factor for CP.

Objective To explore the casual relationship between immune cells and chronic pancreatitis(CP)using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods The immune cell phenotypes and CP GWAS data used in this study were obtained from public databases,and 731 immune cell phenotypes were included.The bidirectional MR analysis was used to explore the causal relationship between immune cells and CP,and various sensitivity analysis methods were used to verify the heterogeneity and level multiplicity of the results.Results This study identified 33 immune cell phenotypes with a causal relationship with CP,of which 18 were inhibitory factors,and the rest were risk factors.Among the 18 inhibitory factors,CD25 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed the most significant inhibitory effect.Among the 15 risk factors,CD8br AC in the TBNK cell group,CD8br on TD CD8br in the mature T cell group,and CD39+CD8br％ T cell and CD28 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed statistical significance.The reverse MR results further confirmed the unidirectionality of the causal relationship.Conclusion Our study revealed the close relationship between immune cells and CP through MR method,highlighting the complex interaction pattern between the immune system and CP.

Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture on intestinal flora and inflammatory factor interleukin(IL)-6 in ulcerative colitis(UC)model rats and to explore the related mechanism of acupuncture in treating UC.Methods:Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control(NC)group,a model(MO)group,a mesalazine(ME)group,and an acupuncture(AC)group,with 8 rats in each group.Rats,except those in the NC group,were given a 2.5%sodium dextran sulfate solution to establish UC models.After successful modeling,rats in the ME group were treated with mesalazine by gavage twice a day for 7 continuous days;rats in the AC group received acupuncture at bilateral Tianshu(ST25)and Zusanli(ST36)with needles retained for 20 min each time,once a day for 7 consecutive days.After intervention,changes in the intestinal flora diversity,colon tissue damage degree,and inflammatory factor expression in each group of rats were evaluated.Results:The body mass increased slowly in the MO group compared to the NC group.After intervention,the body mass increased more significantly,colon injuries recovered,and intestinal flora diversity improved in the ME and AC groups compared to the MO group(P<0.05).The IL-6 expression level was higher in the MO group compared to the NC group(P<0.05).The IL-6 expression level decreased in the AC group compared to the MO group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture at Tianshu(ST25)and Zusanli(ST36)improves body mass loss and colon injuries,regulates intestinal flora diversity,and reduces the expression of inflammatory factor IL-6 in the colon tissue of UC rats,therefore alleviating the disease severity of UC.

Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture on intestinal flora and inflammatory factor interleukin(IL)-6 in ulcerative colitis(UC)model rats and to explore the related mechanism of acupuncture in treating UC.Methods:Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control(NC)group,a model(MO)group,a mesalazine(ME)group,and an acupuncture(AC)group,with 8 rats in each group.Rats,except those in the NC group,were given a 2.5%sodium dextran sulfate solution to establish UC models.After successful modeling,rats in the ME group were treated with mesalazine by gavage twice a day for 7 continuous days;rats in the AC group received acupuncture at bilateral Tianshu(ST25)and Zusanli(ST36)with needles retained for 20 min each time,once a day for 7 consecutive days.After intervention,changes in the intestinal flora diversity,colon tissue damage degree,and inflammatory factor expression in each group of rats were evaluated.Results:The body mass increased slowly in the MO group compared to the NC group.After intervention,the body mass increased more significantly,colon injuries recovered,and intestinal flora diversity improved in the ME and AC groups compared to the MO group(P<0.05).The IL-6 expression level was higher in the MO group compared to the NC group(P<0.05).The IL-6 expression level decreased in the AC group compared to the MO group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture at Tianshu(ST25)and Zusanli(ST36)improves body mass loss and colon injuries,regulates intestinal flora diversity,and reduces the expression of inflammatory factor IL-6 in the colon tissue of UC rats,therefore alleviating the disease severity of UC.

Objective:To evaluate the causal relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Methods:Based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, forward and reverse two-sample MR analyses were conducted to examine the causal relationship between ASD and CP. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reaching genome-wide significance were selected from the GWAS data as candidate instrumental variables, and the Steiger directionality test was used to confirm the causal direction. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was applied as the primary analysis to estimate the causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. MR-Egger regression and weighted median methods were used as supplementary sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results. Pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests were performed to evaluate the reliability of the findings.Results:The forward MR analysis ultimately identified 29 SNPs. The IVW analysis indicated that ASD had a significant positive causal effect on CP risk ( OR=1.197, 95% CI 1.047-1.368, P=0.008), with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. In the reverse MR analysis, 17 SNPs were included; the IVW analysis did not detect a significant causal effect of CP on ASD ( OR=0.990, 95% CI 0.935-1.047, P=0.717), also with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. Causal effect estimates from MR-Egger regression and weighted median analyses were generally consistent with those of IVW. Conclusions:These findings indicate that, at the level of genetic susceptibility, ASD is a risk factor for CP.

Objective:To investigate the role of RASAL2 in vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer cells and to preliminarily explore the potential molecular mechanisms involved.Methods:The clinical proteomic tumor analysis consortium(CPTAC)database was used to analyze the expression of RASAL2 in pancreatic cancer,and immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of RASAL2,β-catenin and Vimentin in pancreatic cancer and adjacent tissues.In the pancreatic cancer cell line,after lentivirus infection knockdown and overexpression of RASAL2,transcriptome sequencing was performed on pancreatic cancer cells silencing RASAL2 expression,and vasculogenic mimicry experiment was used to detect the effect of RASAL2 on angiogenesis of pancreatic cancer cells;The molecular mechanism of RASAL2 promoting vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer was studied by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting detection.Results:The analysis results of CPTAC database showed that the expression level of RASAL2 protein in pancreatic cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal pancreatic tissue.Immunohistochemical test results showed that the expression of RASAL2 in pancreatic cancer tissue was up-regulated,and the expression of β-catenin and Vimentin in pancreatic cancer tissue was also significantly up-regulated.The second-generation transcriptome sequencing results showed that RASAL2 may be involved in the biological behavior of intercellular connections and adhesion.After knocking down RASAL2 expression in pancreatic cancer cell PANC-1,the expression level of AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins and vasculogenic mimicry related proteins decreased,and the formation of vasculogenic mimicry structure was inhibited;After overexpression of RASAL2 in pancreatic cancer cell BxPC-3,the expression level of AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins and vasculogenic mimicry related proteins increased,promoting the formation of vasculogenic mimicry.Conclusion:The effect of RASAL2 on vasculogenic mimicry in pancreatic cancer cells is related to AKT/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Pancreatic cancer has a very poor prognosis.Early diagnosis and treatment are especially critical for improving its prognosis.Nanotechnology has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.Relying on the unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and their rich surface modifications,effective enrichment of tumor sites can be achieved.Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(MIONPs)is one of the commonly used nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer,and has good biocompatibility.Through special surface modification,it can be used in targeted diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.MIONPs can be used as a contrast agent for MRI,and by modifying the surface,they also can be used in targeted imaging of pancreatic cancer.And they can also be modified as a drug delivery system to achieve targeted delivery of drugs and improve therapeutic effects.However,the application of MIONPs in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment still faces some challenges,such as nanotoxicity and cost issues.With the development of technology,MIONPs are expected to play an important role in the personalized diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.

Based on introducing the total price adjustments in pilot cities and analyzing the existing problems,it further analyzes the objectives of the total price adjustment allocation of medical service items,the characteristics of various types of medical service items and the possible impact of price adjustment,concludes that the priority of the total price adjustment allocation should be as follows:new items,special tasks,complex items,general items,and medical services for special needs.It also combines the practical experience of the pilot cities to establish the total price adjustment allocation mechanism,and provides opinions on the total price adjustment allocation before the dynamic adjustment of medical service prices in the future.