Objective The aim of the study is to analyze the incidence patterns and epidemiological characteristics of parasitic and vector-borne diseases in the Minhang and Jinshan districts of Shanghai, and provide evidence-based information for optimizing prevention and control measures. Methods We collected information from epidemic reports and epidemiological investigation forms for cases of parasitic and vector-borne diseases from 2005 to 2024 in Shanghai's Minhang and Jinshan districts. Descriptive epidemiological method were adopted to conduct a comparative analysis of incidence trends, epidemic characteristics, and infection sources. Results A total of 229 cases in 7 categories were reported between 2005 and 2024, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.36/100 000. The average annual incidence rate in Minhang District was significantly higher than that in Jinshan District. The most prevalent diseases were malaria and dengue fever, followed by Japanese encephalitis. Monthly case reports were available, predominantly from June to October, with a peak in July-August. A statistically significant difference was observed between the two districts in case distribution during June-October (P＜0.001), whereas no significant difference was found for July-August (P=0.331). The majority of cases were young men (111/229,48.47%), aged 20-39 years. Migrant workers/farmers constituted the largest occupational group (55/229, 24.02%). Registered residents of other provinces and cities (147/229,64.19%), and the main source of infection was overseas importation (112/229,48.91%). There were no statistically significant differences in gender and household-registration composition between the two districts (P＞0.05). Significant differences existed in age, occupation, and source of infection (P＜0.05). The imported diseases were malaria and dengue fever, with Africa and Southeast Asia being the primary source locations. Malaria was the predominant disease imported from other provinces and cities, with cases having been imported from abroad since 2012. Local infections were mainly Japanese encephalitis, followed by malaria (with the last local case reported in 2010). Cases between 2005 and 2009 were predominantly imported from other provinces and cities. The proportion of cases imported from abroad increased sharply after 2010, particularly in Minhang District. Local infections sometimes arise in Jinshan District, with Japanese encephalitis serving as the primary type. Conclusions Incidence rates of parasitic and vector-borne diseases in Minhang and Jinshan districts have generally remained low. To further reduce this disease burden, it will be necessary to strengthen joint measures for prevention and control, eliminate the environmental risk factors of vector organisms, enhance monitoring and precise control of the environment and inbound personnel to prevent the occurrence and transmission of parasitic and vector-borne diseases.

Aim To investigate the antidepressant mechanism of hyperforin via the utilization of single-cell sequencing technology.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group,depres-sion model group,and hyperforin intervention group.The chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)model was induced and drug interventions were administered for 28 d.Behavioral experiments were conducted to as-sess depressive symptoms,and hippocampal tissue was collected for single-cell RNA sequencing.Key cell populations and differentially expressed genes across groups were identified,followed by PPI network,GO,and KEGG enrichment analysis.Results Behavioral experiments indicated that CUMS successfully induced depressive symptoms in mice,while hyperforin im-proved depressive behavior.In the depression model group,the proportion of brain perivascular macrophages(PVM)increased,and this proportion decreased after hyperforin intervention,approaching the level seen in the control group.The top 20 common differentially ex-pressed genes in the PVM subpopulation were Saa3,Hbb-bs and Ccl24.PPI network analysis identified core targets,including Ccl2,Dhx9,C3,Msr1,Cxcl2 and Cx3cr1.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed pathways related to chemokines,phagosome formation,and inosi-tol phosphate metabolism.Conclusion The antide-pressant mechanism of hyperforin may be related to the regulation of Ccl24 and its related chemokine signaling pathway by PVM.

Aim To investigate the antidepressant mechanism of hyperforin via the utilization of single-cell sequencing technology.Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group,depres-sion model group,and hyperforin intervention group.The chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)model was induced and drug interventions were administered for 28 d.Behavioral experiments were conducted to as-sess depressive symptoms,and hippocampal tissue was collected for single-cell RNA sequencing.Key cell populations and differentially expressed genes across groups were identified,followed by PPI network,GO,and KEGG enrichment analysis.Results Behavioral experiments indicated that CUMS successfully induced depressive symptoms in mice,while hyperforin im-proved depressive behavior.In the depression model group,the proportion of brain perivascular macrophages(PVM)increased,and this proportion decreased after hyperforin intervention,approaching the level seen in the control group.The top 20 common differentially ex-pressed genes in the PVM subpopulation were Saa3,Hbb-bs and Ccl24.PPI network analysis identified core targets,including Ccl2,Dhx9,C3,Msr1,Cxcl2 and Cx3cr1.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed pathways related to chemokines,phagosome formation,and inosi-tol phosphate metabolism.Conclusion The antide-pressant mechanism of hyperforin may be related to the regulation of Ccl24 and its related chemokine signaling pathway by PVM.

Humans ; Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes/therapy* ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation Conditioning

Objective: To investigate the tumor immunity-related pathologic features and clinical significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: All pathologic materials and clinical information of 192 PDAC patients from the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences from January 2010 to December 2020 were collected. The onco-immune microenvironment associated morphologic features were evaluated, and MHC-Ⅰ, PD-L1, CD3, and CD8 expression were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Then the correlation between the factors and their influence on prognosis was analyzed. Results: There were 163 cases of non-specific adenocarcinoma (163/192, 84.90%), 18 cases of adeno-squamous carcinoma (18/192, 9.37%), and 11 cases of other rare subtypes (11/192, 5.73%). Perineural invasion was observed in 110 cases (110/192, 57.29%) and vascular invasion in 86 cases (86/192, 44.79%). There were 84 cases (84/182, 46.15%) with severe chronic inflammation. Tumor infiltrating immune cell numbers (TII-N) were increased in 52 cases (52/192, 27.08%). Lymphocytes and plasma cells were the main infiltrating immune cells in 60 cases (60/192, 31.25%), whereas in 34 cases (34/192, 17.71%) the tumors were mainly infiltrated by granulocytes, and 98 cases (98/192, 51.04%) showed mixed infiltration. CD3⁺T cells were deficient in 124 cases (124/192, 66.31%). CD8⁺T cells were deficient in 152 cases (152/192, 79.58%). MHC-Ⅰ expression was down-regulated in 156 cases (156/192, 81.25%), and PD-L1 was positive (CPS≥1) in 46 cases (46/192, 23.96%). Statistical analysis showed that TII-N was negatively correlated with vascular invasion (P=0.035), perineural invasion (P=0.002), stage (P=0.004) and long-term alcohol consumption (P=0.039). The type of immune cells correlated positively with chronic pancreatic inflammation (P=0.002), and negatively with tumor differentiation (P=0.024). CD8⁺T cells were positively correlated with CD3⁺T cells (P=0.032), MHC-Ⅰ expression (P<0.001) and PD-L1 expression (P=0.001), and negatively correlated with long-term smoking (P=0.016). Univariate analysis showed that histological nonspecific type (P=0.013) and TII-N (P<0.001) were the factors for good prognosis. Vascular invasion (P=0.032), perineural invasion (P=0.001), high stage (P=0.003) and long-term alcohol consumption (P=0.004) were adverse prognostic factors. COX multivariate risk analysis found that TII-N was an independent favorable factor for PDAC, while perineural invasion was an independent adverse risk factor. Conclusions: TII-N is an independent superior prognostic factor for PDAC, and significantly correlated with many factors; chronic alcohol consumption and smoking may inhibit onco-immunity in PDAC patients.
Adenocarcinoma/pathology* ; B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism* ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology* ; Humans ; Inflammation/pathology* ; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism* ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology* ; Prognosis ; Tumor Microenvironment

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness and safety of the combined treatment with acupuncture and venlafaxine hydrochloride on depression in terms of the microstructure change of white matter fiber tracts of brain based on diffusion tensor imaging technology (DTI). METHODS: The prospective study design was adopted. All of 60 patients with depression were randomized into an acupuncture-medication group and a medication group, 30 cases in each one. In the medication group, venlafaxine hydrochloride was used, 75 mg per day in the 1st week, 150 mg per day in the 2nd week and 225 mg per day from the 3rd to 6th week. In the acupuncture-medication group, on the base of the treatment in the medication group, acupuncture was combined. Baihui (GV 20) and Yintang (GV 29) were the main acupoints. The supplementary acupoints were selected according to the clinical symptoms of individuals. The needles were retained for 30 min. Acupuncture was provided once every 2 days, 3 times a week. The consecutive 12 weeks of treatment were required in the two groups. Additionally, a normal group was prepared with 30 healthy volunteers. Separately, before treatment, in 2, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment, Hamilton's depression scale (HAMD-17), Beck depression inventory scale (BDI) and the antidepressant side effect scale (SERS) were adopted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the two groups. Moreover, before and after 12 weeks of treatment, DTI was adopted to detect the fractional anisotropy score (FA) of each brain region in the patients. RESULTS: After treatment, the scores of HAMD-17 and BDI were all reduced in the two groups (<0.05). In 8 and 12 weeks of treatment, the scores of HAMD-17 and BDI in the acupuncture-medication group were less than those in the medication group (<0.05). The difference in SERS score was not significant statistically between the two groups (>0.05). Compared with the healthy volunteers, FA scores in 6 brain regions changed obviously in the patients with depression, including the white matter of bilateral frontal lobes, splenium of corpus callosum, left cingulated gyrus, white matter of bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, white matter of bilateral inferior parietal lobe and white matter of bilateral deep temporal occipital region separately. Before treatment, the differences in FA scores of these 6 brain regions were not significant statistically between the two groups (>0.05). After treatment, FA scores in the white matter of bilateral frontal lobes, white matter of bilateral inferior temporal gyrus and white matter of bilateral deep temporal occipital region in the acupuncture-medication group were all higher than those in the medication group (<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture repairs the brain white matter fiber tracts in some brain regions to certain extent and the therapeutic effects are enhanced with the adjuvant medication of venlafaxine hydrochloride.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Brain ; Depression ; therapy ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

Infertility with diminished ovarian reserve(DOR) is a major problem in the field of reproductive health and it has attracted great attention worldwidely.Function deficiency of the kidney is one of the fundamental pathogenesis for DOR.Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) have a long history with rich experience for the treatment of infertility.Some TCMs are very effective in the treatment of kidney deficiency for infertility with DOR.The integrated TCMs and western medicine,and combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation may help for diagnosis and treatment of infertility with DOR.We adopt the concept of unified treatment for special disease,and the methods and principle of treatment can be used.Therefore,we adopt the TCM concept of kidney-tonifying,blood-nourishing,liver-dispersing and spleen-invigorating.The TCMs kidney-tonifying formulae are added and subtracted.TCMs can regulate the reproductive function via multiple systems for simultaneous conditioning of follicular development and ovulation.At the same time,a hypothesis of " simultaneous conditioning of follicular development and ovulation" was proposed.Two-stage therapy with integrated TCMs and western medicine has been used,mainly for increasing the number of eggs,and improving follicle quality.The goal is to achieve simultaneous conditioning of follicular development and ovulation and ultimately for effective treatment of infertility with DOR.

BACKGROUND: With the development of 3D printing technology, organ and tissue construction can be achieved by constructing a three-dimensional scaffold that is conducive to cell growth. OBJECTIVE: To solve the scaffold over-accumulation during 3D printing.METHODS: Fluent, a finite element analysis software developed by ANSYS Company in the United States, was used to analyze the extrusion process of print heads and to obtain suitable viscosity and extrusion pressure of materials for the 3D printing of cellulose gel composites. We then compared simulation results with experimental results. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The error between simulation results and experimental results was less than 5%. The simulated values at a kinetic viscosity of 45 and a pressure of 0.10-0.12 MPa solved the phenomenon of over-accumulation of cellulose gel composites during the 3D printing process, ensuring enough space for the 3D printed scaffold.

Objective To explore application and effects of the whole-procedure modular intelligent nursing evaluation system.Methods The whole-procedure modular intelligent nursing evaluation system was designed,and the closed-loop management system was implemented.Nurses' clinical work ability,incidence of nursing adverse events,and satisfaction of discharged patients were compared before and after implementing the whole-procedure modular intelligent nursing evaluation system.Results After application of the whole-procedure modular intelligent nursing evaluation system,nurses' clinical work ability and discharged patients' satisfaction were both improved,incidence of nursing adverse events was significantly lower than before(P＜0.05).Conclusion Application of the whole-procedure modular intelligent nursing evaluation system improved nurses' clinical work ability,reduced incidence of nursing adverse events,and improved discharged patients' satisfaction.

[Objective]To establish a reliable and accurate preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)method using multiple dis?placement amplification (MDA), which can be applied to the diagnosis of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease (X-SCID).[Methods]Haplotype analysis for the X-SCID family was performedusing five short tandem repeats (STR) markers flanking the both sides of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor gamma chain (IL2RG) gene. MDA technique was used for single-cell whole genomic amplification. The products were used as template in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of informative STR markers found by linkage analysis for haplotype analysis as well as sequencing of the IL2RG gene exon 5.The amelogenin (AMEL) locus was used to do sex diag?nosis.[Results]Linked analysis revealed 3 STR markers were informative. The method was evaluated with 10 single lymphocytes and 10 single blastomeres. MDA was successful in all single cell. The detection efficiency of gene sequencing of pathogenic IL 2RG exon5 was 100%. The PCR efficiency of 3 STR informative markers and AMEL was 96.3%(77/80)and the average allele drop-out (ADO) rate was 11.5%(7/61). A cycle of PGD was performed on the family, and seven embryos were diagnosed, two of which were normal embry?os. Twin pregnancy occurred after transplantation which were given a healthy baby boy and a healthy baby girl.[Conclusion]In this study, multiple displacement amplification combined with specific amplification/sequencing of pathogenic gene and haplotype analysis in the single cell level of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease were performed. The protocol can avoid misdiagnosis caused by contamination and ADO, and improve the diagnostic efficiency of PGD.