Objective To explore the intervention effect of tight-fitting equipment on delayed onset muscle soreness(DOMS)after exercise using nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging com-bined with physiological and biochemical indices.Methods Seven healthy adult males participated in a randomized crossover study,and each subject underwent two experiments,with an interval of 7 days,as an elution period to eliminate the effect of the previous experiment.In both experiments,all sub-jects were induced DOMS by finishing 80 times of deep jumps,in 4 groups.In the first experiment,all subjects(the Con group)wore loose clothes during and in 24 hours after the jumping,while in the second one they(the compression sleeve group,Cs)were in full-leg tight leggings.Before,as well as 0 h,24 h and 48 h after the exercise,the muscle soreness,the peak isokinetic torque of the knee extensor muscle group,and the activities of creatine kinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were measured.Moreover,before and 24 h after exercise,MRI was performed to measure bi-lateral thigh fractional anisotropy(FA),mean diffusivity(MD),radial diffusivity(RD)and their ei-genvalues(λ1,λ2,λ3).Results The time and group interaction effect for muscle soreness was signifi-cant after exercise(P<0.01),with that of the Cs group significantly lower than the Con group at all three time points after exercise(P<0.01).However,no significant time or group interaction effects were found in the peak isokinetic torque(P>0.05).Moreover,the time and group interaction was sig-nificant in the serum enzyme activity(P<0.05),with CK activity of the Cs group significantly lower than the Con group at 24 h and 48 h after exercise(P<0.05)and LDH activity significantly lower than the latter at 0 h and 24 h after exercise(P<0.05).Meanwhile,MRI showed that the λ2(P<0.05),λ3(P<0.05),and RD(P<0.01)values of quadriceps femoris in the Cs group were significant-ly lower than the Con group at 24 h post-exercise,while the FA values were significantly higher than the latter at the same time point(P<0.05).Conclusion Wearing tight-fitting gear during exercise and within 24 hours after exercise can suppress the elevation of serum CK and LDH activities,and relieve DOMS.Moreover,magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging results suggest that it may be realized by limiting the development of localized edema through sustained pressure on the body.

Objective:To study the allocation efficiency of private ophthalmology health resources in Shanxi,and to provide references for improving the allocation efficiency of health resources in Chinese private ophthalmology medical institutions.Methods:The resource allocation and services of 70 private ophthalmic medical institutions in Shanxi were collected through a questionnaire survey,and Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)was used to evaluate the efficiency of health resource allocation in medical institutions of Shanxi.Results:The average values of technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and scale efficiency of health resource allocation in private ophthalmic medical institutions in Shanxi were 0.963,0.980,and 0.982,respectively.Among the 70 private ophthalmology institutions,7 institutions were DEA-strongly efficient in health resource allocation,26 institutions were DEA-weakly efficient,37 institutions were non-DEA efficient,15 institutions had constant return to scale,40 institutions had increasing return to scale,and 15 institutions had decreasing return to scale.The allocation of health resources in 7 cities,including Taiyuan,Datong,and Shuozhou,etc.were DEA-strongly efficient;Changzhi and Jincheng were DEA-weakly efficient,both with increasing return to scale;and Linfen was non-DEA efficient with increasing return to scale.Conclusion:The efficiency of health resource allocation in some municipalities of Shanxi needs to be improved;the level of inter-organization varied,and the problems of insufficient resources and wasted inputs coexisted.In the future,ophthalmic resources should be rationally allocated,and input and output indicators should be adjusted according to the actual situation.

Objective To explore the intervention effect of tight-fitting equipment on delayed onset muscle soreness(DOMS)after exercise using nuclear magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging com-bined with physiological and biochemical indices.Methods Seven healthy adult males participated in a randomized crossover study,and each subject underwent two experiments,with an interval of 7 days,as an elution period to eliminate the effect of the previous experiment.In both experiments,all sub-jects were induced DOMS by finishing 80 times of deep jumps,in 4 groups.In the first experiment,all subjects(the Con group)wore loose clothes during and in 24 hours after the jumping,while in the second one they(the compression sleeve group,Cs)were in full-leg tight leggings.Before,as well as 0 h,24 h and 48 h after the exercise,the muscle soreness,the peak isokinetic torque of the knee extensor muscle group,and the activities of creatine kinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were measured.Moreover,before and 24 h after exercise,MRI was performed to measure bi-lateral thigh fractional anisotropy(FA),mean diffusivity(MD),radial diffusivity(RD)and their ei-genvalues(λ1,λ2,λ3).Results The time and group interaction effect for muscle soreness was signifi-cant after exercise(P<0.01),with that of the Cs group significantly lower than the Con group at all three time points after exercise(P<0.01).However,no significant time or group interaction effects were found in the peak isokinetic torque(P>0.05).Moreover,the time and group interaction was sig-nificant in the serum enzyme activity(P<0.05),with CK activity of the Cs group significantly lower than the Con group at 24 h and 48 h after exercise(P<0.05)and LDH activity significantly lower than the latter at 0 h and 24 h after exercise(P<0.05).Meanwhile,MRI showed that the λ2(P<0.05),λ3(P<0.05),and RD(P<0.01)values of quadriceps femoris in the Cs group were significant-ly lower than the Con group at 24 h post-exercise,while the FA values were significantly higher than the latter at the same time point(P<0.05).Conclusion Wearing tight-fitting gear during exercise and within 24 hours after exercise can suppress the elevation of serum CK and LDH activities,and relieve DOMS.Moreover,magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging results suggest that it may be realized by limiting the development of localized edema through sustained pressure on the body.

Objective:To study the allocation efficiency of private ophthalmology health resources in Shanxi,and to provide references for improving the allocation efficiency of health resources in Chinese private ophthalmology medical institutions.Methods:The resource allocation and services of 70 private ophthalmic medical institutions in Shanxi were collected through a questionnaire survey,and Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)was used to evaluate the efficiency of health resource allocation in medical institutions of Shanxi.Results:The average values of technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,and scale efficiency of health resource allocation in private ophthalmic medical institutions in Shanxi were 0.963,0.980,and 0.982,respectively.Among the 70 private ophthalmology institutions,7 institutions were DEA-strongly efficient in health resource allocation,26 institutions were DEA-weakly efficient,37 institutions were non-DEA efficient,15 institutions had constant return to scale,40 institutions had increasing return to scale,and 15 institutions had decreasing return to scale.The allocation of health resources in 7 cities,including Taiyuan,Datong,and Shuozhou,etc.were DEA-strongly efficient;Changzhi and Jincheng were DEA-weakly efficient,both with increasing return to scale;and Linfen was non-DEA efficient with increasing return to scale.Conclusion:The efficiency of health resource allocation in some municipalities of Shanxi needs to be improved;the level of inter-organization varied,and the problems of insufficient resources and wasted inputs coexisted.In the future,ophthalmic resources should be rationally allocated,and input and output indicators should be adjusted according to the actual situation.

Objective To evaluate the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technology in the identification of filamentous fungi,and analyze the susceptibility of filamentous fungi to commonly used antibiotics.Methods A total of 100 strains of filamentous fungi were collected and identified rapidly by MALDI-TOF MS.The obtained results were compared with those from microscopic examination.The susceptibility of filamentous fungi was detected by the Etest method.Results Among 100 strains of filamentous fungi identified by MALDI-TOF MS,61 reached to the species level(score≥2.000),36 to the genus level(score between 1.700 and 1.999),and 3 failed to be identified (score ＜ 1.700).There was inconsistent results for one strain of filamentous fungi between MALDI-TOF MS and microscopic examination.The MIC90 of amphotericin B against Epidermophytonfloccosum was 0.19 μg/mL,while that against Aspergillus flavus was above 32 μg/mL.The MIC90 of itraconazole against Trichophyton tonsurans,Microsporum canis and Epidermophytonfloccosum were all below 0.38 μg/mL,while that against Aspergillus niger was above 32 μg/mL.The MIC90 of fluconazol were above 256 μg/mL for most of strains.The MIC90 of voriconazole and caspofungin against Aspergillus fumigatus,Aspergillus flavus,Aspergillus niger,Trichophyton rubrum,Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum canis were ≤0.38 μg/mL and ≤ 1 μg/mL,respectively.Conclusion The MALDI-TOF MS technology may be used to identify the filamentous fungi isolated from clinical specimens quickly,accurately and high-throughput.Voriconazole and caspofungin have effective anti-filamentous fungi activity.

Objective To investigate healthy status and disease distribution of couples through analysing the results of pre‐preg‐nancy laboratory examination and to explore high risk factors ,in order to provide scientific references for the realization of eugenics . Methods The routine blood test ,serum markers of hepatitis B ,five items(TORCH) examination ,detection of female vaginal secre‐tions were carried out in 8 313 couples planning pregnancy from 2013 to 2014 ,and the results of pre‐pregnancy health examination were analysed and evaluated .Results The thyroid dysfunction accounted for 17 .43% of all women undergoing examination ,which was the most common disease .Among items carried out in all couples ,thalassemia and positive of hepatitis B surface antigen were the most common ,accounted for 10 .20% and 9 .94% respectively .Conclusion The pre‐pregnancy health examination could screen high risk factors ,which is benefit for guiding eugenics and effectively reducing the birth defects and adverse pregnancy and is a sig‐nificant measure for eugenics .

Objective To explore the clinical effect of creatine phosphate on infantile with rotaviral enteritis and myocardial damage.Methods One hundred and twenty children with rotaviral enteritis and myocardial damage were randomly divided into the control group (n =60) and observation group (n =60).Two groups were given antiviral,rehydration,nutritional support,redressing acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disorders and other conventional treatment.The patients of the control group were given 160 mg/(kg · d) 1,6Fructose Diphosphate(1 times/d) on the basis of routine treatment,while those in the observation group were given 1.0 g creatine phosphate + 150 ml 5％ glucose injection(1 times/d) on the basis of routine treatment,both courses of two groups were 7 days.The levels of myocardial enzymes were measured and the clinical effect and adverse reactions were recorded.Results The total effective rate in observation group was 95.0％ (57/60),obviously higher than that of control group (80.0％ (48/60)) and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =6.268,P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical significant difference in terms of myocardial enzyme between the two groups before treatment(P ＞0.05).The level of lactate dehydmgenase(LDH),creatine kinase (CK),creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of observation group were (163.8 ±18.5) U/L,(152.8±26.4) U/L,(19.4±7.8) U/Land (24.4 ±6.8) U/Lafter treatment,and (193.4 ± 22.8) U/L,(168.6 ± 32.6) U/L,(27.4 ± 9.2) U/L and (35.4 ± 9.8) U/L of control group,and the differences between the two groups were significant (t =3.484,3.228,4.278 and 4.729; P ＜ 0.05).There was no obvious adverse reaction during the treatment course.Conclusion The clinical effect of creatine phosphate on infantile with rotaviral enteritis and myocardial damage is remarkable and safe,and it is worth of clinical application.