【Objective】 To analyze the situation of regular whole blood donation in Tianjin between 2013 and 2022, in order to provide data support for improving the recruitment and retention measures of regular blood donors and ensuring safe clinical blood supply. 【Methods】 From 2013 to 2022, 185 639 regular whole blood donors in Tianjin were selected as the study group and 1 015 312 other whole blood donors in the same period were selected as the control group. The demographic data, blood collection volume and blood retest screening of blood donors in the two groups were statistically analyzed. 【Results】 The number of regular blood donors and the volume of blood donated in Tianjin increased year by year from 2013 to 2022, with an average annual growth rate of 6.22% and 6.18%, respectively. From 2013 to 2021, the retention rate of regular blood donors increased first and then decreased. The proportion of male blood donors in the study and control groups showed a decreasing trend but the proportion of female donors showed an increasing trend, with the proportion of male donors in the study group higher than that in the control group and the proportion of female donors lower than that in the control group (both P<0.05). In the study group, the majority of blood donors were in the age of 26-35 years old, followed by those of 36-45 years old; in the control group, the majority of blood donors were in the age of 18-25 years old, followed by those of 26-35 years old; the proportion of blood donors in the study group in the age of 18-25 years old was lower than that in the control group, while the proportion of blood donors of other age group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The rates of 200 mL and 300 mL blood donations and insufficient blood donations in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the rate of 400 mL blood donations was higher than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. Among the blood donors in the study group, the proportion of students, civil servants, medical workers, military personnel, teachers and others was lower than that of the control group, while the proportion of the rest occupations was higher in the study group than that of the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant. There was a significant difference in the proportion of regular blood donors among blood donors of different professions. The re-test deferral rates of ALT and anti-TP in the study group showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend, and the re-test deferral rates of HBV, HCV and HIV showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend, and all the re-test deferral rates in the study group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . 【Conclusion】 From 2013 to 2022, the situation of regular blood donors in Tianjin has a certain regularity, and there is certain room for growth. Precise recruitment strategies targeting different populations should be adopted to have more regular blood donors.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacies of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the clearance of Bovine Kobu (BK) virus and treatment of BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) in kidney transplantation recipients.Methods:From March 1, 2018 to March 31, 2022, the relevant clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 13 kidney transplantation recipients with histologically proven BKVN on a full course of IVIG. The changes of serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were compared before and after Month 1/3/6/12. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed for examining the overall risk factors of BK virus clearance failure.Results:kidney transplantation (12 cases) and combined pancreatorenal transplantation (1 case) were performed. Among them, 9/13 patients were pathologically classified as stage A (early changes without tubular necrosis) and another 4 cases as stage B (active nephropathy with viral tubular necrosis). After IVIG dosing, all patients with BK virus in blood turned negative. Urinary BK virus DNA load of 7 patients with BK virus declined by 10 3 copies/ml, and 6 patients with BK virus in urine turned negative. Blood BK viral DNA load, urinary BK viral DNA load, GFR and serum creatinine before IVIG were 26 100 (1 000, 254 000) copies /ml and 1 450 (438, 7 480) ×10 6 copies /ml, (35. 36±14. 57) ml/min and (208. 50±66. 89) μmol/L, respectively, after 12 months of use of IVIG were 0、0(0, 0. 58) ×10 6 copies/ml、(46. 05±13. 00) ml/min and(175. 38±50. 64) μmol/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P=0. 012, 0. 027, 0. 046 and 0. 039) . Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the overall risk factor for viral clearance failure was high initial viral load ( HR=0. 780, 95% CI: 0. 64-0. 98, P=0. 032) , concurrent transplanted kidney rejection ( HR=0. 847, 95% CI: 0. 52-0. 93, P=0. 013) and higher BKVN grade ( HR=0. 426, 95% CI: 0. 22-0. 81 , P=0. 010) were the overall risk factors for urinary BK virus clearance failure. No major adverse events occurred. Conclusions:IVIG may achieve a high efficacy of BK virus clearance. IVIG is effective in the treatment of BKVN. The graft renal function was stable or improved after treatment.

Objective To establish ecological suitability zone of Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl in Shanxi Province;To study the quality regionalization of Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl from different producing areas in Shanxi Province;To provide reference for reasonable planting and wild tending of Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl.Methods Maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model and ArcGIS software were used to study the ecological suitability of Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl in Shanxi Province;By screening the main environmental factors and combining them with the content of forsythoside and forsythoside A in Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl of different regions,a quality zoning of Forsythia suspensa Thunb.Vahl medicinal materials in Shanxi Province based on forsythoside,forsythoside A and environmental factors was constructed.Results The ecological suitable areas of Forsythia suspensa Thunb.Vahl in Shanxi Province were mainly distributed in the southern part of Shanxi Province,mainly in Linfen,Yuncheng,Changzhi,and Jincheng.The general contents of forsythoside and forsythoside A in the Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl medicinal material were gradually reduced from southern part to northern part of Shanxi Province.The comprehensive quality was high in southern part of Shanxi Province,mainly in Linfen,Changzhi,Yuncheng and Jincheng.Conclusion The results of this study are consistent with the actual survey.The southern part of Shanxi province is a suitable planting area for high quality Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl,which provides a reference for the standardized planting and wild tending of Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.)Vahl.

Objective: To describe the current status of the prevalence of co-morbid myopia and obesity among 7-18 years students in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021 and to analyze the moderating effect of lifestyle in this association ，so as to provide scientific basis for the establishment of the mechanism of Co-morbidity，Shared Etiology，and Shared Prevention of common diseases in children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 139 630 primary and secondary school students aged 7-18 years from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected by stratified random cluster sampling method in September,2021. Myopia was determined using distance visual acuity examination and refractive error examination, and obesity was determined according to the BMI classification criteria for overweight, obesity screening of Chinese school age children and adolescents. Used a questionnaire, healthy lifestyles were determined according to the American Heart Association s Healthy Lifestyle Score by totaling the six scores for smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, exercise, screen time, and sleep duration.The χ 2 test was used to compare the association between group differences in the co-morbidity rate of myopia and obesity. The multivariable Logistic regression model was used to explore the influencing factors of the co-morbidity of myopia and obesity, and the stratified analysis was used to analyze the moderating effect of lifestyles on the prevalence of the co-morbidity. Results: The prevalence of myopia and obesity co-morbidity among students aged 7-18 years old in the Inner Mongolia Autonmous Region in 2021 was 13.7%, higher among boys than girls ( 15.5 % vs. 11.8%), higher among those aged 10-12 years old than 7-9,13-15,and 16-18 years old (14.7%,13.7%, 13.3%, 12.0%), higher among other ethnic minorities than Han Chinese and Mongolians (15.3%, 14.0%, 12.5%), higher in urban areas than that in suburban areas(15.3%, 13.0%), and middle economic level tracts were higher than poor and good tracts (14.8%, 12.9 %, 12.6%) ( χ 2=392.37，115.73，62.80，119.02，121.60, P <0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression modeling showed that unhealthy lifestyles ( OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.19-1.29 ) and middle level of lifestyle score ( OR=1.15, 95%CI=1.10-1.19 ) students had higher prevalence of co-morbidity, and the results were statistically significant among both boys and girls, the age groups of 10- 12, 13-15, and 16-18 years old, as well as the Han and Mongolian ethnic groups (all P <0.05). Conclusion In 2021, the current situation of myopia and obesity co-morbidity and unhealthy lifestyles among primary and secondary school students in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are not optimistic.

Objective:To explore the effect of early activity based on action research method in severely ill children.Methods:From February 2020 to January 2022, 101 children with severe illness admitted to the Henan Provincial People's Hospital were selected as the study subjects by convenient sampling. The 51 children with severe illness included from February 2020 to January 2021 were set as the control group, and the 50 children with severe illness included from February 2021 to January 2022 were set as the experimental group. The children in the control group were treated with routine rehabilitation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) , and the experimental group was treated with early activity based on action research method on the basis of the control group. Before and after the intervention, the effect was evaluated by the Medical Research Council Scale (MRC) , the Intensive Care Unit Mobility Scale (IMS) , the length of stay in PICU and hospitalization time, and the incidence of ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) when transferring out of PICU.Results:When transferring out of PICU, the MRC muscle strength score of children in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the incidence of ICU-AW was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After intervention, the IMS score of children in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The length of stay in PICU and hospitalization time of children in the experimental group were shorter than those in the control group with statistical differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Early activity based on action research method can effectively prevent the occurrence of ICU-AW in severely ill children, improve the activity of children, and shorten the hospitalization time, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective:To explore the effect of probiotics on the cognitive function of patients with schizophrenia.Methods:100 schizophrenic patients admitted to Shanghai Jinshan District Mental Health Center from January 2019 to January 2021 were randomly divided into the conventional group (treated with atypical antipsychotics combined with placebo, 50 cases) and the intervention group (treated with atypical antipsychotics combined with probiotics, 50 cases). Before treatment and 3 months after treatment, the feces of the patients were taken for DNA detection to compare the composition of intestinal flora. The cognitive function of the patients was assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and the mental state of the patients was assessed by the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS). The incidence of adverse drug reactions was compared between the two groups.Results:Before treatment, the relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Proteus and Actinobacteria in the two groups had no statistical significant difference (all P>0.05); After 3 months of treatment, the relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Proteus and Actinobacteria in the two groups decreased compared with that before treatment, and the decline was more significant in the intervention group (all P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in immediate memory, visual span, speech function, attention function, delayed memory and RBANS between the two groups (all P>0.05); After 3 months of treatment, the scores of immediate memory, visual span, speech function, attention function, delayed memory and RBANS in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the increase was more significant in the intervention group (all P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in PANSS scores between the two groups ( P>0.05); After 3 months of treatment, PANSS scores in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment, and the decrease degree in the intervention group was higher than that in the conventional group (all P<0.05). During the three months of treatment, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Probiotics are used in adjuvant therapy for patients with schizophrenia, which can regulate the patients′ intestinal flora, improve patients′ cognitive function and mental disorders, and do not increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions. They have significant clinical efficacy and high treatment safety.

Objective:To screen lipid biomarker in sepsis patients with different survival outcome based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS) technique.Methods:From September 2019 to April 2020, 30 septic patients admitted in Department of Intensive Care Unit and 30 cases of physical examination at the same time in Shanxi Bethune Hospital were studied. Lipid metabolite in serum were detected by UHPLC-MS/MS technique. According to the 28 day survival outcome of sepsis patients, they were divided into survival group (21 cases) and death group (9 cases). The baseline data of case group and control group, survival group and death group were compared respectively. Independent sample t-test and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were further performed to identify lipid biomarkers related to sepsis survival outcome. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the predictive efficacy of differential lipids on the survival outcome of biomarker sepsis patients. Results:There were 32 lipid subclasses and 1 437 differential lipid molecules in the sepsis group compared with the control group. 196 differential lipid molecules in the sepsis survival group and the death group were screened according to the OPLS-DA model (variable weight of projection (VIP)>1), which were glycerophosphingolipids (129), sphingolipids (52), glycerides (14), and sterols (1).All the original data were statistically analyzed by univariate independent sample t-test. There were statistically significant differences in 15 lipid molecules between the two groups. Combined with VIP > 1 and P < 0.01, three lipid molecules were finally screened, which were sphingomyelin (SM) lipid molecules, SM (d30∶1), SM (d32∶2), SM (d32∶1). ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under curves of the above three lipid molecular were 0.915, 0.892, 0.898, respectively. The sensitivity was 77.27%, 95.45%,72.73%. The specificity was 100.0%, 87.5%,100.0%. Further Z-test showed that there was no significant difference in the area under the ROC curve ( Z(SM (d30∶1) and SM (d32∶1)) =0.36, P=0.722; Z(SM (d30∶1) and SM (d32∶2))=0.34, P=0.732; Z(SM (d32∶1) and SM (d32∶1))=0.07, P=0.942). Conclusions:Sphingomyelin may be involved in the formation of different clinical outcomes of sepsis, and has a good predictive effect on the survival outcome of sepsis.

【Objective】 To investigate the basic situation of blood donation given by university students in Tianjin and provide data to support the sustainable development of college blood donation. 【Methods】 The group blood donation in Tianjin universities from 2012 to 2021 was enrolled as the study group and other whole blood donors in the same period as the control. The statistical analysis of the two groups was conducted. 【Results】 From 2012 to 2021, the number of college blood donations in Tianjin increased from 8.93% to 21.32%, with the average annual growth rate of 12.80%, and the units of blood donated increased from 5.44% to 18.82%, with the average annual growth rate of 17.06%. The repeat donation rate in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control(20.74% vs 25.47%, P<0.05). In 2012, the specification of blood donated by college students were mainly 200 mL(87.38%), then in 2021, gradually transitioned to 400 mL(38.77%), followed by 200 mL(35.19%) and 300 mL(26.03%). The rates of 200/300 mL donation and insufficient blood donation in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control, to the contrary, the rate of 400 mL donation was lower in comparison to the control, with statistically significant differences. The deferral rates of initial screening and ALT among college donors differed significantly over the decade: HBsAg showed a significant downward trend, while Hb increased significantly(P<0.05); the deferral items in the study group was significantly lower than the control(P<0.05), except Hb. During the retest period, the deferral rates of ALT and HBV were decreasing, which was the lowest in 2018 then bounced back slightly; the deferral rate of HIV showed a increasing tendency(P<0.05). The deferral rates of all retest items in the study group were lower than those in the control(P<0.05). In the study group, no significant differences were noticed in the deferral rates of retest items by genders, except for ALT and HCV, as males were higher than females. 【Conclusion】 College student groups are an important force in blood donation. A long-term mechanism should be established to safeguard this special group and to provide targeted health education and personalised services to promote the sustainable and healthy development of blood donation in universities.

【Objective】 To analyze the infection characteristics and prevalence of HIV among college group voluntary blood donors in Tianjin, China, so as to provide data support for improving the promotion and recruitment strategies of voluntary blood donors, ensuring the safety of blood for clinical use, and formulating HIV prevention and control strategies for adolescents. 【Methods】 The college donors with anti-HIV(+ ) and HIV RNA(+ ) results in Tianjin from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021 were selected and analyzed. The relationships among HIV positive rate(anti-HIV+ or HIV RNA+ ), solo anti-HIV positive rate(anti -HIV+ and HIV RNA-), solo HIV RNApositive rate(anti-HIV- and HIV RNA+ ) and double positive rate(anti-HIV+ and HIV RNA+ ) between different years, gender, residence status, age and blood donation history(primary or repeated blood donation) were counted. 【Results】 The HIV positive rate and solo HIV RNA positive rate of college group blood donors from 2012 to 2021 showed a trend with significant increasing(χ²=49.266, 71.379, P<0.05). The HIV positive rate in the controls was significantly higher than that in the college blood donors(χ²=92.414, P< 0.05). The HIV positive rate and solo anti-HIV positive rate showed no differences by genders, but the male presented significant higher positive rate in solo HIV RNA and double positive results than the females(χ²=6.059, 10.900, P<0.05). The HIV positive rate of local resident was significantly lower than those nonlocal students(χ²=47.523, P<0.05). The HIV positive rate differed significantly by ages, with the highest at the age of 18 and the lowest at the age of 21(P<0.05). The difference of HIV double positive rates between the first-time and repeated donors was marginal, while the other three positive rates in thefirst-time donors were significantly higher than those in the repeated donors (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 In recent years, the HIV positive rate and solo HIV RNA positive rate of college group blood donors present an increasing tendency. The consultation and education on HIV-related issues should be strengthened among college students during blood donation publicity, so as to ensure the safety of blood use and prevent the spread of AIDS in schools.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Activin-A on spinal inflammatory response in rats with incisional pain and the relationship with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.Methods:Forty-eight SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 1 month, weighing 100-150 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=12 each) by the random number table method: sham operation group (S group), incisional pain group (I group), sham operation + antagonist group (SA group) and incisional pain + antagonist group (IA group). The rat model of incisional pain was prepared in group I and group IA.At the first 30 min of model preparation, the antagonist follicle statin 5 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in SA and IA groups, and the normal saline 5 μg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in S and I groups.At 24 h before model preparation (T 0) and 2, 6 and 24 h after model preparation (T 1-3), 3 rats in each group were randomly selected to measure the thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL). Then 3 rats in each group were randomly sacrificed, and the spinal cord L 4-6 segments were taken for determination of the expression of Activin-A and p38 MAPK mRNA (by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Results:Compared with group S, the TWL was significantly shortened, the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β were increased, and the expression of Activin-A and p38 MAPK mRNA was up-regulated at T 1-3 in I and IA groups ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in each parameter in group SA ( P>0.05). Compared with group SA, the TWL was significantly shortened, the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β were increased, and the expression of Activin-A and p38 MAPK mRNA was up-regulated at T 1-3 in I and IA groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group I, the TWL was significantly prolonged, the contents of TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased, and the expression of Activin-A and p38 MAPK mRNA was down-regulated at T 1-3 in group IA ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Activin-A is involved in spinal inflammatory response through activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in rats with incisional pain.