Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability in the global population, Its pathological mechanism is complex and related to multiple risk factors. Zinc, as a key trace element, plays a dual role in maintaining neurological function and ischemic brain injury. It not only mediates toxic damage but also promotes neuroprotection. This article explores the role of zinc in the pathogenesis of stroke, summarizes the therapeutic potential of zinc chelators and related intervention strategies, and analyzes its value in stroke prevention. Future research should focus on zinc metabolism mechanisms and clinical translation to improve stroke outcome.