Objective:Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is characterized by the loss of acid-secreting glands, resulting in hypochlorhydria and hypergastrinemia, conditions that significantly increase the risk of developing gastric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and gastric adenocarcinoma. In recent years, AIG has garnered increasing attention in both clinical and research settings. However, comprehensive studies on the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of AIG particularly cases complicated by gastric neoplastic lesions remain limited in China. This study aims to comprehensively summarize the clinical and endoscopic features of AIG and its associated gastric neoplastic lesions.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted using medical records from patients with AIG diagnosed at Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital between 2019 and 2024. Data collected included demographic information, medical history, serological test results, imaging findings, and endoscopic observations. The clinical and endoscopic features of AIG patients with gastric NETs or epithelial-derived tumors were compared to those without gastric neoplastic lesions to identify potential risk factors and diagnostic indicators for tumor development in AIG.Results:A total of 72 patients with AIG were included, of whom 62.5% (45/72) were female, with an age range of 30 to 79 years old (mean age: 57±11 years). Parietal cell antibody (PCA) positivity was observed in 93.1% (67/72), intrinsic factor antibody (IFA) positivity in 45.8% (33/72), and Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) co-infection in 48.6% (35/72). Endoscopically, 84.7% (61/72) showed prominent corpus-dominant advanced atrophy; 47.2% (34/72) had sticky adherent mucus; and 41.7% (30/72) displayed residual oxyntic mucosa in the gastric body or fundus. Only 23.6% (17/72) had normal antrum mucosa, and just 16.7% (12/72) showed a circular wrinkle-like pattern. Gastric neoplastic lesions were identified in 35 patients (48.6%), including 15 cases (20.8%) with NETs and 20 cases (27.8%) with epithelial-derived tumors (four adenocarcinomas, three adenomas, and 13 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia). No significant differences were found between tumor and non-tumor groups in terms of age, gender, PCA/IFA positivity, gastrin levels, anemia status, folic acid, or serum iron levels. However, patients with NETs had significantly lower vitamin B 12 levels compared to those without tumors (183±111 ng/L vs. 323±159 ng/L, t=2.47, P=0.042). Additionally, AIG patients with NETs were more likely to be H.pylori-negative compared to both the non-tumor group (66.7% vs. 35.1%, χ2=5.26, P=0.072) and the epithelial-derived tumor group (66.7% vs. 30.0%, χ2=5.80, P=0.055). The incidence of reverse atrophy in the epithelial-derived tumor group was significantly lower than that in the non-tumor group (65.0% vs. 91.9%, χ2=6.49, P=0.011) and the NETs group (65.0% vs. 93.3%, χ2=3.90, P=0.048).? Conclusion:In AIG patients with NETs, serum vitamin B 12 levels are significantly reduced, suggesting that vitamin B 12 deficiency may be a key risk factor or clinical indicator for NET development in AIG. Furthermore, NETs are more frequently observed in AIG patients without H.pylori infection, while epithelial-derived tumors are more commonly associated with H.pylori co-infection.

Objective:Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is characterized by the loss of acid-secreting glands, resulting in hypochlorhydria and hypergastrinemia, conditions that significantly increase the risk of developing gastric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and gastric adenocarcinoma. In recent years, AIG has garnered increasing attention in both clinical and research settings. However, comprehensive studies on the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of AIG particularly cases complicated by gastric neoplastic lesions remain limited in China. This study aims to comprehensively summarize the clinical and endoscopic features of AIG and its associated gastric neoplastic lesions.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted using medical records from patients with AIG diagnosed at Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital between 2019 and 2024. Data collected included demographic information, medical history, serological test results, imaging findings, and endoscopic observations. The clinical and endoscopic features of AIG patients with gastric NETs or epithelial-derived tumors were compared to those without gastric neoplastic lesions to identify potential risk factors and diagnostic indicators for tumor development in AIG.Results:A total of 72 patients with AIG were included, of whom 62.5% (45/72) were female, with an age range of 30 to 79 years old (mean age: 57±11 years). Parietal cell antibody (PCA) positivity was observed in 93.1% (67/72), intrinsic factor antibody (IFA) positivity in 45.8% (33/72), and Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) co-infection in 48.6% (35/72). Endoscopically, 84.7% (61/72) showed prominent corpus-dominant advanced atrophy; 47.2% (34/72) had sticky adherent mucus; and 41.7% (30/72) displayed residual oxyntic mucosa in the gastric body or fundus. Only 23.6% (17/72) had normal antrum mucosa, and just 16.7% (12/72) showed a circular wrinkle-like pattern. Gastric neoplastic lesions were identified in 35 patients (48.6%), including 15 cases (20.8%) with NETs and 20 cases (27.8%) with epithelial-derived tumors (four adenocarcinomas, three adenomas, and 13 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia). No significant differences were found between tumor and non-tumor groups in terms of age, gender, PCA/IFA positivity, gastrin levels, anemia status, folic acid, or serum iron levels. However, patients with NETs had significantly lower vitamin B 12 levels compared to those without tumors (183±111 ng/L vs. 323±159 ng/L, t=2.47, P=0.042). Additionally, AIG patients with NETs were more likely to be H.pylori-negative compared to both the non-tumor group (66.7% vs. 35.1%, χ2=5.26, P=0.072) and the epithelial-derived tumor group (66.7% vs. 30.0%, χ2=5.80, P=0.055). The incidence of reverse atrophy in the epithelial-derived tumor group was significantly lower than that in the non-tumor group (65.0% vs. 91.9%, χ2=6.49, P=0.011) and the NETs group (65.0% vs. 93.3%, χ2=3.90, P=0.048).? Conclusion:In AIG patients with NETs, serum vitamin B 12 levels are significantly reduced, suggesting that vitamin B 12 deficiency may be a key risk factor or clinical indicator for NET development in AIG. Furthermore, NETs are more frequently observed in AIG patients without H.pylori infection, while epithelial-derived tumors are more commonly associated with H.pylori co-infection.

To summanze the nursing points of enterostomy among 6 children with small intestinal transplantation,which could provide references for clinical nursing.Key points:to set up a multidisciplinary team and develop an observation plan about enterostomy;to monitor the blood circulation of enterostomy closely,so as to identify the vascular complications as soon as possible;to closely observe the excrement of enterostomy and being vigilant for rejection reaction;to select reasonable nursing supplies based on the situation of enterostomy;to treat the abdominal incision fluid leakage timely,and pay attention to protect the skin around the enterostomy and take measures to control infection;furthermore,to attach great importance to continuous nursing care and improve the quality of home care.After above careful treatment,all the 6 children survived;they were discharged from hospital 3～4 months later after the operation of enterostomy restoration.Followed up 2～4 months,6 children recovered well.

Site-directed mutagenesis method was used to introduce two desired mutations, which were confirmed by DNA sequencing, into mouse complement receptor Type II gene(MCR2). Then the constructed eukaryotic expression vectors containing wild type mouse CR2/1(wtMCR2/1), mutant type mouse CR2/1 (mtMCR2/1) and human CR2 (hCR2) cDNA were transferred into mouse SP2/0 cells by electroporation. After two-week screening by G418, the stably transfected clones were obtained. Several ways including PCR, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were utilized to screen those clones with interesting genes integrated and expressed. Then Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) was used to infect these transfected cells and EBER-1 (EBV encoded RNAs) hybridization results showed that only hCR2 and mtMCR2 transfected SP2/0 cells could be infected by EBV, but positive rate of the former was much higher than the latter. This study sets groundwork for elucidating the mechanism by which EBV enters the cells and for establishing the animal model of EBV-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

AIM: To establish nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) cell lines stable expressing NPC-derived latent membrane protein 1(LMP1) gene. METHODS: General expression vector and epithelium-specific expression vector of NPC-derived LMP1 gene were constructed by using recombinant techniques, then transfected these vectors into a poor differentiated NPC cell line named CNE-2 ,integration and expression of N-LMP1 in CNE-2 cells were detected by PCR,RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: (1) General expression vector and epithelium-specific expression vector of NPC-derived LMP1 gene were constructed successfully.(2) It showed that N-LMP1 gene expressed in CNE-2 cells correctly. CONCLUSION: The first NPC cell lines which stable express NPC-LMP1 were established. The cell lines obtained will provide important basis for exploring the role of NPC-LMP1 in nasopharynx carcinogenesis.