Objective: To systematically evaluate the application effectiveness of the full disinfection process in blood stations, identify key optimization links, and provide a scientific evidence for the formulation of specialized disinfection and hygiene standards for blood collection and supply institutions. Methods: On-site microbiological monitoring was conducted using techniques such as the plate settling method and cotton swab method. Stratified random sampling was performed on eight key control points: including evironmental air, hand hygiene, skin disinfection, blood transport boxes, pressure steam sterilization, sewage treatment, ultraviolet disinfection, and sterile swabs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation(x-±s), and inter-group comparisons were conducted using t-tests or analysis of variance (ANOVA). Count data were expressed as rates, and inter-group comparisons were conducted using the χ test. Trend analysis was performed using the Cochran-Armitage test, with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: The colony removal rate of plasma air disinfection machines (94.2%±0.8%) was significantly higher than that of the ultraviolet group (P<0.05). The qualification rate of quick-drying disinfectant hand was 100% within 30 days after opening the bottle, but decreased to 93.3% after 40 days (P<0.01). The qualification rate of disinfection for blood transport boxes using 500 mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant (100%) was significant higher 75% alcohol (60%, P< 0.05). Skin disinfection with 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine gluconate balanced effectiveness and user experience (satisfaction score 4.8±0.3). The qualification rates for core procedures such as pressure steam sterilization and sewage treatment were both 100%. Conclusion: The current disinfection procedures in blood collection and supply institutions are reliable. The effective usage period of hand disinfectants, disinfection methods for transport boxes, and usage duration of sterile swabs are the main points for optimization. It is recommended that the opened hand disinfectants be used for ≤30 days and that chlorine-containing disinfectants be prioritized for wiping transport boxes, providing empirical support for the revision of protocols and the formulation of standards.

Objective To establishe the reference range of low hemoglobin density (LHD ％) of health population in Humen District of Guangdong,and discuss the clinical application value.Methods Randomly selected from January 2015 to September 2016 in Humen Hospital of Dongguan City physical examination of 1 650 cases of healthy people as control group,and selected the same period by the clinical diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia (iron-deficiency anemia,IDA) group,67 cases of patients with IDA Sysmex XT-1800i fully automatic blood analyzer were used respectively to detect blood routine,and then based on the average haemoglobin concentration (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration,MCHC),calculate the LHD％,and the calculation results were analyzed.Results The control healthy crowd LHD％ value was 2.41％ ± 0.85 ％,95％ reference range was 0.74 ％ ～4.08％,male was higher than the female,the difference was statistically significant (t =3.209,P＜0.05).IDA patients before treatment LHD％ was 30.97％ ± 18.65％,significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t=19.536,P＜ 0.01),and with the level of hemoglobin (Hb) showed a negative correlation (r=-0.4313).LHD％ values after treatment in patients with IDA group were significantly lower,but the recovery speed was slower than the Hb and MCHC.By ROC curve analysis,when the cut-off of LHD％ value was 4.10％,the LHD％ for IDA early diagnostic sensitivity of 96.78％,specificity of 100％.Conclusion Established the reference range of low hemoglobin density (LHD ％) of healthy population in Humen district of Guangdong,and LHD％ is IDA good indicator of early diagnosis and curative effect of dynamic monitoring.

Objective To explore the diagnosis value of ultrasound-guided COre needle biopsy(CNB)and frozen sectionin breast cancer.Methods There were 41 cases of breast tumor which were suspicious with ultrasonography,and using Bard automatic biopsy device was applied for percutaneous puncture by ultrasound-guided in breast neoplasms.Tissue samples were harvested for frozen soetion pathologic examination.compared with 42 clinical cases of the turnour which suspicious with ultrasonography were excised in operation room(B group)during the same time.Results The outcome of frozen sections were finished in 30～40 miutes.Thirty-nine cases were diagnosed to be malignant,36 cases were infiltrated ductal carcino and 3cases were infiltrated lobular carcinoma,two cases were severely non-type hyperplasia the sensitivity of sonographically guided CNB for the diagnosis of breast cancer was 95.1%.one operation was finished in 60 to 120 minutes,the average is 68.19±12.41 minutes.In group B,sensitivity of diagnosis of breast cancer was 97.6%(P＜0.05).One operation was finished in 120 to 200 minutes,the average was127.88±11.50 minutes(P＜0.05).Conclusion It can achieved higHy diagnostic rate,and have benefit of setting down the operations program and the operating time was curtailed when breast cancer was utrasound-guided by CNB and examinede with frozen section.

BACKGROUND: Proper physiochemical method can alleviate or eliminate the antigenicity of natural xenogenic bone and preserve its natural porous reticular system so that its structure and components are in conformity with physiological requirements. It is expected that xenogenic bone becomes a kind of substitutive material in bone transplantation.OBJECTIVE: It was to adopt generative culture of marrow stromal cell and complex culture of ceramic xenogenic bone in vitro to understand the influence of ceramic xenogenic bone on morphology, growth, adhesion and proliferation of marrow stromal cell in rabbits.DESIGN: Blank, control experiment was designed.SETTING: Center Laboratory of First Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical College.MATERIALS: Five Japanese big ear white rabbits of 3-month old were employed, body mass varied from 1.5 to 2.0 kg, of either sex.INTERVENTIONS: The experiment was performed in Center Laboratory of First Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical College from June to October 2003. With physiochemical management, the fresh pig rib bought from market was prepared into ceramic xenogenic bone and was verified with Xray diffractometry to be mainly composed of hydroxyapatite. It was verified with scanning electron microscopic observation that such material presented porous meshwork system as osteogenie tissue. Five Japanese big ear white rabbits were employed to collect 1mL marrow for each. PRMI 1640culture solution was used to dilute it into suspension of marrow stromal cell and the cells of upper layer were collected for culture. With 1×106 cells/bottle, they were vaccinated to 8 culture bottles of 25 mL and generated at the ratio of 1:1. The prepared ceramic xenogenic bone was placed into culture bottles, 5 pieces in each bottle, totally for 5 bottles, taken as experimental group and the other 3 bottles (without xenogenic bone ) were taken as the control. The culture ended in 2 weeks and a part of cultured material was used for observation with phase microscope and scanning electron microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Influence of ceramic xenogenie bone on morphology, growth, adhesion and proliferation of marrow stromal cell in rabbits were observed with phase microscope and scanning electron microscope.to 14 days after vaccination, cell proliferation was connected to be monolayer meshwork. Generative culture: in 24 hours, adhesion was accomplished and the cells grew well in both experimental group and the cortrol.In the experimental group, fibroblastic cells were arranged more closely rabbits with scanning electron microscope: in experimental group, it was visible in 2 weeks of generative culture that some counected reticular fibroblastic cells adhered with the inner wall of reticular pores and porous base of ceramic xenogenic bone as well as the surface of bone trabecula.The cells were mostly fusiform, triangular or multiangular.CONCLUSION: Ceramic xenogenic bone is mainly composed of hydroxyapatite and presents reticular porous structural system of osteogenic tissue, which will not produce harmful effects on morphology, growth, adhesion and proliferation of marrow stromal cell and it is expected to be used in complex graft for repair of bone defects with bone marrow.

Objective To investigate subsequent treatment methods of nipple discharge after fiberoptic ductoscopic examination.Methods Intraductal lesions of 51 patients with nipple discharge were observed and assessed by fiberoptic ductoscopy.After examination,the patients were treated by various methods according to characteristic appearance of lesions under fiberoptic ductoscopy.The type of lesion with nipple discharge was classified as papillary lesions and nonpapillary lesions.And the papillary lesions could be further subdivided into nodular papillary lesions and irregular papillary lesions.There were 29 cases of nodular papillary lesion,23 of which were treated by local resection and 6 of which were given a simple mammectomy.There was 1 case of irregular papillary lesion,which was treated as malignant tumor after the focus was surgically removed and pathologically confirmed as breast cancer.Nonpapillary lesion was observed in 21 cases,18 of which were treated by local irrigation under ductoscopy,and 3 of which were treated as malignant tumor after the abnormal duct with its lobules was pathologically diagnosed as breast cancer.Results The 51 patients were followed with B-ultrasonography or chest roentgenography for 6～21 months(mean,14 months).No recurrence or metastasis was observed.Conclusions The characteristic appearance of lesion with nipple discharge under fiberoptic ductoscopy is an important evidence for choosing treatment method.