Objective:To apply patent metrics to analyze the distribution, development trends, and characteristics of patents related to orthokeratology lenses for assisted wearing, providing a reference for the research and development of such patents.Methods:Patents related to orthokeratology lenses for assisted wearing were retrieved by computer from the China National Intellectual Property Administration database, incopat, Derwent Innovations Index, Free Patents Online, Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle, and IP Australia. The search timeframe was from the establishing of these databases until March 8, 2024. Patent metrics methods, word frequency analysis, and high-frequency word co-occurrence analysis were used for data analysis.Results:A total of 60 relevant patents were selected. The development of orthokeratology lens-assisted wearing patents began relatively late but has shown a strong growth trend, reaching a peak around 2015. Chinese patents accounted for the largest share (91.7%, 55/60) , with Zhejiang Province, Beijing City, Jiangsu Province, Guangdong Province, and Shanghai City having the highest number of patents. The majority of the applicants were enterprises. The research focus in this field is on mechanical assistance patents for lens wearing, with cutting-edge technologies focusing on monitoring the displacement of lenses relative to the pupil and providing timely feedback and guidance.Conclusions:This study, using patent metrics, word frequency analysis, and high-frequency word co-occurrence analysis, provides a reference for patent applications and product development in orthokeratology lens-assisted wearing in nursing.

Objective To investigate and analyze the various reasons that affect the accuracy of ICD-9-CM-3 classifica-tion coding,identify key factors,and propose improvement strategies to enhance the accuracy and standardization level of surgical operation coding.Methods Using case analysis method,various factors affecting the accurate coding of ICD-9-CM-3 were sys-tematically listed and analyzed in detail.Through specific examples,this article analyzes the non-standard behavior of clinical physicians in writing surgical operation names,as well as the problems of coders relying on doctors to write,ignoring coding rules,and not fully reading medical records and surgical records during the coding process.It further explores how these factors lead to surgical classification errors.Results The main reasons affecting the accuracy of ICD-9-CM-3 coding include:lack of standardization in writing surgical operation names by clinical physicians,and failure to provide detailed descriptions of key ele-ments of the surgery;The coder overly relied on the doctor's written content during the coding process,failed to strictly follow the coding rules,and did not fully and deeply read and analyze medical records and surgical records,resulting in errors and devia-tions in surgical classification.Conclusion Each component of the surgical procedure name is an important factor affecting the accuracy of coding.Ensuring the completeness and accuracy of surgical operation names is crucial for improving the precision of ICD-9-CM-3 coding.In order to improve the quality of coding,clinical physicians need to enhance writing standards,while cod-ers need to strengthen their professional knowledge learning,strictly abide by coding rules,and comprehensively and meticulously review medical records and surgical records to achieve precise classification and coding of surgical operations.

Objective:To apply patent metrics to analyze the distribution, development trends, and characteristics of patents related to orthokeratology lenses for assisted wearing, providing a reference for the research and development of such patents.Methods:Patents related to orthokeratology lenses for assisted wearing were retrieved by computer from the China National Intellectual Property Administration database, incopat, Derwent Innovations Index, Free Patents Online, Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle, and IP Australia. The search timeframe was from the establishing of these databases until March 8, 2024. Patent metrics methods, word frequency analysis, and high-frequency word co-occurrence analysis were used for data analysis.Results:A total of 60 relevant patents were selected. The development of orthokeratology lens-assisted wearing patents began relatively late but has shown a strong growth trend, reaching a peak around 2015. Chinese patents accounted for the largest share (91.7%, 55/60) , with Zhejiang Province, Beijing City, Jiangsu Province, Guangdong Province, and Shanghai City having the highest number of patents. The majority of the applicants were enterprises. The research focus in this field is on mechanical assistance patents for lens wearing, with cutting-edge technologies focusing on monitoring the displacement of lenses relative to the pupil and providing timely feedback and guidance.Conclusions:This study, using patent metrics, word frequency analysis, and high-frequency word co-occurrence analysis, provides a reference for patent applications and product development in orthokeratology lens-assisted wearing in nursing.

Objective To investigate and analyze the various reasons that affect the accuracy of ICD-9-CM-3 classifica-tion coding,identify key factors,and propose improvement strategies to enhance the accuracy and standardization level of surgical operation coding.Methods Using case analysis method,various factors affecting the accurate coding of ICD-9-CM-3 were sys-tematically listed and analyzed in detail.Through specific examples,this article analyzes the non-standard behavior of clinical physicians in writing surgical operation names,as well as the problems of coders relying on doctors to write,ignoring coding rules,and not fully reading medical records and surgical records during the coding process.It further explores how these factors lead to surgical classification errors.Results The main reasons affecting the accuracy of ICD-9-CM-3 coding include:lack of standardization in writing surgical operation names by clinical physicians,and failure to provide detailed descriptions of key ele-ments of the surgery;The coder overly relied on the doctor's written content during the coding process,failed to strictly follow the coding rules,and did not fully and deeply read and analyze medical records and surgical records,resulting in errors and devia-tions in surgical classification.Conclusion Each component of the surgical procedure name is an important factor affecting the accuracy of coding.Ensuring the completeness and accuracy of surgical operation names is crucial for improving the precision of ICD-9-CM-3 coding.In order to improve the quality of coding,clinical physicians need to enhance writing standards,while cod-ers need to strengthen their professional knowledge learning,strictly abide by coding rules,and comprehensively and meticulously review medical records and surgical records to achieve precise classification and coding of surgical operations.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hypomethylating agents (HMA) in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) .Methods:A total of 409 MDS patients from 45 hospitals in Zhejiang province who received at least four consecutive cycles of HMA monotherapy as initial therapy were enrolled to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HMA. Mann-Whitney U or Chi-square tests were used to compare the differences in the clinical data. Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to analyze the factors affecting efficacy and survival. Kaplan-Meier was used for survival analysis. Results:Patients received HMA treatment for a median of 6 cycles (range, 4-25 cycles) . The complete remission (CR) rate was 33.98% and the overall response rate (ORR) was 77.02%. Multivariate analysis revealed that complex karyotype ( P=0.02, OR=0.39, 95% CI 0.18-0.84) was an independent favorable factor for CR rate. TP53 mutation ( P=0.02, OR=0.22, 95% CI 0.06-0.77) was a predictive factor for a higher ORR. The median OS for the HMA-treated patients was 25.67 (95% CI 21.14-30.19) months. HMA response ( P=0.036, HR=0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.95) was an independent favorable prognostic factor, whereas complex karyotype ( P=0.024, HR=2.14, 95% CI 1.10-4.15) , leukemia transformation ( P<0.001, HR=2.839, 95% CI 1.64-4.92) , and TP53 mutation ( P=0.012, HR=2.19, 95% CI 1.19-4.07) were independent adverse prognostic factors. There was no significant difference in efficacy and survival between the reduced and standard doses of HMA. The CR rate and ORR of MDS patients treated with decitabine and azacitidine were not significantly different. The median OS of patients treated with decitabine was longer compared with that of patients treated with azacitidine (29.53 months vs 20.17 months, P=0.007) . The incidence of bone marrow suppression and pneumonia in the decitabine group was higher compared with that in the azacitidine group. Conclusion:Continuous and regular use of appropriate doses of hypomethylating agents may benefit MDS patients to the greatest extent if it is tolerated.

Objective To analyze the short-term survival and prognostic quality of life of patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by bacterial infection. Methods This study collected and analyzed 300 patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with infection who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, and followed up to discuss their survival and quality of life. Results In this study, the top two causes of infection were spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (60.67% of patients) and pneumonia (50.67% of patients). The second causes were urinary tract infections (15.33%), gastrointestinal infections (12.33%), and other causes. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female patients (P>0.05). In addition, the proportion of hospital infections was 71.00%, and there was no statistically significant difference between male and female patients (P>0.05). A total of 353 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated in this study (73.37% of patients with hospital infections). The distribution analysis of pathogenic bacteria showed that the highest proportion of ECO was 35.98%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.98%). The distribution trend of 259 strains of pathogenic bacteria among hospital patients was consistent with that of all strains, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Gram negative bacteria accounted for 79.60% (281/353) of all detected strains, of which Escherichia coli was mostly detected in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, Klebsiella Pneumoniae (KPN) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAE) were mostly detected in patients with pneumonia, and Enterococcus (ENF) was mostly detected in patients with urinary tract infection; Among gram-negative bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis (SEP) and Staphylococcus aureus (SAU) are mostly found in patients with other infectious causes (blood flow infection, etc.) , and Streptococcus (STR) accounts for a high proportion in patients with Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. In this study, 9 cases of death prognosis were detected during follow-up, and there was no statistically significant difference in the detection of death prognosis between different bacterial strains in both genders, as well as the difference in detection of death prognosis between hospital infections and out of hospital infections in both genders (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the detection of death prognosis between males and females due to different causes of infection, P>0.05. The quality of life scores of 291 surviving patients were compared between baseline and follow-up, indicating an increase in follow-up scores, especially in the dimensions of physiological function and physical pain. There was no statistically significant difference between different bacterial strains, infection causes, and hospital/non hospital infections (P>0.05) . Conclusion Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and pneumonia are the main causes of infection that deserve special attention, and the main pathogens of infection are Gram negative bacteria. Targeted treatment and rehabilitation should be provided for patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by infection. At the same time, the proportion of hospital infections is relatively high, and attention should be paid to, prevention and control measures should be implemented as well.

Scalp arteriovenous fistula (SAVF) is a rare complication of thread-lift sutures for facial rejuvenation.This article reports a 23-year-old female patient who suffered from entotic sounds in left ear after thread lifting. Then, the entotic sounds was gradually aggravated with palpitations. The cerebral angiography showed a high flow scalp arteriovenous fistula in the left temporal region, which got satisfactory result by endovascular embolization with coil and medical glue. There was no recurrence of the fistulas after one year of follow-up.

Scalp arteriovenous fistula (SAVF) is a rare complication of thread-lift sutures for facial rejuvenation.This article reports a 23-year-old female patient who suffered from entotic sounds in left ear after thread lifting. Then, the entotic sounds was gradually aggravated with palpitations. The cerebral angiography showed a high flow scalp arteriovenous fistula in the left temporal region, which got satisfactory result by endovascular embolization with coil and medical glue. There was no recurrence of the fistulas after one year of follow-up.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the home-made umbrella-shaped Octoparms inferior vena cava filter in the prevention of pulmonary embolism.Methods:A multicenter, randomized, positive parallel controlled, non-inferiority clinical trial was conducted in ten hospitals in China from October 2017 to March 2019. A total of 188 subjects were enrolled according to the same inclusion and exclusion criteria in different institutes. The 188 subjects were randomly divided into the trial group or the control group according to 1∶1 by the central randomization system, with 94 cases in each group. Octoparms inferior vena cava filter was used in the trial group, and the Celect inferior vena cava filter in the control group. The primary effective index was clinical success rate,including the clinical success rate of filter placement and filter retrieval. The secondary index included the rate of manual success of the delivery sheath system,incidence of pulmonary embolism(within 6 months), incidence of filter fracture,migration (>20 mm),tilt(>15°) on insertion/retrieval,and the situation of inferior vena cava flow(within 6 months). Safety evaluation included the incidence of filter related complications and device-related adverse events immediately after surgery and during follow-up.Results:The success rate of implantation was 100% in 188 subjects. Filter retrieval was performed in 87 cases (92.55%) in the trial group and 91 cases (96.81%) in the control group. The clinical success rate of the trial group was 97.87%(92/94) and that of the control group 98.94%(93/94). There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ 2=0.77, P=0.380). The success rate of delivery sheath system was 96.81%(91/94) and 98.94%(93/94) in the trail group and the control group,respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups( P=0.621). There was 1 case (1.22%) of new asymptomatic pulmonary embolism in the trial group after filter placement and 2 cases (2.44%) in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). No filter fracture or migration (>20 mm) occurred in either group. The tilting of filter (>15°) was found in 1 case (1.06%) in the test group and 1 case (1.06%) in the control group when the filter was placed. The tilting of filter (>15°) was found in 0 case in the test group and 2 cases (2.44%) in the control group when the filter was retrieved. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). Inferior vena cava thrombosis before filter retrieval was found in 5 cases (5.75%) in trial group and 3 cases (3.30%) in control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P=0.489). There were no immediate serious complications during filter placement/removal in either group. No filter obstruction,migration,deformation,penetration and occlusion of inferior vena cava. The incidence of device-related adverse events was low in both group. There was no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The home-made umbrella-shaped Octoparms inferior vena cava filter is effective and safe in preventing pulmonary embolism, and is not worse than Celect filter.

Objective:To investigate whether rumination and family functioning can predict the level of depression after 1 year of follow-up in patients with first-episode depression, and whether family functioning plays a mediating role between rumination and depression level.Methods:Sixty-five patients with first-episode depression who met the enrollment requirements were included, and all subjects were assessed the 17-item Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-17), rumination response scale(RRS) and family assessment device(FAD). All subjects were followed up for 1 year, and the predictive effects of rumination and family functioning at baseline on the level of depression after 1 year of follow-up were investigated by hierarchical linear regression analysis and mediation analysis.Results:At the baseline stage, rumination, role, affective involvement (AI) and general functioning (GF) were significantly positively associated with depression level after 1 year of follow-up in patients with first-episode depression ( r=0.49, P<0.01; r=0.30, P=0.02; r=0.43, P<0.01; r=0.50, P<0.01; respectively). Rumination, AI and GF at the baseline stage predicted depression level after 1 year of follow-up ( β=0.315, t=2.954, P=0.005; β=0.261, t=2.550, P=0.013; β=0.323, t=2.952, P=0.005). Mediation analysis showed that AI and GF partially mediated the relationship between rumination at baseline and depression level at 1 year follow-up (point estimate value for AI=0.040, 95% CI=0.012-0.090); point estimate value for GF=0.066, 95% CI=0.017-0.143). Conclusions:Rumination and family functioning at baseline in first-episode depressed patients can predict the depression level at 1 year follow-up.Family functioning partly mediates the relationship between the baseline rumination and the depression level at 1 year follow-up.